Tag Archives: Albert Litch

Frink, George E.

Daguerreotypes, , , , ,

1852                97 Chapel Street, New Haven, Connecticut.

1852 May 27.  Morning Journal and Courier.  (New Haven, Connecticut.)  May 27, 1852, Vol. VII, No. 126, P. 4.

Daguerrean Gallery.  The subscribers having fitted up the Room No. 97 Chapel street, known as Peck’s Old Stand, would respectfully invite the patronage of the public.  The junior member of the firm has, for a number of years past, been connected with the Gallery of Major Moulthrop, Esq. where he was for some time under the instruction of Mr. Litch—undoubtedly the best artist who has ever taken pictures in this city.  We are confident of our ability to please all who are desirous of obtaining well defined, rich-toned pictures; and haop by courteous treatment and a disposition to give ample satisfaction to those who favor us with a sitting, to gain the good wishes of the community.  Art has dipped her pencil in sunbeams to preserve the face of loved ones—so that we may still have something to remind us of our friends when they are far away, or no more among the living.

“There is a reaper, whose name is Death,

And with his sickle keen,

He reaps the bearded grain at a breath,

And the flower that grows between.”

Andrews & Frink.  m4.

Bowdoin, David W.

Ambrotypes, Daguerreotypes, , , , , , , , ,

1842                Centre Street, Over R. Pollards, Nantucket, Massachusetts.

1843-1845       Essex Street, Mechanic Hall, Salem, Massachusetts.

1845-1846       289 Essex Street, Salem, Massachusetts.

1846                11½ Tremont Street, Boston, Massachusetts.

1846-1851       208 Essex Street, Salem, Massachusetts.

1852                Address Unknown, Salem, Massachusetts.

1853                241 Essex Street, Salem, Massachusetts.

1855                10 Federal Street, Salem, Massachusetts.

1855 -1860      49 Tremont Street, Boston, Massachusetts.

1860                Address Unknown, Salem, Massachusetts.

1861-1869       175 Essex Street, Salem, Massachusetts.

1871                9 North Street, Salem, Massachusetts.

1872                7 North Street, Salem, Massachusetts.

1873                Address Unknown, Salem, Massachusetts.

1841 June 9.  Taunton Whig.  (Taunton, Massachusetts.)  June 9, 1841, Vol. 9, No. 26, P. 3.

Portrait Painting.  D. W. Bowdoin respectfully informs the citizens of Taunton that he has taken a room, on Main street, opposite J. W. Seabury’s over J. W. D. Hall’s Shoe Store.  The public patronage is respectfully solicited.  June 9.

Advertisement ran from June 9 to October 6, 1841.

1841 August 25.  Taunton Whig.  (Taunton, Massachusetts.)  August 25, 1841, Vol. 9, No. 37, P. 3. 

Writing and Pencil Drawing.  D. W. Bowdoin, proposes giving Lessons in the above sciences, at his Room, over the Taunton Bank. 

He will continue Portrait Painting as above.  Miniatures Painted for $5,00 in oil colors.  With the assistance of the Daguerreotype process, he can give the most perfect sketch and paint from it.  Call and see.  Terms in writing $2,00; Pencil Drawing $3,00

Commence on Monday.  Ladies at 3, P. M.  Gentlemen 7½ o’clock.      

Advertisement ran for August 25 to September 15, 1841.

1841 October 20.  Taunton Whig.  (Taunton, Massachusetts.)  October 20, 1841, Vol. 9, No. 45, P. 3.

Bowdoin Painting Room.  (Over Taunton Bank,) Will be open for visitors from 1 to 2 o’clock, P. M. Persons desirous of having Portraits are requested to call soon, as he will leave in a few weeks.  Call and see. 

Advertisement ran from October 20, 1841 to March 7, 1842.

1842 March 19.  Nantucket Inquirer.  (Nantucket, Massachusetts.)  March 19, 1842, Vol. 3, No. 12, P. 3.

D. W. Bowdoin, Portrait Painter.  Room, over E. & J. Kelley’s, two doors above the Post Office.

Ladies and Gentlemen are respectfully invited to call.

1842 May14.  Nantucket Inquirer.  (Nantucket, Massachusetts.)  May 14, 1842, Vol. 3, No. 20, P. 1

D. W. Bowdoin, Portrait Painter.  Room over C. B. Chadwick’s Shoe Store, lower Pearl Street.  Ladies and Gentlemen are respectfully invited to call.

Advertisement ran from May 28 to June 18.

1842 June 25.  Nantucket Inquirer.  (Nantucket, Massachusetts.)  June 25, 1842, Vol. 3, N. P.

Bowdoin’s Portraits and Daguerreotype Rooms.  Removed over R. Pollard’s store on Centre street.  Perfect Miniatures taken in a few seconds, without regard to weather, by the Daguerreotype process.  Portraits painted, warranted to give satisfaction.  Call and see specimens—Exhibition Room open to all.

N. B. Mr. B. will give lessons, in Drawing, and painting in water colors, by a new system, taught in a few lessons.

Advertisement ran from June 25 to August 27, 1842                                                

1843 May 9.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  May 9, 1843, Vol. XLIII, No. 37, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  Messrs. Snell & Bowdoin respectfully inform the citizens of Salem and vicinity, that they have taken Rooms at Mechanic Hall, Essex street, for the purpose of taking Miniatures by Photography or Daguerreotype.  This new and beautiful art is now perfected to a degree hitherto unattained.  The most perfect facsimile of the human face divine, nearly giving the natural complexions can be taken by the sitting of a few seconds, in all weather.  This style of Miniatures is now the most beautiful and fashionable of the day; and is justly considered by many preferable to a painting.  The public are invited to call and examine specimens of our Miniatures and decide for themselves on their merits.  All who would preserve a valuable memento of themselves or friends, and transmit to their posterity an invaluable legacy, will do well to procure a Photographic likeness, of our production.  A perfect likeness warranted in all cases, at a cheaper rate and as beautiful a style as can be obtained elsewhere.  Miniatures neatly set in cases, lockets, or breastpins $2 to $6.  Groups taken.  Also, Miniatures from Portraits or Paintings.

1843 May 11.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  May 11, 1843, Vol. XLIII, No. 38, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  Messrs. Snell & Bowdoin respectfully inform the citizens of Salem and Vicinity, that they have taken rooms at Mechanic Hall, Essex street, for the purpose of taking Miniatures by Photography or Daguerreotype.  This new and beautiful art is now perfected to a degree hitherto unattained.  The most perfect facsimile of the human face divine, nearly giving the natural complexions can be taken by the sitting of a few seconds, in all weather.  This style of Miniatures is now the most beautiful and fashionable of the day; and is justly considered by many preferable to a painting.  The public are invited to call and examine specimens of our Miniatures and decide for themselves on their merits.  All who would preserve a valuable memento of themselves or friends, and transmit to their posterity an invaluable legacy, will do well to procure a Photographic likeness, of our production.  A perfect likeness warranted in all cases, at a cheaper rate and as beautiful a style as can be obtained.  elsewhere

Miniatures neatly set in cases, lockets, or breastpins $2 to $6.  Groups taken.  Also, Miniatures from Portraits or Paintings.  Also—Electro Magnetic Gilding and Silvering done.  By which newly discovered art any metallic surface, such as Watch and Pencil Cases, Spectacles, Jewelry, Spoons, &c. May be made to resemble pure Gold and Silver, much superior to any other process of Gilding. 

Daguerreotype and Gilding apparatus for sale.

Advertisement ran from May 11 to June 6, 1843.

1843 May 11.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  May 11, 1843, Vol. XLIII, No. 38, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  Messrs. Snell & Bowdoin respectfully inform the citizens of Salem and Vicinity, that they have taken rooms at Mechanic Hall, Essex street, for the purpose of taking Miniatures by Photography or Daguerreotype.  This new and beautiful art is now perfected to a degree hitherto unattained.  The most perfect facsimile of the human face divine, nearly giving the natural complexions can be taken by the sitting of a few seconds, in all weather.  This style of Miniatures is now the most beautiful and fashionable of the day; and is justly considered by many preferable to a painting.  The public are invited to call and examine specimens of our Miniatures and decide for themselves on their merits.  All who would preserve a valuable memento of themselves or friends, and transmit to their posterity an invaluable legacy, will do well to procure a Photographic likeness, of our production.  A perfect likeness warranted in all cases, at a cheaper rate and as beautiful a style as can be obtained.  elsewhere

Miniatures neatly set in cases, lockets, or breastpins $2 to $6.  Groups taken.  Also, Miniatures from Portraits or Paintings.  Also—Electro Magnetic Gilding and Silvering done.  By which newly discovered art any metallic surface, such as Watch and Pencil Cases, Spectacles, Jewelry, Spoons, &c. May be made to resemble pure Gold and Silver, much superior to any other process of Gilding. 

Daguerreotype and Gilding apparatus for sale.         

Advertisement ran from May 11 to June 1, 1843.

1843 May 15.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  May 15, 1843, Vol. XLIII, No. 39, P. 2.

The Daguerreotype.  Messrs.  Editors,—I would call the attention of your readers to some fine specimens of Daguerreotyping now exhibiting at the Mechanic Hall, by Messrs. Snell & Bowdoin.  These gentlemen have been experimenting for two or three years in this wonderful art, which is to be considered the greatest discovery of the present century, and the results they produce show great success.  Their miniatures are afforded at a very reasonable price, and are not faint drawings, wherein one is obliged to try all lights to discern the object, but are distinct and well defined pictures, and beautiful as the softest mezzotinto engraving, which Sartain himself would be glad to equal.  This art has attained such perfection that no person need forego possessing the image of a relative or a dear friend.  I think that these gentlemen produce the finest impressions I have seen except Southworth’s, who is acknowledged to be the best Daguerreotyper in the country, and whose miniatures command the highest price.            N. C.

1843 May 27.  The Locomotive An Independent Journal.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  May 27, 1843, Vol. 2, No. 4, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  Messrs. Snell & Bowdoin respectfully inform the citizens of Salem and Vicinity, that they have taken rooms at Mechanic Hall, Essex street, for the purpose of taking Miniatures by Photography or Daguerreotype.  This new and beautiful art is now perfected to a degree hitherto unattained.  The most perfect facsimile of the human face divine, nearly giving the natural complexions can be taken by the sitting of a few seconds, in all weather.  This style of Miniatures is now the most beautiful and fashionable of the day; and is justly considered by many preferable to a painting.  The public are invited to call and examine specimens of our Miniatures and decide for themselves on their merits.  All who would preserve a valuable memento of themselves or friends, and transmit to their posterity an invaluable legacy, will do well to procure a Photographic likeness, of our production.  A perfect likeness warranted in all cases, at a cheaper rate and as beautiful a style as can be obtained.  elsewhere

Miniatures neatly set in cases, lockets, or breast-pins $2 to $6.  Groups taken.  Also, Miniatures from Portraits or Paintings.  Also—Electro Magnetic Gilding and Silvering done.  By which newly discovered art any metallic surface, such as Watch and Pencil Cases, Spectacles, Jewelry, Spoons, &c. May be made to resemble pure Gold and Silver, much superior to any other process of Gilding. 

Daguerreotype and Gilding apparatus for sale.  Salem, May 13.

1843 June 15.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  June 15, 1843, Vol. XLIII, No. 48, P. 3. 

Daguerreotype, With Color!

We are happy to inform the citizens of Salem and Vicinity, that after many experiments, we have succeeded in giving the colors in Miniatures so as to add great beauty and distinctness to the picture, and obviate the objection hitherto brought against likenesses of this kind.

Ladies and gentlemen are invited to call and examine specimens, some of which, recently produced, have been pronounced by many superior to any they have ever before seen, taken in Boston or elsewhere.

Grateful for patronage received, they respectfully solicit its continuance.  Miniatures set in Cases or Lockets, from $2 to $10.  Rooms at Mechanic Hall Building, Essex St.            Wm. Snell,   W. L. Bowdoin

Advertisement ran from June 15, 1843 to January 11, 1844.

1844 February 29.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  February 29, 1844, Vol. XLIV, No. 18, P. 3.

Daguerreotype Miniatures, At Greatly Reduced Prices!  Room in the Mechanic Hall Building, directly over J. Marks & Son’s Fruit Store, (formerly occupied by Snell & Bowdoin.)

A Perfect Likeness warranted in all cases, at a cheaper rate and in as beautiful style as elsewhere.

The public are invited to call and examine specimens.  Rooms open at all hours of the day for visitors.

Miniatures, neatly set in Cases or Lockets from $2 to $6.  Groups taken.  Also, Miniatures from Portraits or other paintings.

Daguerreotype Apparatus for sale, and Instruction given as above by.  Thomas B. Masury

Advertisement ran from February 29 to April 22, 1844

1844 March 25.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.) March 225, 1844, Vol. XLIV, No. 25, P. 3.

Snell & Bowdoin, Daguerreotype Artists, Rooms at Mechanic Hall, Salem and at Lyceum Hall, Lynn.

Wm. Snell, informs the people of Salem and vicinity, that he has recently associated himself in business with David W. Bowdoin, an experienced artist in Portrait Painting and Daguerreotype.  Having recently procured improved apparatus, and overcome many of the difficulties in the business, by much experience, we are prepared to take Miniatures, in a style much superior to any thing taken here before, and in the opinion of good judges equal if not superior to any taken in Boston or elsewhere.

The impression is now so fixed as not to be easily erased, and so naturally colored as to add great distinctness and beauty to the picture.

Ladies and Gentlemen are invited to call and examine specimens, which we can assure them are of our own production, which is not the case with some who pretend to operate in Salem.

Miniatures set in Cases, Lockets, or Frames, at prices from $2.00 to $10.00. Old pictures re-taken in our improved style for $1.00.                                   

Advertisement ran from March 25 to April 22, 1844                                    

1844 April 5.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  April 5, 1844, Vol. XLIV, No. 28, P. 3.

Snell & Bowdoin, Daguerreotype Artists, Rooms at Mechanic Hall, Salem and at Lyceum Hall, Lynn.

Wm. Snell, informs the people of Salem and vicinity, that he has recently associated himself in business with David W. Bowdoin, an experienced artist in Portrait Painting and Daguerreotype.  Having recently procured improved apparatus, and overcome many of the difficulties in the business, by much experience, we are prepared to take Miniatures, in a style much superior to any thing taken here before, and in the opinion of good judges equal if not superior to any taken in Boston or elsewhere.

The impression is now so fixed as not to be easily erased, and so naturally colored as to add great distinctness and beauty to the picture.

Ladies and Gentlemen are invited to call and examine specimens, which we can assure them are of our own production, which is not the case with some who pretend to operate in Salem.

Miniatures set in Cases, Lockets, or Frames, at prices from $2.00 to $10.00.  Old pictures retaken in our improved style for $1,00.                                   

Advertisement ran from April 5 & 19, 1844

1844 May 13.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  May 13, 1844, Vol. XLIV, No. 369, P. 3.

Snell & Bowdoin, daguerreotype Artists, Rooms At Mechanic Hall.          

Advertisement ran from May 13 to June 10, 1844.

1844 June 17.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  June 17, 1844, Vol. XLIV, No. 49, P. 3. 

D. W. Bowdoin, Daguerreotype Artist.  Rooms at Mechanic Hall.  May 13.

Advertisement ran from June 17, 1844 to March 3, 1845.

1844 July 23.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  June 23, 1844, Vol. XLIV, No. 59, P. 3

D. W. Bowdoin, Daguerreotype Artist.  Rooms at Mechanic Hall.  May 13.

Advertisement ran from July 23, 1844 to March 7, 1845.

1844 December 2.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  December 22, 1844, Vol. XLIV, No. 97, P. 3.

Daguerreotype Miniatures.  D. W. Bowdoin would respectfully inform his friends and the public that he will close his rooms for a few weeks.  Persons who wish a true facsimile of themselves and friends, are invited to call immediately, as he will remain one week only from this date.   

Advertisement ran from December 2 & 5, 1844.

1845 March 11.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  March 11, 1845, Vol. 64, No. 20, P. 3.

Removal.  Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Rooms removed from Mechanic Hall to the adjoining building above 298 Essex street, where he has rooms built expressly for the purpose of taking Miniatures in any weather.

Mr. B. tenders his sincere thanks to his friends and the public, for their liberal patronage the past year and respectfully solicits the continuance of the public favor.  He has recently purchased a large Acromatic instrument for the purpose of taking Groups and Large Pictures, which enables him to give pictures of all sizes, equal to those taken in New York or Boston.  He has formed a connexion with an establishment in New York, from whence he receives all the new improvements, and materials connected with the Art, which will enable him to give better pictures for less price than can be obtained in Boston.

Miniatures set in every variety of Locket, Frames, Cases, &c.  Persons visiting the City, and those about going to sea, can have a perfect likeness completed in a few minutes’ time.

Miniatures set in a neat Morocco Case for $1.50.  Exhibition rooms open to visitors through the day.                                                                                                  

Advertisement ran from March 11 to June 3, 1845.

1845 March 13.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  March 13, 1845, Vol. XLV, No. 21, P. 3.

Removal.  Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Rooms removed from Mechanic Hall to the adjoining building above 298 Essex street, where he has rooms built expressly for the purpose of taking Miniatures in any weather.

Mr. B. tenders his sincere thanks to his friends and the public, for their liberal patronage the past year and respectfully solicits the continuance of the public favor.  He has recently purchased a large Acromatic instrument for the purpose of taking Groups and Large Pictures, which enables him to give pictures of all sizes, equal to those taken in New York or Boston.  He has formed a connexion with an establishment in New York, from whence he receives all the new improvements, and materials connected with the Art, which will enable him to give better pictures for less price than can be obtained in Boston.

Miniatures set in every variety of Locket, Frames, Cases, &c.  Persons visiting the City, and those about going to sea, can have a perfect likeness completed in a few minutes’ time.  Miniatures set in a neat Morocco Case for $1.50.  Exhibition rooms open to visitors through the day.                                   

Advertisement ran from March 13 to June 2, 1845.

1845 May 17.  Danvers Courier.  (Danvers, Massachusetts.)  May 17, 1845, Vol. 1, No. 9, P. 4.

Removal.  Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Rooms removed from Mechanic Hall to the adjoining building above 298 Essex street, where he has rooms built expressly for the purpose of taking Miniatures in any weather.

Mr. B. tenders his sincere thanks to his friends and the public, for their liberal patronage the past year and respectfully solicits the continuance of the public favor.  He has recently purchased a large Acromatic instrument for the purpose of taking Groups and Large Pictures, which enables him to give pictures of all sizes, equal to those taken in New York or Boston.  He has formed a connexion with an establishment in New York, from whence he receives all the new improvements, and materials connected with the Art, which will enable him to give better pictures for less price than can be obtained in Boston.

Miniatures set in every variety of Locket, Frames, Cases, &c.  Persons visiting Salem, and those about going to sea, can have a perfect likeness completed in a few minutes’ time.    Miniatures set in a neat Morocco Case for $1.50.  Exhibition rooms open to visitors through the day.                                                                                      

1845 June 5.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  June 5, 1845, Vol. XLV, No. 45, P. 4

D. W. Bowdoin, Daguerreotype Artist, Rooms at No. 289 Essex street.  Miniatures set in every variety of Case and Frames, at prices from 1.50 to $10.  Old pictures taken.  Miniatures taken from Portraits, &c.             

Advertisement ran from June 5, 1845 to March 5, 1846.

1845 June 6.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  June 6, 1845, Vol. 64, No. 45, P. 3.

D. W. Bowdoin, Daguerreotype Artist, Rooms 289 Essex Street.  Miniatures taken all sizes, and set in Frames, Case, Lockets, &c.  Prices from $1.50 to $10.  Rooms open to visitors through the day.                                            

Advertisement ran from June 6, 1845 to April 24, 1846

1846 April 16.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  April 16, 1846, Vol. XLVI, No. 31, P. 3.

Something New.  At Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Rooms.  289 Essex St., one door West of Mechanic Hall.  Mr. Bowdoin takes this opportunity to return his sincere thanks to his friends and the public for their liberal patronage the past year.  He has recently disposed of his establishment in Boston, and will now give his undivided attention to business in Salem.  He has furnished his Rooms with the new improved German Instruments, in connection with other valuable improvements in the art, and is making a fine collection of pictures for public exhibition.

Mr. B.’s long experience in the business, the improvements now making, and the conveniences of his Rooms, (having them built for the express purpose) he hopes will merit the continuance of public favor, and induce him to make this his permanent place of business.  No effort will be spared to give satisfaction.

Miniatures taken large or small, and set in every variety of Frames, Lockets, Cases, etc.  Gold Lockets kept for sale.  Exhibition Rooms open to visitors through the day.            

Advertisement ran from April 16 to December 14, 1846.

1846 April 21.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  April 21, 1846, Vol. 65, No. 32, P. 3.

Something New At Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Rooms, 289 Essex street, one door west of Mechanic Hall.  Mr. Bowdoin takes this opportunity to return his sincere thanks to his friends and the public for their liberal patronage the past year.  He has recently disposed of his Establishment in Boston, and will now give his undivided attention to business in Salem.  He has furnished his Room with the new improved German Instruments, in connection with other valuable improvements in the Art, and is making a fine collection of pictures for public exhibition.

Mr. B.’s long experience in the business, the improvements now making, and the conveniences of his Rooms, (having them built for the express purpose) he hopes will merit the continuance of public favor, and induce him to make this his permanent place of business.  No efforts will be spared to give satisfaction.

Miniatures taken large or small, and set in every variety of Frames, Lockets, Cases, etc.  Gold Lockets kept for sale.  Exhibition Rooms open to visitors during the day.                             

Advertisement ran from April 21 to December 15, 1846

1846 December 21.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  December 21, 1846, Vol. XLVI, No. 102, P. 3.

Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Gallery, (Removed to No. 208 Essex Street, opposite the market,)

Where he has fitted a large and convenient Room with an excellent sky light, by means of which he is enabled to take impressions almost instantaneously, and with ease to the eye of the sitter; thus avoiding the unpleasant expression so common in Daguerreotype Likenesses taken by the usual side light.  Mr. B. has recently obtained one of the largest instruments now in use for taking Family Groups, copying Portrait Miniatures, Landscape, &c., without reversing.  No labor nor expense is spared in obtaining all the valuable improvements in the art.  He warrants his pictures not to fade, and to retain their brilliancy.  Miniatures taken without regard to weather. 

Small Children’s taken in Fair weather instantly.  An assortment of Gold and Plated Lockets, Frames, Cases, &c., kept for sale.  Prices varying according to the different size and style of sitting.  Open to Visitors through the day.                                                                      

Advertisement ran from December 21, 1846 to December 4, 1847.

1846 December 22.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  December 22, 1846, Vol. 65, No. 102, P. 3.

Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Gallery, Removed to No. 208 Essex Street, opposite the market,

Where he has fitted a large and convenient Room with an excellent sky light, by means of which he is enabled to take impressions almost instantaneously, and with ease to the eye of the sitter; thus avoiding the unpleasant expression so common in Daguerreotype Likenesses taken by the usual side light.  Mr. B. has recently obtained one of the largest instruments now in use for taking Family Groups, copying Portrait Miniatures, Landscape, &c., without reversing.  No labor nor expense is spared in obtaining all the valuable improvements in the art.  He warrants his pictures not to fade, and to retain their brilliancy.  Miniatures taken without regard to weather. 

Small Children’s taken in Fair weather instantly.  An assortment of Gold and Plated Lockets, Frames, Cases, &c., kept for sale.  Prices varying according to the different size and style of sitting.  Open to Visitors through the day.                                                                                  

Advertisement ran from December 21 to December 29, 1846   

1846 December 24.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  December 24, 1846, Vol. XLVI, No. 103, P. 2.

Daguerreotype Gallery.  It will be seen, by reference to the advertisement on our first page, that Mr. Bowdoin has removed to No. 208 Essex street, opposite the City Market, where he is prepared to wait upon all who may favor him with their patronage, and promises a good picture, or no pay.  The favorable opportunity now offered to obtain a handsome Miniature Likeness, on reasonable terms, should not be overlooked by those who wish to present their friends with a most acceptable holiday gift.  Such a gift would be more highly prized and more fondly cherished than any we could bestow, and would be remembered when all other presents were forgotten.

1846 December 29.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  December 29, 1846, Vol. 65, No. 104, N. P.

Daguerreotype Gallery.  It will be seen, by reference to the advertisement on our first page, that Mr. Bowdoin has removed to No. 208 Essex street, opposite the City Market, where he is prepared to wait upon all who may favor him with their patronage.

1847 April 10.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  April 10, 1847, Vol. 66, No. 43, P. 2.

Daguerreotype Miniatures.  Those in want of good likenesses of themselves or friends, may obtain one by calling at Mr. Masury’s new establishment in Lyade place.—he has already taken some very striking and beautiful miniatures, and his collection is worth examining.  See advertisement.

Our friend Bowdoin, still continues at his establishment, on Essex street opposite the Market, where Daguerreotype likenesses are taken in his usual accurate and striking manner.  See his notice in another column.

1847 April 16.  Lynn News.  (Lynn, Massachusetts.)  April 16, 1847, Vol. 3, No. 16, P. 3. 

Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Portrait Rooms, 289 Essex street.  Pictures, large or small, taken equally well in clear or cloudy weather; set in frames, lockets, &-c. Completed in a few minutes time.

Rooms open to visitors through the day, at either place.  Instruments and materials kept for sale; instruction given, &-c.

1847 December 9.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  December 9, 1847, Vol. XLVIII, No. 98, P. 3. 

Improvements In The daguerreotype Art!  Bowdoin’s Rooms, 208 Essex Street. … (opposite the Market.)

Mr. B. takes this opportunity to express his gratitude to the public for their liberal patronage the past year, and respectfully solicits a continuance of their favor.  Notwithstanding the number of rooms that have been opened, and the Great effort which has been made by itinerant Artists, to excite the public with cheap pictures, his business has exceeded that of any former year.  He does not intend to vary in his prices, but to regulate his charges so as to receive a fair remuneration, that will enable him to live by his profession, and also to make pictures that will be of permanent to the purchaser.  He has a new method of operating, which produces a strong, clear impression, with a perfect eye, pure white and black in the drapery, better proportions to the figure, with all the softness of a fine engraving.  He has been at much expense in fitting up a fine suite of rooms, with a superior arrangement of light, and every desirable convenience for the business and spares no pains or expense in procuring all the valuable improvements, and will insure as good a picture as can be obtained in this country. 

He has one of the largest instruments now used to take family groups; and cabinet portraits and miniatures of all sizes, set in Cases, Lockets, &c.  Portraits copied; also, Miniatures without reversing.

Pictures warranted to give satisfaction and not fade—taken without regard to weather.  Exhibition Room open to visitors through the day.                                                        

Advertisement ran from December 9, 1847 to January 13, 1848.

1847 December 18.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  December 18, 1847, Vol. 66, No. 149, n. p. 

Improvements In The daguerreotype Art!  Bowdoin’s Rooms, 208 Essex Street. … (opposite the Market.)

Mr. B. takes this opportunity to express his gratitude to the public for their liberal patronage the past year, and respectfully solicits a continuance of their favor.  Notwithstanding the number of rooms that have been opened, and the Great effort which has been made by itinerant Artists, to excite the public with cheap pictures, his business has exceeded that of any former year.  He does not intend to vary in his prices, but to regulate his charges so as to receive a fair remuneration, that will enable him to live by his profession, and also to make pictures that will be of permanent to the purchaser.  He has a new method of operating, which produces a strong, clear impression, with a perfect eye, pure white and black in the drapery, better proportions to the figure, with all the softness of a fine engraving.  He has been at much expense in fitting up a fine suite of rooms, with a superior arrangement of light, and every desirable convenience for the business and spares no pains or expense in procuring all the valuable improvements, and will insure as good a picture as can be obtained in this country. 

He has one of the largest instruments now used to take family groups; and cabinet portraits and miniatures of all sizes, set in Cases, Lockets, &c.  Portraits copied; also, Miniatures without reversing.

Pictures warranted to give satisfaction and not fade—taken without regard to weather.  Exhibition Room open to visitors through the day.                                                        

Advertisement ran from December 18, 1847 to January 15, 1848

1847 December 25.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  December 25, 1847, Vol. LL, No. 152, P. 2.

Holiday Gifts.  In this season of Holiday Gifts, we have thought it might serve the interests of our advertising friends to make a slight reference to some of their commodities, which might come into use on such an occasion.—…Messrs. Bowdoin and Masury furnish those pleasantest of memorials, lifelike portraits….

1848 January 17.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  January 17, 1848, Vol. LIX, No. 5, P. 3.

Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Gallery, 208 Essex Street, 208 (Opposite the Market.)

This establishment being permanently located, the Rooms and light arranged expressly for the business, is furnished with the largest and best achromatic Instruments made, and every desirable convenience, for taking Groups, Cabinet Portraits, and Miniatures of all sizes.

No pains or expense is spared in obtaining all the new and valuable improvements in the art.

Pictures warranted equal in execution and fidelity to any produced in the country.

Lockets, Frames, Cases, etc., for sale

Exhibition Rooms open to visitors.

Advertisement ran from January 17, 1848 to October 20, 1851.

1848 January 18.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  January 18, 1848, Vol. 2, No. 8, P. 3. 

Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Gallery, 208—Essex Street—208 (Opposite the Market)

This Establishment being permanently located, the Rooms and light arranged expressly for the business, is furnished with the largest and best achromatic Instruments made, and every desirable convenience, for taking Groups, Cabinet Portraits, and Miniatures of all sizes.

No pains or expense is spared in obtaining all the new and valuable improvements in the art.

Pictures warranted equal in execution and fidelity to any produced in the country.

Lockets, Frames, Cases, etc., for sale

Exhibition Rooms open to visitors.

Advertisement ran from January 18, 1848 to December 19, 1848.

1848 March 1.  Salem Daily Chronicle.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  March 1, 1848, Vol. 1, No. 1, P. 3.

Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Gallery, 208—Essex Street—208 (Opposite the Market)

This Establishment being permanently located, the Rooms and light arranged expressly for the business, is furnished with the largest and best achromatic Instruments made, and every desirable convenience, for taking Groups, Cabinet Portraits, and Miniatures of all sizes.

No pains or expense is spared in obtaining all the new and valuable improvements in the art.

Pictures warranted equal in execution and fidelity to any produced in the country.

Lockets, Frames, Cases, etc., for sale

Exhibition Rooms open to visitors.

Advertisement ran from March 1 to May 19, 1848.

1848 April 1.  The Oracle.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  April 1, 1848, Vol. 1, No. 3, P. 3.

Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Gallery, 208—Essex Street—208 (Opposite the Market)

This Establishment being permanently located, the Rooms and light arranged expressly for the business, is furnished with the largest and best achromatic Instruments made, and every desirable convenience, for taking Groups, Cabinet Portraits, and Miniatures of all sizes.

No pains or expense is spared in obtaining all the new and valuable improvements in the art.

Pictures warranted equal in execution and fidelity to any produced in the country.

Lockets, Frames, Cases, etc., for sale

Exhibition Rooms open to visitors.

Advertisement ran from April 1 to July 1, 1848.

1849 July 3.  Salem Gazette.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  July 3, 1848, Vol. 3, No. 78, P.3. 

Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Gallery, 208—Essex Street—208 (Opposite the Market)

This Establishment being permanently located, the Rooms and light arranged expressly for the business, is furnished with the largest and best achromatic Instruments made, and every desirable convenience, for taking Groups, Cabinet Portraits, and Miniatures of all sizes.

No pains or expense is spared in obtaining all the new and valuable improvements in the art.

Pictures warranted equal in execution and fidelity to any produced in the country.

Lockets, Frames, Cases, etc., for sale

Exhibition Rooms open to visitors.

Advertisement ran from July 3, 1849 to March 5, 1850.

1849 September 27.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  September 27, 1849, Vol. L, No. 78, P. 2

The Mechanics Fair.  The Fair at mechanics Hall was open to the public on Monday afternoon, and every day has added to its attractions… A case of Daguerreotypes, in the best style of the art, from Bowdoin’s establishment.

1849 October 6.  Salem Observer.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  October 6, 1849, Vol. XXVII, No. 40, P. 2.

For The Observer.  Fine Arts In Salem.  The exhibition of Statuary, Paintings and Crayon Drawing, in the late “Mechanics Fair,” must be gratifying to all those who are interested in the Institution, and in the reputation of our city.  Salem has furnished artist of distinction in years past.–…

Mr. Bowdoin, the Daguerreotypist , produces specimens of that art not excelled if equalled in the United States…

1849 October 11.  The Daily Chronotype.  (Boston, Massachusetts.)  October 11, 1849, Vol. 7, No. 168, P. 2.

City Items.  Hotel Robbery.—A man engaged lodgings at the Essex House in Salem on Tuesday evening and booked his name as “Daniel Boyd.”  In the morning, H. B. Groves, book-keeper of the Commercial Bank, a boarder at the house, discovered that he had been robbed of a gold watch and valuable diamond pin; another boarder of the Essex, Mr. D. W. Bowdoin, was also robber of a watch and a pocket-book containing $50.  Boyd was the only stranger who lodged in the house.  Search was mad for him and when found he was just about to leave in the first train for this city, but at the request of Mr. Levaitt, the landlord, he returned to the Essex House and submitted to a search without a warrant.  Nothing being found upon his person he was allowed to go.  He took the second train for this city.  At the depot he took a cab and was conveyed to the Post Office, from there he strolled a circuitous route to the Common, where he met two notorious thieves, well known to the Police.  At this point Officer Starkweather joined the two and invited them to visit the Marshal’s Office to which place he very politely performed escort.  They were then searched, but nothing of a suspicious character was found upon them.  The two men who met Boyd upon the Common are known to the Police by the name of Wilson and Walker.  The former is husband to Elizabeth Wilson, (who, by the way, is sister to Mrs. Edgerton,) [panel] thief, arrested in this city some time since for robbing a New York Merchant of a large sum of money, an account of which we gave at the time of the Edgerton affair.  The latter is one of the thieves arrested two years ago for stealing cotton from one of our wharves, for which he was sent one year to the House of Correction.  They were all three shown up to the Police at 2 o’clock, and then Wilson and Walker were set at liberty, and Boyd was taken back to Salem.  They are all Englishman.

If all stories are true, Boyd escaped from the Sing State Prison not long since, where he was sent for a term of years for robbery.

1850 January 3.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  January 3, 1850, Vol. LI, No.1, P.2.

Mechanic’s Fair.  The Report of the Committees in relation to the First Fair of the Mechanic Association, held at the Mechanic Hall, in September last, have just been published in a pamphlet of 83 pages, from the Freeman office, being prepared for the press by the secretary, E. M. Dalton.  We copy from the Freeman the awards made to Essex County Contributors.  The Report of the Managers says that fifty-four silver medals and one hundred and fifty-two diplomas have been awarded, but the will be ready for delivery in the early part of this month.  D. W. Bowdoin , Daguerreotypes.  Silver Medal.  Bowdoin was the only person awarded a medal or diploma for daguerreotypes in Essex Country.

1850 April 26.  Lynn News.  (Lynn, Massachusetts.)  April 26, 1850, Vol. 7, No. 17, P. 4. 

Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Gallery, 208—Essex Street—208 (opposite the Market)

This Establishment being permanently located, the rooms and light arranged expressly for the business, is furnished with the largest and best achromatic Instruments made, and every desirable convenience, for taking Groups, Cabinet Portraits, and Miniatures of all sizes.

No pains or expense is spared in obtaining all the new and valuable improvements in the art.

Pictures warranted equal in execution and fidelity to any produced in the country.

Lockets, Frames, Cases, etc., for sale

Exhibition Rooms open to visitors.

1851 October 20.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  October 20, 1851, Vol. LII, No. 84, P. 3. 

Miscellaneous.  Daguerrean Art.  Bowdoin’s New Rooms, No. 241 Essex Street, (A few doors above Washington Street).

Mr. B. is now prepared to take Pictures at his new Rooms, which are fitted up with a fine arrangement of light, and every convenience which ten years experience in the business could desire.  The Reception and Exhibition Rooms are on the ground floor.  No expense has been spared (or will be) in obtaining all the new improvements in the art.

Particular attention paid to copying Portraits and Miniatures.  A good assortment of Gold Lockets, Cases, Frames, &c. For sale at the lowest prices.  Exhibition Room open to the public.

Advertisement ran from October 20, 1851 to February 16, 1852.

1851 November 10.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  November 10, 1851, Vol. LII, No. 90, P. 3. 

Illuminated Daguerrean Pictures.  D. W. Bowdoin 

Is now taking some beautiful likenesses with illuminated back grounds (an invention of his own, for which he received a Silver Medal at the Mechanics’ Fair) a style much superior to the Crayon, in brilliancy of tone and perspective.  Specimens to be seen at his New Rooms, 241 Essex street.

Advertisement ran from November 10, 1851 to February 5, 1852.

1851 November 10.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  November 10, 1851, Vol. LII, No. 90, P. 3. 

Paintings and Engravings, A Choice collection—for sale at Bowdoin’s New Daguerrean Rooms, 241 Essex street, a few doors above Washington street.

Advertisement ran from November 10, 1851 to February 5, 1852.

1852 February 16.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  February 16, 1852, Vol. LIII, No. 14, P. 3.

Miscellaneous.  Removal.  Daguerreotype Rooms D. W. Bowdoin.  Has removed from his Old Rooms opposite the Market, to No. 241 Essex Street, ( A few doors above Washington street), where he has built one of the best arranged Establishments in New England, for taking Likenesses and Pictures in every style of the Art.  — Also—

Has formed a Co-Partnership with James Cremer, for the sale of Daguerreotype Goods of every description.  Artists are respectfully invited to call and examine our select Stock of Goods.  Instruction Given in the Art.              Cremer & Bowdoin

Advertisement ran from February 16 to July 12, 1852

1852 February 19.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  February 19, 1852, Vol. LIII, No. 15, P. 3.

Notice.  Wm. Snell would give notice that he has newly and pleasantly fitted up the Daguerreotype Rooms formerly occupied by Mr. Bowdoin, 208 Essex st. (opposite the Market) where he will be happy to receive visitors or customers who may be interested to see or obtain Daguerreotype Likenesses executed true to Nature; and in a style as elegant and perfect as can be had elsewhere.

Family Groups of any number can be taken on large size plates; and other pictures of any size or style usually taken by this beautiful Art.

Portraits or Daguerreotypes accurately copied.

Advertisement ran from February 19, 1852 to November 21, 1853.

1852 June 14.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  June 14, 1842, Vol. LIII, No. 49, P. 3.

Dissolution of Copartnership.  The Copartnership heretofore existing under the firm of Cremer & Bowdoin is this day dissolved by mutual consent.  James Cremer, D. W. Bowdoin, Salem , June 9, 1852.

James Cremer & Co.  Are authorized to settle all claims against, and receive all debts due the said firm of Cremer & Bowdoin, at 144 Washington Street, Boston, where they are now fitting up a sales room, and will open a large and select stock of Daguerreotype Goods of every description.  The attention of Artists is respectfully invited.  Orders promptly attended to.  James Cremer & Co.                                                                         

Advertisement ran from June 14 to July 12, 1852

1852 July 15.  Salem Register. (Salem, Massachusetts.)  July 15, 1852, Vol. LIII, No. 58, P. 3.

Miscellaneous.  New System of Daguerreotyping.  D. W. Bowdoin.  Has recently made some valuable improvements in taking Likenesses and Pictures without reversing the figures, (the right heretofore always appearing on the left in the picture) which has always been a great defect in Daguerreotypes.

Pictures also taken with the beautiful illuminated back ground, without reversing.  The latest method gives a depth and softness of tone, which is unsurpassed for its beautiful effect.

Call and see, at Bowdoin’s new Rooms, No. 241 Essex Street, a few doors above Washington street.            The best hours for taking pictures are in the morning between 9 and 1.  Particular attention paid to copying Daguerreotypes and Pictures.  Gold Lockets, Cases, Frames, &c. For sale.                                                            

Advertisement ran from July 15 to November 22, 1852.

1852 September 9.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  September 9, 1852, Vol. LIII, No. 74, P. 3. 

Miscellaneous.  Felton’s Daguerrean Establishment.  Over J. C. & H. Cogswell’s Store, 179 Essex Street.  Entrance on Central Street.

The subscriber, for the last four years an assistant to Mr. D. W. Bowdoin, respectfully notifies his friends and the public that he has taken the above named spacious and convenient rooms for Daguerreotype purposes, and he invites the attention of all who wish for beautiful and life-like pictures of themselves or their friends.

Having availed himself of all the latest improvements in the art, and being favored with a light which enables him to take likenesses in any weather, the subscriber hopes to receive that share of encouragement which it will be his earnest aim to merit by an assiduous attention to his business, and by his constant endeavors to give satisfaction.

Likenesses taken at the residences of those who cannot conveniently visit the room.  Daguerreotypes and pictures copied at short notice.  The public are invited to call an examine specimens.  G. W. Felton, Jr.                                                                                  

Advertisement ran from September 9, 1852 to November 21, 1853

1852 November 22.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  November 22, 1852, Vol. LIII, No. 95, N. P.

 Miscellaneous.  Watches, Jewelry, Silver & Plated Ware, Fancy Goods, &c.  New Store and New Stock.  D. W. Bowdoin, No. 241 Essex Street, Salem, (Opposite the Store of Asa C. Dix.)

Having fitted the store under his Daguerrian Rooms, and stocked it with a fine selection of the above goods, is prepared to offer to his friends and the public as large an Assortment of Rich Goods, and at as Low Prices, as can be found in the city.

Mr. Geo. H. Currier will superintend the Store, also the Manufacturing and repairing of Watches, Clocks, and all kinds of Jewelry.  Silvering and Galvanizing done to order.

Daguerreotypes.  Mr. Bowdoin Will continue to give his personal attention to taking Likenesses, as heretofore.  His facilities are now unsurpassed by any Establishment in New England, for taking Pictures in every style of the art.                                     

Advertisement ran from November 22, 1852 to May 16, 1853.

1853 December 22.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  December 22, 1853, Vol. LIV, No. 102, P. 3.

Look in at Bowdoin’s, 241 Essex Street.  And see the new beautiful Goods for Christmas and New Year’s Presents.

Fine Gold Lockets.  A Splendid assortment just received at Bowdoin’s.

Watches!  Watches!!  Large assortment of fine Gold and Silver Watches; Fine assortment of Ladies’ Watches, selling at very low prices at Bowdoin’s, 241 Essex st.

1854 January 16.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  January 16, 1854, Vol. LV, No. 5, P. 2.

A Tip-Top Razor and Daguerreotype.  The “Armory Razor,” manufactured by John Heiffor, Sheffield, and sold at Bowdoin’s Bowdoin’s Jewelry and Fancy Goods store, No. 241 Essex street, is keen, and no mistake.  It is extensively used by the officers of the English army and navy, (who certify to its merits,) and will shave a plain republican with just as good a relish as a smooth an edge.  It isn’t much to look at, so far as the adornment of beauty is concerned, but it’s a “grand’un to go,” and was evidently made for service.  Added to its other merits is the very important one of cheapness.

After securing one of these razors, an additional pleasure may be obtained by an examination of Bowdoin’s Daguerreotype Gallery, in the same building.  The perfection to which he has attained in the production of photographic pictures, is not surpassed by any Daguerreotypist that we know of; and we are quite sure that there is no need to go out of Salem to procure as beautiful specimens of the art as can be produced any where in the country.  He also furnishes the new stereoscopic style, in which he has been admirably successful.

1854 January 16.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  January 16, 1854, Vol. LV, No. 5, P. 3. 

Razors.  Razors that are Razors.  The Army Razor.  So called, from the universal preference given them by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty: The distinguished officers of the staff of the English army; Her Majesty’s board of ordnance the Honorable the East India Company, &c.

The best and cheapest Razor in the world; manufactured by John Heiffors, Paradise square, Sheffield.

You Can Get Them In 2 Weeks; if they are not what they are purport, return them and get your money.  Price 75 cts. only.

Sold at Bowdoin’s Jewelry and Fancy Goods store, No. 241 Essex street.         Jan. 9.

1854 December 23.  Boston Daily Evening Transcript.  (Boston, Massachusetts.)  December 23, 1854, P. 2.

A New Art, termed Ambrotype,—a beautiful and permanent picture taken on Glass, which is a great improvement in Photography, and must eventually supersede the Daguerreotype.  Letters patent have been granted in the United States, Great Britain, and France, to J. A. Cutting, firm of Cutting & Bowdoin, Artists in Photography, 49 Tremont street, Boston, where specimens can be seen.

1854 December 28.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  December 28, 1854, Vol. LV, No. 104, P. 2.

Ambrotype Likenesses.—The most valuable improvement in the art of producing likenesses has recently been introduced by Messrs. Cutting & Bowdoin, in this city.  The picture is taken upon plate glass, after which a similar glass is placed over it, and the two are cemented together by an indestructible gum, rendering the picture entirely impervious to atmospheric influence, and securing to it the most; perfect durability.  The great superiority of this new process is manifest, inasmuch as by it the most perfect, minute, and life-like delineations are produced, either in miniature or of full size, and capable of retaining a perpetual brilliancy.  The pictures are not reversed, as in the ordinary daguerreotyping process, and they are immediately perceptible in any light without the necessity of change of position.  Mr. Cutting, the senior partner, is the inventor of the process, and patents have already been secured in the United States, Great Britain, and France.  It may with perfect truth be urged that this is the most important discovery in the art of photography that has yet been made.  Mr. Cutting is associated in the business with Mr. D. W. Bowdoin, of Salem, a celebrated daguerreotype artist, who has thoroughly acquainted himself with the principles of the new invention.

The rooms of the firm, at No. 49 Tremont street, are fitted up in fine style, and are now ready for the reception of visitors.  Numerous specimens of likenesses and other pictures are conveniently arranged for inspection.  A visit to the establishment cannot fail to be gratifying in the highest degree to all who derive pleasure from the progress and improvement of the beautiful in art.

Reprinted from the Boston Atlas.

1855 February 8.  The New York Reformer.  (Watertown, New York.)  February 8, 1855, Vol. 5, No. 21, P. 2.

Ambrotype Likenesses.—The most valuable improvement in the art of producing likenesses has recently been introduced by Messrs. Cutting & Bowdoin, of Boston.  The picture is taken upon plate glass, after which a similar glass is placed over it, and the two are cemented together by an indestructible gum, rendering the picture entirely impervious to atmospheric influence, and securing to it the most; perfect durability.  The great superiority of this new process is manifest, inasmuch as by it the most perfect, minute, and life-like delineations are produced, either in miniature or of full size, and capable of retaining a perpetual brilliancy.  The pictures are not reversed, as in the ordinary daguerreotyping process, and they are immediately perceptible in any light without the necessity of change of position.  Mr. Cutting, the senior partner, is the inventor of the process, and patents have already been secured in the United States, Great Britain, and France.  It may with perfect truth be urged that this is the most important discovery in the art of photography that has yet been made.

1855 April 30.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  April 30, 1855, Vol. LVI, No. 35, P. 3. 

Miscellaneous.  Ambrotype and Mezzograph Pictures!  D. A. Clifford would respectfully inform the people of Salem and vicinity, that he has taken the Daguerreotype Rooms formerly occupied by Mr. D. W. Bowdoin, No. 241 Essex st., and is prepared to take the above pictures.

The following explanation will convince all of the superiority of the Pictures:—Explanation.

The term Ambrotypes, by which the pictures are designated is derived from the Greek word ambrotos, signifying durability, overlasting, &c.  The picture is taken upon plate glass, over which is placed a corresponding glass, the two being united by an indestructible gum enabling the picture to retain its brilliancy for ages.  It will not corrode at sea, or change in any climate; is beautiful in tone, bold and clear in its effect, and may be seen in any light.

Mezzograph is an improvement on the Crystalotype process, taking the picture from real life, instead of copying from a Daguerreotype, and in less time, greatly improving the tone, and all the finer details of the picture.

The Ambrotype is patented in the United States, Great Britain and France by Mr. James A. Cutting, of Boston.

The public are invited to call and examine specimens, at my Gallery, 241 Essex street, Salem.

N. B.—The Ambrotype process is particularly adapted to taking children, as the sitting is less than one quarter the time in the usual way.  Particular attention given to copying Pictures.       

Advertisement ran from April 30 to October 25, 1855

1855 July 12.  Salem Register.  (Salem, Massachusetts.)  July 12, 1855, Vol. LVI, No. 56, P. 2.

Ambrotypes.  We would call the attention of those who wish to procure a good likeness and never changing picture, to the Ambrotype made by Mr. D. A. Clifford, at No. 241 Essex street, (formerly Mr. D. B. Bowdoin’s rooms.)  These pictures have become exceedingly popular, from the fact that they are the only pictures that will not fade or change in any climate or at sea, being taken upon plate glass, over which is placed a corresponding glass, (experiments having proved that pictures put up on a single glass are worthless,) the two surfaces being united by an indestructible gum, virtually making the picture in one solid plate of glass.  Besides, the picture is not reversed, and can be seen in any light.

1855 September 18.  New York Daily Tribune.  (New York, New York.)  September 18, 1855, Vol. XV, No. 4497, P. 7.

Mr. Editor:  Having seen in the New-York papers several notices of persons who say they are making Ambrotypes, I would respectfully state that neither of those persons are making, or have the right to make Ambrotypes, and all persons in New-York City, or elsewhere, who are making single glass pictures, and selling them as Ambrotypes, are deceiving the public and obtaining money under false pretenses.  Tomlinson, No. 373 Broadway is the only person who makes Ambrotypes in New-York City.  A. Millet, Agent for Cutting & Bowdoin.

1855 September 28.  New York Daily Tribune.  (New York, New York.)  September 28, 1855, Vol. XV, No. 4506, P. 7.

Ambrotype patent.—This is to certify that we have sold the exclusive right for taking Ambrotypes in the City of New York and on Long Island to Mr. Wm. A. Tomlinson, No. 373 Broadway.  Caution—The term Ambrotype was originated as a trademark to designate our Patent Pictures, which are hermetically sealed by fir balsam, or its equivalent cement, between two glasses or other pates.  Any application of this term to pictures upon single glass plates is therefore, an infringement of our rights, injures our business, and involves the user in liability for damages.  Cutting & Bowdoin, Proprietors of Ambrotype Patent, Boston.

1855 December 29.  Ballou’s Pictorial Drawing Room Companion.  (Boston, Massachusetts.)  December 29, 1855, P. 412.

Illustration of Col. Enoch Train, Esq. From an original photograph by D. W. Bowdoin.

1856 June 7.  Ballou’s Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion.  (Boston, Massachusetts.)  June 7, 1856, P. 364

Illustration of Benjamin P. Shillaber, poet and humorist from an Ambrotype by Cutting & Bowdoin.

1856 September.  Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association.  September 1856, N. P.

Received a Diploma for Ambrotypes at the Eighth Exhibition of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association.

1856 September 30.  Portland Weekly Advertiser.  (Portland, Maine.)  September 30, 1856, Vol. 56, No. 40, P. 3.

Re-issue of the Ambrotype Patent.  The great merit of the Ambrotype Pictures has been most signally shown, by the united efforts of some of the principal Daguerreotypist to break down and prevent a re-issue of the Patent.  They have been defeated by the Government in their attempts, and a new patent has been issued, covering the entire claims of the Patentee, in making pictures on Glass, and hermetically sealing them between two plates of glass, with Balsam of Fir or its equivalent, giving exceeding brilliancy and beauty of tone, which cannot be affected by the atmosphere, water, or acids; making it as enduring as the glass in which it is secured.

The word Ambrotype, coined expressly to designate the Picture, is also patented.  All persons, not having purchased the rights, that are making use of the term, and covered with varnish and black paint, will be prosecuted to the full extent of the law.

The genuine Pictures all have the patent stamp.  Cutting & Bowdoin, The Originators And Proprietors.

R. Adams, 163 Middle Street, Has the exclusive right of the Patent, and Ambrotypes can be had at no other rooms in this city.

Advertisement ran from September 30 to December 30, 1856.

1858 May 4.  Nantucket Inquire.  (Nantucket, Massachusetts.)  May 4, 1858, Vol. 38, No. 140, P. 4.

Re-Issue of the Ambrotype Patent.  The great merit of the Ambrotype Pictures has been most signally shown by the united efforts of some of the Principal Daguerreotypists to break down and prevent a re-issue of the Patent.  They have been defeated by the Government in their attempts, and a new Patent has been issued, covering the entire claims of the Patentee, in making pictures on Glass, and hermetically sealing them between two plates of glass, with Balsam of Fir or its equivalent, giving exceeding brilliancy and beauty of tone, which cannot be effected by the atmosphere, water or acids: making it as enduring as the glass in which it is secured.

* *The word Ambrotype coined expressly to designate the Picture, is also patented.  All persons not having purchased the rights, that are making use of the term to sell a worthless imitation, taken on a single glass, and covered with varnish and black paint, will be prosecuted to the full extent of the law.

The genuine Pictures all have the patent stamp Cutting & Bowdoin, the originators and Proprietors.

Atwater, Professor John

Daguerreotypes, , , , ,

1849-1851       Opposite Chicopee Bank, Springfield, Massachusetts.

1849                8 Foots Block, Springfield, Massachusetts.

1851                26 Foots Block, Springfield, Massachusetts.

1848 June 7.  Daily Republican. (Springfield, Massachusetts.)  Vol. 5, No. 134,  P. 3. 

Phototypes.  Specimens of this wonderful art may be seen at Cooley’s Hampden Daguerrian Gallery, opposite Chicopee Bank, every  day.—Those desiring truthful likenesses of themselves and friends, can be accommodated on the most reasonable terms.

Having secured the services of Professor Atwater, the short man, he will be always in readiness to wait on visitors, and show them the curiosities of the establishment.

Miniatures taken at all hours of the day.  O. H. Cooley.                       

Advertisement ran from June 7 to August 15, 1848

1849 May 5.  Daily Republican.  (Springfield, Massachusetts.)  Vol. 6, No. 106, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes, That are Daguerreotypes.  It is an acknowledged fact, that Cooley’s Daguerrian Gallery is a little ahead of all others in this country, and it is so admitted by Artists and the traveling public.  No pains or expense have been spared in fitting-up this establishment, and the arrangement of rooms, sky-light and extensive apparatus cannot be improved.  The sky-light was built expressly for the business after a design by one of the best Architects in the country, and pictures taken under this light cannot be surpassed for the fine and beautiful effect of light and shade, and the life-like expression of the eyes.

O. H. Cooley & Co. Have the honor of announcing to the public, that they have secured the services of Mr. A. Litch, formerly of the firm of Litch & Whipple, Boston, one of the oldest, most experienced, and successful operators in this country, and they are now prepared to give their patrons pictures that cannot be excelled in this place, or any of the larger cities in those qualities that make a good Daguerreotype.  Mr. L. has operated at some of the best establishments in Boston, New York and Philadelphia, and we can commend him to the public for his gentlemanly demeanor as well as for his qualities as a scientific Artist.

O. H. C. & Co. Have obtained in addition to their other apparatus a new instrument expressly for taking Children’s pictures, which requires only a sitting of a few seconds.

They would return thanks for the liberal patronage which has been bestowed upon their establishment, and hope, by unceasing endeavors to please, to merit a continuance of the patronage of a generous public.

Just received, a new lot of Daguerreotype materials, among which we have White’s Scovill’s and the “Star” and Phenix” brands of French Plates, and all other kinds in use.  New and beautiful patterns of Cases, Lockets of all kinds and every variety of Settings, and in fact everything used in the Art can be found at our Sales Room where Prof Atwater will be in attendance.

…N. B.—Mr. Litch being a practical Chemist, would inform those who wish to use his Chemical preparations that they can be obtained at the Sales Room of O. H. C. & CO.                            

Advertisement ran from May 5 to July 12, 1849.

1849 July 12.  Daily Republican.  (Springfield, Massachusetts.)  Vol. 6, No. 163, P. 3.

Now Is The Time, O. H. Cooley, at the Hampden Daguerrian Gallery, with the most extensive apparatus, best of stock, and the aid of a scientific operator, and Prof. Atwater—last, though not least in putting the finish to a picture—can assure the public that he never was producing better pictures than at the present time.

Foot’s Block is the place, and now is the time, to obtain those inimitable Sky-light Daguerreotypes—delays are dangerous.  He keeps constantly on hand and for sale, the largest assortment of Lockets, and Daguerreotype Stock of every description, to be found in Western Massachusetts.

Mr. Stock, Portrait Painter, is still in town and will remain at his rooms over the Gallery for a short time only.  

Advertisement ran from July 12 to September 20, 1849.

1849 August 15.  Daily Republican.  (Springfield, Massachusetts.)  Vol. 6, No. 191, P. 2.

Cooley’s Gallery was visited one day last week by Mr. Collamer, Postmaster General, and an admirable likeness of him was taken by Mr. Litch, which will add to the attractions already presernted of Cooley’s large collection of portraits of distinguished men.  It takes Professor Atwater to induce public men to visit Cooley’s magnificent rooms, who, if not known long to the public, his short acquaintance is very pleasing to the ladies and professional men.—Com.

1849 September 19.  Daily Republican (Springfield, Massachusetts) Vol. 6, No. 221, p. 2.

Now For a Rush At Cooley’s Daguerrian Gallery, No. 8 Foot’s Block.  Cooley has just returned from New York, with the largest and best selected assortment of Daguerreotype Stock, of all kinds, ever before offered in this market; and at unprecedented low prices.

Also Lockets and Chains of all descriptions, purchased at low prices and will be sold very cheap for cash.  Those wishing to purchase will do well to call before looking elsewhere, as he is determined to sell cheap.

Daguerreotypes taken at all hours of the day, which “can’t be beat.”  And put up in the “professor’s superior style, in superb enamelled cases, at very low prices.               Sept. 19.

Advertisement ran from September 19 to October 3, 1849.

1850 September 19.  Daily Republican.  (Springfield, Massachusetts.)  Vol. 7, No. 223, P. 3.

Cooley’s Hampden Daguerrian Gallery Foot’s Building, Main-st., Springfield, Mass.  Is one of the oldest and largest Galleries in the country, was established in 1843, and for superior and convenient arrangements, splendid sky-light, extensive apparatus, beautiful and truthful pictures, it is not excelled by any other in the world.

We invite the public to visit our Exhibition Room, to see our large and valuable National collection of Daguerreotypes of eminent and distinguished men, who have given a preference and patronized this establishment.  We have Gen. Zachary Taylor, our late lamented President; His Excellency George N. Briggs, Gov. Of Mass.; Ex-Gov. Wm. L. Marcy; Wm. H. Seward of N. Y.; and A. Fitch of Mich., two last U. S. Senators; Hon. J. R. Giddings, M. C.; Hon. Geo. Ashmun, M. C.; Judge Collamer, late P. M. General; Cols. Bainbridge and Ripley, U. S. A.; Distric Attorney Porter; Prof. Lowell Mason; Judge O. B. Morris; Rev. Dr. Osgood; Revs. Mr. Seeley, Clark, and Buckingham of Springfield; Revs. E. Davis of Westfield and C. Nightingale of Chicopee; James Byers, Esq.; J. Willard, Esq.; R. A. Chapman, Esq.; E. B. Gillette, Esq.; the Hutchinson and Baker Families; and a host of others of this town and elsewhere too numerous to mention.

Grateful for past favors, we rely with confidence upon a discerning and generous public for encouragement and continued patronage.

Prof. Atwater, the “people’s favorite,” is at his old post in our Exhibition Room, and every effort will be made to give satisfaction and please our patrons and visitors.

N. B.—Daguerreotype material, of all kinds, as heretofore, and for sale at reduced prices.  Purchasers will do well to call before going to New York or Boston.    

1851 December 9.  Daily Republican.  (Springfield, Massachusetts.)  Vol. 8, No. 291, P. 2.

Kossuth Has Come!  And while this illustrious exile is being received with distinguished honor and shouts of welcome, let Cooley’s Daguerrian Gallery not be forgotten.  While the countenance is lighted up by the soul-inspiring eloquence of this great man step into Cooley’s, and in a few moments he will give you one of those superb Daguerreotype Likenesses for which his Gallery is famed, the world over.—His Sky-light needs no puffing—it can’t be beat—and those who have any eyes at all may be sure of obtaining a good picture.

The Professor may be found at his old station, and with our gentlemanly Operator, Mr. Clark, will be ready to wait upon visitors and sitters, and will give entire satisfaction to all.

Lockets, Keys, Rings, Pins, and every style of Case may be obtained at his Establishment, at the lowest prices; also, all kinds of material used in the business.

Call at Cooley’s, No. 26 Foot’s Building, and he will try to suit you.  O. H. Cooley. 

Advertisement ran from December 9, 1851 to January 22, 1852.

Richard S. Sanxay

Ambrotypes, Photographs, , , , , , , ,

1856-1859       145 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia.

Richard S. Sanxay was recorded in twenty five advertisements and three announcements in The Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Virginia), and one article in the Photographic and Fine Arts Journal.  The first advertisement ran from May 17 to June17, 1856.  A Card.—For the last ten years I have received a large and increasing patronage from the citizens of Virginia, which I have endeavored to merit by introducing every improvement into my business, in which I have been greatly aided, for some years, by the valuable assistance (more particularly in Ambrotyping) of Mr. R. S. Sanxay and in addition, I shall hereafter have the services of Mr. James F. Chalmers—which, together with my own general superintendence, will enable me to accomplish, I flatter myself, superior work to any I have previously turned out.  I respectfully request the public to call and examine my specimens at Pratt’s Gallery, No. 145 Main st., Richmond, Va.                               

The article in the Photographic and Fine Arts Journal (New York, New York) entitled the Photographic Galleries of America appeared on June 1, 1856.  Pratt’s Gallery. — This establishment is now under the management of Jno. Sanxay, who is a good artist; very many of his daguerreotypes are excellent specimens of the art. A slight cleaning would not hurt some of them. His ambrotypes are quite good in tone, but somewhat faulty in arrangement of position, and in finishing, he does not exercise sufficient care. I must do him the justice, however, to say that his experience in this new feature of the art, has been limited to a few months only; but as he is a young man full of ambition and running over with energy, in due time we may expect to see him a second Morse in the arts.

2.  advertisement ran from September 25 to October 9, 1856.  Something New!—An Improvement on Ambrotypes, by which process the picture is made to stand out like the stereoscope, without the use of the lens.

This is an entirely new invention, and is infinitely superior in every respect to the Balsom Pictures, being much more durable and not at all liable to spot, (the great objection to the Balsom Picture.)

This style of Picture is taken at Pratt’s Virginia Gallery, 145 Main street.

The public are respectfully invited to call and examine the specimens.  All pictures warranted to please.  R. S. Sanxay, Jas. F. Chalmers, Operators.                                          

3.  advertisement ran from October 10 to 25, 1856.  Returned from Europe.—We beg leave to inform the public the our Mr. Pratt has returned from England and France, bringing with him all the late improvements in our beautiful art. 

The Ambrotype finished in oil, in the style of the old masters, far exceeds in perfection any thing ever before attempted, and throws the Balsom pictures completely into the shade.

Mr. Pratt will again render us the assistance of his valuable services.

All pictures warranted to please.

R. S. Sanxay, Jas. F. Chalmers, Operators.   

p. s.  The Altoscopic Ambrotype may also be had at Pratt’s Gallery.                       

4.  advertisement ran from October 28 to November 3, 1856.  Pratt’s Virginia Daguerrian Gallery, No. 145 Main street, sign of the Gothic Window, where in the last 12 years, upwards of 30,000 portraits have been taken in all the varied styles of Ambrotype and Daguerreotypes.

The latest improvements have been obtained by Mr. Pratt in his late trip to Europe, and are now successfully practiced in this establishment, where we guarantee finer pictures than have been turned out in Richmond.

R. S. Sanxay, Jas. F. Chalmers, Operators.   

Former pupils of the University, visiting Richmond will please call on Mr. Pratt, as above, and obtain their free tickets.                                                                                          

5.  advertisement ran from November 10 to December 3, 1856.  Something New and Beautiful.—Acknowledged by all to be superior to anything yet discovered in the Photographic art as a proof of which all of the most celebrated artists north are taking Ambrotypes by no other process.  These pictures are to be had at Pratt’s Gallery, 145 Main street, where the public are respectfully invited to call and examine for themselves.  Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes copied in any way to suit customers, and all pictures warranted to please.  Sanxay & Chalmers, Operators.

6.  advertisement ran from November 28 to December 29, 1856.  Co-partnership Notice.—We the undersigned, having on the 5th if May, 1856, purchased the business Stock and Fixtures of Wm. A. Pratt, in the Daguerrian and Ambrotype Gallery, No. 145 Main street, hereby enter into a co-partnership, to carry on said business on the cash system, we respectfully solicit a share of the patronage of the public, and only ask for an examination of our work.  R. S. Sanxay, Jas. F. Chalmers.

N. B.  I have great pleasure in recommending the above gentlemen, my successors, as the satisfaction which my pictures have given, is mainly ascribable to their efforts-having personally done but little in the business for some years past.  Respectfully, Wm. A. Pratt.        

7.  advertisement ran from December 23, 1856 to January 22, 1857.  Christmas And New Year Presents.—There is nothing more acceptable than a correct life-like picture of a friend.  And we ask the public to give us a call and try us.  All our pictures are warranted to please.  Call at the Big Gothic Window, 145 Main street, and call early.  Sanxay & Chalmers.                                                                                                   

8.  advertisement ran from April 9 to 14, 1857.  Ambrotypes!  This great improvement in the Photographic art, far surpasses anything ever yet brought out, for durability and life-like appearance—never fading, but always retaining their original brilliancy.  They can be seen in any light and for softness of tone and durability, they far surpass the old worn  Daguerreotype, which, in many instances, fade in a few months, and in a year or two become entirely extinct.  All in want of a good Ambrotype, will do well to call on Sanxay & Co., At the Gallery 145 Main street, Formerly occupied by W. A. Pratt.

Pictures put up in the best style, at very moderate prices.  A few very fine Engravings of the Rev. T. V. Moore.  Price $1 each.  S & Co.

The first announcement appeared on July 3, 1857.  A Sign Worth Looking At.—Several handsome ambrotypes of Phoenix Engine, No. 3, were taken yesterday by R. S. Sanxay.  The picture thus obtained, is to be copied by Mr. Montague upon a sign which he is executing for the Virginia Fire and marine Insurance Company, the Design of which is highly appropriate.  One side represents a shipwreck, and the reverse a block of buildings on fire.  “Phoenix” will occupy a prominent position, playing away upon the flames.

9.  advertisement ran from July 7 to 13, 1857.1857 July 8.  Photographs!  Photographs!  Photographs!—We take great pleasure in informing  our friends and the public, that we are now prepared to make the above most beautiful style of Portraits.  They have entirely superseded all other known styles wherever introduced.  They are better, cheaper and more artistic.  Five hundred copies may be struck off from a single sitting, surpassing the finest steel engraving.  Sanxay, & Chalmers, 125 Main st., Sign of Gothic Window.

10.  advertisement ran from September 7 to 12, 1857.  Photographing.—This art is fast taking the place of Lithographing.  An Extensive glass factory in this city has just ordered 500 copies of a diploma, to be taken by photography, the copying being done as well as if by a lithograph.—Dispatch of Thursday.

We respectfully inform the public that we are prepared to execute any style of copying from Daguerreotypes, Paintings, Engravings, or Drawings in the best manner, at the most reasonable rates.  Views of residences, churches, and places of business taken in the most artistic manner.  Sanxay & Chalmers, Photographists, 145 Main street.      

11. advertisement ran from September 7 to 12, 1857. Persons desiring duplicates of the group of gentlemen, (delegates to the Presbyterian Convention,) taken by us, can obtain such at our Gallery, where may be seen a beautiful Photograph of the new Custom House, taken a few days ago.–Photographs and Ambrotypes upon the most reasonable terms, and in the most artistic manner, at Sanxay & Chalmers’, 145 Main street.

12. advertisement ran from September 18 to 25, 1857.

“A thing worth doing at all,

Is worth doing well!”

So if you wish a good Picture of yourself, go where an artist will make a miniature representation of yourself—not as a caricature, as is so often the case.  Sanxay & Chalmers’ Photographers, at 145 Main street, seem to excel in the life-like expression of their portraits, while they have a graceful ease that is perfectly bewitching.                                                         

13. advertisement ran from September 28 to October 3, 1857.  Choice Styles Of Pictures.—At Sanxay & Chalmers, 145 Main street, may be obtained Photographs of the greatest accuracy and beauty, Ambrotypes, Stereographs, Mezzographs and Likenesses on patent leather, which may be sent by mail to friends, &c.  Every picture taken at this popular establishment must be of the best quality and please the sitter, otherwise they will not be sent out of the Gallery.

Copies of the Portraits of the Convention of ’49 and ’50 will be ready in a few days.  All orders by mail promptly attended to.                                                                                          

The second announcement appeared on November 7, 1857.  List of Premiums Awarded At The Fair Of The Va. Mechanics’ Institute, November 5th, 1857…Class 26.—Photographs, Daguerreotypes, and Ambrotypes.

Albert Litch, for color photographs, a silver medal.

Tyler & Co., for daguerreotypes, a silver medal.

Sanxay & Chalmers, for ambrotypes, a silver medal.

E. Powers, for ambrotypes and photographs, first class diploma.

14. advertisement ran from November 30 to December 5, 1857.  Great Reduction Of Prices.  Owing to the dull times, we have concluded to take our Silver Medal Ambrotypes, at the unprecedented low price of Twenty-Five Cents.

These Pictures will be the size of those taken by others for 50 cents, and are warranted to be as good.  Sanxay & Co., 145 Main st.                                                              

15. advertisement appeared on December 11, 1857.  Sanxay & Co., 145 main Street, Pratt’s Old Stand.  Take their Silver Medal Ambrotypes for the very low price of 25 Cents.       

16. advertisement appeared on December 11, 1857.  Members of the Legislature Will do well to call at Sanxay & Co.’s., 145 Main street, Pratt’s old stand, and get one of their 25 cent Ambrotypes, or have their Photographs taken.  From one sitting any number of pictures can be taken.  Copies of State Convention for sale.        

17. advertisement appeared on December 25, 1857.  Veni, Vidi, Vici.  I Came, I saw, I had My Picture Taken For Twenty-Five Cents, At Sanxay & Co.’s.  Pratt’s Old Gallery, 145 Main st.  

18. advertisement ran on January 18 & 19, 1858.  25 Cent Ambrotypes, With Case!  can be had at Sanxay & Co.’s, as large and warranted to be as good as those sold by others for 50 cts.  Remember the place—145 Main street.  Pratt’s Old Gallery.     

19.  advertisement appeared on January 23, 1858.  25 Cents For Sanxay & Co.’s Silver Medal Ambrotypes, 145 Main street, Pratt’s old stand.

Those persons who could not be accommodated yesterday will please call early this morning.                                                                                                                      

20. advertisement appeared on January 28, 1858.  Splendid Photograph Of The Monument And Equestrian Statue, taken by D. Bendann, at Sanxay & Co.’s. Photographic Rooms, where duplicates are exhibited and for sale.  145 Main street, sign of Gothic Window.                                   

21. advertisement ran from May 17 to 19, 1858.  Great Inducement—Sanxay & Co., 145 Main street, have concluded to give every person who spends one dollar with them for pictures, a splendid Photograph of the Virginia Washington Monument.       

22. advertisement ran from September 14 to 20, 1858.  Ambrotypes and Photographs—The great depot for Ambrotypes and Photographs is at 145 Main street.  (Pratt’s old Gallery.)

If you are in want of a good Picture, call on Sanxay & Co.  

23.  advertisement ran from September 23 to 29, 1858.  Sanxay & Co. would invite those in want of really artistic pictures, to call at their Photographic Art Gallery, where they still continue to produce those inimitable Photographs and Ambrotypes, which are universally admired.

They have just introduced a new style of picture: “Crayon Photographic Visiting Cards,” to which they invite attention.  Gallery 145 Main Street, Big Gothic Window.                                              

24.  advertisement ran from October 19 to 25, 1858.  Strangers and others wishing Good Pictures at reasonable prices, would do well to call at the old established Gallery of Sanxay & Co., (Late Pratt’s,) where all the latest styles are made in perfection.  145 Main Street, Sign Big Gothic Window.                                                                 

In these days, when humbugism is rampant, it becomes a matter of moment to discover what is really genuine.  In the way of Pictures, we know of no place better where we could refer our friends than the old established Gallery of Sanxay & Co., 145 Main Street, where the finest Portraits are Made.  Go by all means and give them a trial.  145 Main Street, Big Gothic Window.                                                     

25.  advertisement ran from November 17 to 19, 1858.  Notice.—Any person having a Picture of the late Mr. John Stith, will confer a favor on his family, by allowing me to have it , it copy.  R. S. Sanxay, 145 Main street, (Pratt’s old Gallery.)      

The third announcement appeared on February 4, 1859.  By. E. B. Cook, Auct.

Pratt’s Daguerrean Gallery, Fixtures, &c, At Auction—On Wednesday next, 9th instant, at 10 o’clock, I will sell at Pratt’s Daguerrean Gallery, on Main street—

All the Apparatus and Fixtures, Furniture, Carpets, Sofas, Tables, Looking Glasses, Chairs, Materials of every description, &c. &c.

The above embraces a very large collection of Pictures.  Daguerreotypes and every article necessary for the prosecution of the Daguerrean business to which the attention of young beginners and the public is requested.  Terms cash.  E. B. Cook, Auct.      

Richard S. Sanxay is recorded in other photographic directories.  Craig’s Daguerreian Registry records him as being active in Richmond from 1855-1860.  In the first advertisement (May 17, 1856 William A. Pratt states that R. S. Sanxay has worked for him for several years.  Sanxay & Chalmers ran the gallery when Pratt went to Europe and after Pratt returned they purchased the gallery from him.  It is unknown when Chalmers left the company, probably in late 1857 before or after the November 7th announcement of the premium winners.  Richard S. Sanxay does not appear in the Richmond newspapers as a photographer after the February 4, 1859.  He appears to have been active in the Vigilance Committee, Masonic Temple, and the Richmond Light Infantry  Blues. 1861-1865[1] was a photographer for the CSA Engineer Department…

[1] Photographers In Virginia 1839-1900 A Checklist. By Louis Ginsberg.

James F. Chalmers

Ambrotypes, Photographs, Stereoviews, , , , , , , , , ,

1856-1857       145 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia.

James F. Chalmers worked for William A. Pratt and was in partnership of Sanxay (Richard S.) & Chalmers was recorded in twelve advertisements and two announcements in The Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Virginia).  The first advertisement ran from May 17 to June17, 1856.  A Card.—For the last ten years I have received a large and increasing patronage from the citizens of Virginia, which I have endeavored to merit by introducing every improvement into my business, in which I have been greatly aided, for some years, by the valuable assistance (more particularly in Ambrotyping) of Mr. R. S. Sanxay and in addition, I shall hereafter have the services of Mr. James F. Chalmers—which, together with my own general superintendence, will enable me to accomplish, I flatter myself, superior work to any I have previously turned out.  I respectfully request the public to call and examine my specimens at Pratt’s Gallery, No. 145 Main st., Richmond, Va.

The second advertisement ran from September 25 to October 9, 1856.  Something New!—An Improvement on Ambrotypes, by which process the picture is made to stand out like the stereoscope, without the use of the lens.

This is an entirely new invention, and is infinitely superior in every respect to the Balsom Pictures, being much more durable and not at all liable to spot, (the great objection to the Balsom Picture.)

This style of Picture is taken at Pratt’s Virginia Gallery, 145 Main street.  The public are respectfully invited to call and examine the specimens.  All pictures warranted to please. R. S. Sanxay, Jas. F. Chalmers, Operators.                                                             

The third advertisement ran from October 10 to 25, 1856.  Returned from Europe.—We beg leave to inform the public thatour Mr. Pratt has returned from England and France, bringing with him all the late improvements in our beautiful art. 

The Ambrotype finished in oil, in the style of the old masters, far exceeds in perfection any thing ever before attempted, and throws the Balsom pictures completely into the shade.

Mr. Pratt will again render us the assistance of his valuable services.  All pictures warranted to please.  R. S. Sanxay, Jas. F. Chalmers, Operators.      

p. s.  The Altoscopic Ambrotype may also be had at Pratt’s Gallery.                       

The fourth advertisement ran from October 28 to November 3, 1856.  Pratt’s Virginia Daguerrian Gallery, No. 145 Main street, sign of the Gothic Window, where in the last 12 years, upwards of 30,000 portraits have been taken in all the varied styles of Ambrotype and Daguerreotypes.

The latest improvements have been obtained by Mr. Pratt in his late trip to Europe, and are now successfully practiced in this establishment, where we guarantee finer pictures than have been turned out in Richmond.

R. S. Sanxay, Jas. F. Chalmers, Operators.  Former pupils of the University, visiting Richmond will please call on Mr. Pratt, as above, and obtain their free tickets.                                                  

The fifth advertisement ran from November 10 to December 3, 1856.  Something New and Beautiful.—Acknowledged by all to be superior to anything yet discovered in the Photographic art as a proof of which all of the most celebrated artists north are taking Ambrotypes by no other process.  These pictures are to be had at Pratt’s Gallery, 145 Main street, where the public are respectfully invited to call and examine for themselves.  Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes copied in any way to suit customers, and all pictures warranted to please.  Sanxay & Chalmers, Operators.

The sixth advertisement ran from November 28 to December 29, 1856.  Co-partnership Notice.—We the undersigned, having on the 5th if May, 1856, purchased the business Stock and Fixtures of Wm. A. Pratt, in the Daguerrian and Ambrotype Gallery, No. 145 Main street, hereby enter into a co-partnership, to carry on said business on the cash system, we respectfully solicit a share of the patronage of the public, and only ask for an examination of our work.  R. S. Sanxay, Jas. F. Chalmers.

N. B.  I have great pleasure in recommending the above gentlemen, my successors, as the satisfaction which my pictures have given, is mainly ascribable to their efforts-having personally done but little in the business for some years past.  Respectfully, Wm. A. Pratt.            

The seventh advertisement ran from December 23, 1856 to January 22, 1857.  Christmas And New Year Presents.—There is nothing more acceptable than a correct life-like picture of a friend.  And we ask the public to give us a call and try us.  All our pictures are warranted to please.  Call at the Big Gothic Window, 145 Main street, and call early.  Sanxay & Chalmers.                                                                                                 

The eighth advertisement ran from April 9 to 14, 1857.  Ambrotypes!  This great improvement in the Photographic art, far surpasses anything ever yet brought out, for durability and life-like appearance—never fading, but always retaining their original brilliancy.  They can be seen in any light and for softness of tone and durability, they far surpass the old worn  Daguerreotype, which, in many instances, fade in a few months, and in a year or two become entirely extinct.  All in want of a good Ambrotype, will do well to call on Sanxay & Co., At the Gallery 145 Main street, Formerly occupied by W. A. Pratt.

Pictures put up in the best style, at very moderate prices.  A few very fine Engravings of the Rev. T. V. Moore.  Price $1 each.     S & Co.                                                                                               

The first announcement appeared on July 3, 1857.  A Sign Worth Looking At.—Several handsome ambrotypes of Phoenix Engine, No. 3, were taken yesterday by R. S. Sanxay.  The picture thus obtained, is to be copied by Mr. Montague upon a sign which he is executing for the Virginia Fire and marine Insurance Company, the Design of which is highly appropriate.  One side represents a shipwreck, and the reverse a block of buildings on fire.  “Phoenix” will occupy a prominent position, playing away upon the flames.

The ninth advertisement ran from July 7 to 13, 1857.  Photographs!  Photographs!  Photographs!—We take great pleasure in informing  our friends and the public, that we are now prepared to make the above most beautiful style of Portraits.  They have entirely superseded all other known styles wherever introduced.  They are better, cheaper and more artistic.  Five hundred copies may be struck off from a single sitting, surpassing the finest steel engraving.  Sanxay, & Chalmers, 125 Main st., Sign of Gothic Window.                

The tenth advertisement ran from September 7 to 11, 1857.  Photographing.—This art is fast taking the place of Lithographing.  An Extensive glass factory in this city has just ordered 500 copies of a diploma, to be taken by photography, the copying being done as well as if by a lithograph.—Dispatch of Thursday.

We respectfully inform the public that we are prepared to execute any style of copying from Daguerreotypes, Paintings, Engravings, or Drawings in the best manner, at the most reasonable rates.  Views of residences, churches, and places of business taken in the most artistic manner.

Sanxay & Chalmers, Photographists, 145 Main street.                                 

The eleventh advertisement ran from September 18 to 25, 1857. 

“A thing worth doing at all,

Is worth doing well!”

So if you wish a good Picture of yourself, go where an artist will make a miniature representation of yourself—not as a caricature, as is so often the case.  Sanxay & Chalmers’ Photographers, at 145 Main street, seem to excel in the life-like expression of their portraits, while they have a graceful ease that is perfectly bewitching.                                                         

The twelfth advertisement ran from September 28 to October 3, 1857.  Choice Styles Of Pictures.—At Sanxay & Chalmers, 145 Main street, may be obtained Photographs of the greatest accuracy and beauty, Ambrotypes, Stereographs, Mezzographs and Likenesses on patent leather, which may be sent by mail to friends, &c.  Every picture taken at this popular establishment must be of the best quality and please the sitter, otherwise they will not be sent out of the Gallery.

Copies of the Portraits of the Convention of ’49 and ’50 will be ready in a few days.  All orders by mail promptly attended to.                                                                                          

The second announcement appeared on November 7, 1857.  List of Premiums Awarded At The Fair Of The Va. Mechanics’ Institute, November 5th, 1857…Class 26.—Photographs, Daguerreotypes, and Ambrotypes.

Albert Litch, for color photographs, a silver medal.

Tyler & Co., for daguerreotypes, a silver medal.

Sanxay & Chalmers, for ambrotypes, a silver medal.

E. Powers, for ambrotypes and photographs, first class diploma.

John F. Chalmers is not listed in other photographic directories.

A. Watson

Ambrotypes, Melainotypes, Photographs, , , , , , , , ,

1857                83 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia.

1857-1859     77 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia.

A. Watson is a complicated entry.  There are a total of twenty six advertisements and two announcements that were recorded from The Daily Dispatch (Richmond, Virginia).  Two advertisements and two announcements mentioned a Watson & Son, one of the announcements is recorded as Mrs. Watson and Son.  This is possibly a typo but further research is needed.  There are also a number of advertisements between December 8, 1857 to November 21, 1859 that only mention Watson.  The identification of the son is not recorded in any of the ads or announcements recorded.  Craig’s Daguerreian Registry does mention John W. Watson as being active in Richmond in 1859, it is possibly that he is the son.

 1.  Advertisement ran on October 23 & 24, 1857.  Genuine Double Glass Ambrotype Picture For 50 Cents, At Watson’s Melainotype And Ambrotype Gallery—On Friday, 23d Oct.—Fine Ambrotype Views of Niagara, taken on the spot by A. Watson.  Visitors wishing a view of the Falls, can secure a most accurate and imperishable mirror of the greatest cataract in the world.  Ladies and Gentlemen are respectfully invited to call and examine their specimens, as they need only to be seen to be appreciated. 

Remember, Watson intends to give his first week’s profits for the benefit of the poor of Richmond.  Pictures taken from 25 cents to $10.                                                                       

2.  Advertisement ran from October 26 to 31, 1857.  Watson’s Double Glass Ambrotypes, only 25 Cents.—Be sure and see Watson’s Double Glass Ambrotypes at 25 and 37½ cents, before you have your likeness.  Rooms 83 Main street.  Malainotypes and Panotypes taken by him.  The whole of the first week’s profits to be given to the poor of this city.                                                                                                                 

3.  Advertisement ran from October 31 to November 27, 1857.  Watson’s Gives The Largest Ambrotypes, For Fifty Cents—Call and see Watson’s Double Glass Ambrotypes at 25, 37½, and 50 cents, before you have your likeness.  Rooms 83 Main street.  Malainotypes and Panotypes taken by him.  The whole of the first week’s profits to be given to the poor of the city.                                                                                             

4.  Advertisement ran from November 21 to December 10, 1857.  Proclamation.—This is to give notice that if you buy a case a Watson’s Gallery, 83 Main street, he gives you a handsome picture.  Excelsior Ambrotypes taken by him with handsome case, the largest in the city, for 50 cents, and for 25 and 37½, Medalions and cameos taken in Silk Velvet cases for $1.  Also, Malainotypes and Panotypes, which may be sent in a letter, without extra postage.  All pictures taken at his Gallery warranted not to fade.—Old Daguerreotypes copied and pictures put in lockets.

N. B.—The best pictures taken from 9 A. M. to 3 P. M.                                          

5.  Advertisement ran from December 8 to 10, 1857.  Removal.—Watson & Son have bought out the old Whitehurst Gallery lately occupied by Mr. Leitch, which they will open on Monday December 7, and are now prepared to take Pictures from 25 to 37½ cents with cases; and extra large for 50 cents with case, which are not to be equaled in the city, and which is regularly charged $1.  Medalions, Cameos, Maianotypes, and Panotypes, which can be sent in a letter to any part of the world.  His Ambrotypes are warranted not to fade.

Remember the old Whitehurst Gallery, 77 main street, Call and see for yourselves, his specimens, and where Photographs of all the United States Senators can be seen.              

6.  Advertisement ran from December 11 to 28, 1857.  Old Whitehurst Gallery.—This is to give notice that if you buy a case at Watson’s Gallery, 77 Main street, he gives you a handsome picture.  Excelsior Ambrotypes taken by him with handsome case, the largest in the city, for 50 cents, and for 25 and 37½, Medalions and Cameos taken in Silk Velvet cases for $1.  Also, Malainotypes and Panotypes, which may be sent in a letter, without extra postage.  All pictures taken at his Gallery warranted not to fade.  Old Daguerreotypes copied and pictures put in lockets.

N. B.—The best picture taken from 9 A. M. to 3 P. M.                                  

7.  Advertisement ran from December 28m, 1857 to January 28, 1858.  $500 worth of Jewelry and Fancy Cases received by the Jamestown for Watson & Son, for New Years’ Gifts.  A handsome case and picture for $1, which is regularly charged elsewhere $2 for.  What you buy at other places for $1 we give you for 50 cents.  Pictures from 25 cents up to $10.  Groups taken in large cases and charged as single ones.  Union case, with picture, for $1.  Melainotypes, Panotypes, and Ambrographs sent by mail for single postage.  Pictures for Lockets, Breastpins and Rings taken; and old Daguerreotypes copied.  Pictures taken rain or shine, 20 per cent cheaper than any other gallery.—Good fires always kept.  At Whitehurst’s old Gallery, No. 77 Main street                                                                                    

8.  Advertisement ran from January 27 to March 1, 1858.  “Secure The Shadow, Ere The Substance Fade.”—If you wish a fine picture, call at Whitehurst’s old Gallery, (the best skylight in the city,) and examine the specimens of art produced by Watson.  They are warranted not to fade, nor to be easily defaced—equal to the best in the United States, and 20 per cent cheaper than any other in the city.

Pictures taken from 8 A. M. to 5 P. M.  Pictures copied, and either enlarged or diminished.

Melainotypes and Penotypes, for transmission by mail.

Photographs, 1st sitting, $2; Duplicates $1 each.

Remember, 77 Main street.

9.  Advertisement appeared on March 6, 1858.  “Secure The Shadow Ere The Shadow Fail.”—At Whitehurst’s Old Gallery, 77 Main street.  Photographs, either colored or plain, made from life, copied from Daguerreotypes or smaller pictures, and enlarged to any size.  Watson’s Ambrotypes, Maleinotype, Panotype, Ambrograph and Nelograph, a new style of Photograph, taken instantaneously, and finished in three minutes for letters, and are of a superior character. Colored or plain, and for beauty of finish are surpassed by none.  Pictures taken for 50 cents; Photographs 32 ; Duplicates $1.

Photograph of the Washington Monument, with Jefferson and Patrick Henry, for sale.  Price $1.

10.  Advertisement ran from March 6 to April 6, 1858.  “Secure The Shadow Ere The Shadow Fade.” If you wish a good picture go to  Whitehurst’s old Gallery, 77 Main st. and examine the Specimens, Photographs, colored or plain, made from life or copied from small pictures and enlarged to any size.  The pure Ambrotype we warrant not to fade or easily be defaced.  Watson’s unrivalled Niellograph or new style of Photograph pictures, taken instantaneously, and finished in three minutes.  Malainotypes, Panotypes and Ambrotypes for transmission by mail.  This gallery contains two of the largest skylights in Virginia, and for beauty of finish, his pictures are surpassed by none.

Pictures taken from 8 A. M., to 5 P. M.

Old Daguerreotypes copied.                                                                                      

11.  Advertisement ran from June 29 to August 3, 1858.  Whitehurst’s Old Gallery, 77 Main Street.—Notice—Watson takes pictures from 50 cents to $1, Ambrotypes, Melainotypes on leather, and Photographs any size, plain or painted, either in pastille or oil. The painting to be done by a first class Portrait Painter.  He does not pretend to take them by the 1,000 or by the aid of machinery, suitable for running railway cars or an ocean line of steamships.  He has two skylights, enabling him at all times to get good pictures, an advantage, not possessed by any other Gallery in Richmond.                                        

12.  Advertisement ran from September 14 to October 14, 1858.  Watson has just returned from the springs, and will be happy to see his old friends and show them some of his celebrated Chrystal Miniatures, which will neither fade or rub out.

Life-size Pictures, in oil or pastille, at the shortest notice.

Whitehurst’s Old Gallery, 77 Main Street.—Notice—Watson takes Pictures from 50cts to $100.  Ambrotypes, Melainotypes on leather, and Photographs of any size, plain or painted, either in pastille or oil.  The paintings to be done by a first class portrait painter.  He does not pretend to take them by the 1,000 or by the aid of machinery suitable for running railway cars or an ocean line of steamships.  He has two skylights, enabling him at all times to get good Pictures an advantage not possessed by any other Gallery in Richmond.                                        

13.  Advertisement ran from October 16 to November 15, 1858.  Whitehurst’s Old Gallery, 77 Main Street.—Notice—Watson takes Pictures from 50cts to $1.  Ambrotypes, Melainotypes on leather, and Photographs of any size, plain or painted, either in pastille or oil.  The paintings to be done by a first class portrait painter.  He does not pretend to take them by the 1,000 or by the aid of machinery suitable for running railway cars or an ocean line of steamers.  He has two skylights, enabling him at all times to get good Pictures an advantage not possessed by any other Gallery in Richmond.                                        

The first announcement appeared on October 29, 1858.  The Mechanics’ Fair increases in interest, day by day…But, apart from these, are five specimens of sewing machines, always at work, while near them may be seen the photographic displays of Minnis and Watson, that of themselves are worth a visit….

The second announcement appeared on November 10, 1858.  The Fifth Annual Exhibition Of The Virginia Mechanics’ Institute…List of Premiums, Awarded by the Virginia Mechanics’ Institute, at its Fifth Annual Exhibition…

Ambrotypes, Daguerreotypes And Photographs.  Class No. 26.—

G. W. Minnis, for his collection, silver medal

Mrs. Watson & Son, for pictures on leather, honorable mention.

The Photographs by Fredericks, of New York, are very superior, but were entered too late for a premium.  The Committee of Judges, however, deem them worthy of high commendation.

14.  Advertisement ran from November 15 to December 18, 1858.  What’s The News?—Watson, at Whitehurst’s old gallery, 77 main street, is going to Europe, and is selling off his stock of fine Cases at cost, and he gives you a large sized Ambrotype for 50 cents—sold at $1 in any other gallery.

Photographs from $2 upwards.  Pictures put in medallion and breastpins for 75 cents.

Good fires constantly kept.                                                                            

15.  Advertisement ran from December 16 to 29, 1858.  Be In Time If you want a good Picture.  Watson is selling off his stock of fine Cases at coast, as he will shortly proceed to Europe, and if you do not wish to be artistically humbugged, go to him, for he gives you a true picture, warranted to give satisfaction, at Whitehurst old Gallery, 77 Main street, Richmond.  He puts Pictures in Medallions for 75 cents.  His Gallery and Pictures for sale.      

16.  Advertisement ran from December 30, 1858 to January 15, 1859.  Look Out.—Be In Time If you want a good Picture.  Watson is selling off his stock of fine Cases at coast, as he will shortly proceed to Europe, and if you do not wish to be artistically humbugged, go to him, for he gives you a true picture, warranted to give satisfaction, at Whitehurst old Gallery, 77 Main street, Richmond.  He puts Pictures in Medallions for 75 cents.  His Gallery and Pictures for sale.                                                                                 

17. Advertisement ran from January 26 to February 16, 1859.  Good and Cheap Pictures—All who want good Pictures At Cost, should come at once to 77 Main Street, Whitehurst’s old Gallery, as Watson will remain only a few more weeks longer.

Recollect, if you want cheap and good Pictures, you must call at 77 Main Street.

The Gallery and Fixtures are for sale, and will be sold low.                         

18.  Advertisement ran from February 17 to March 9, 1859.  Positively Only For Two Weeks Longer—All who want good Pictures At Cost, should come at once to 77 Main Street, Whitehurst’s old Gallery, as Watson will remain only a few more weeks longer.

Recollect, if you want cheap and good Pictures, you must call at 77 Main Street.

The Gallery and Fixtures are for sale, and will be sold low.                                     

Advertisement ran from March 10 to 29, 1859.1859 March 10.  The Daily Dispatch.  (Richmond, Virginia.)  March 10, 1859, Vol. XV, No. 59, P. 2.

Whitehurst’s Old Gallery will open on the 14th inst, with an entire new stock of Cases, from 35 Cents and upwards.

Recollect, if you want cheap and good Pictures, you must call at 77 Main Street.

The Gallery and Fixtures are for sale, and will be sold low.                                     

19.  Advertisement ran from March 21 to April 20, 1859.  Gallery Of Fine Arts, 77, Main Street, Richmond, Virginia.  Important Notice.

Watson feels it due to his patrons and the public to tender them his warmest thanks for the generous support they have favored him with since he opened the above Gallery, and desires to inform them that circumstances has arisen which has induced him to abandon the project of returning to Europe for the present; and he is now receiving an entire new stock of cases of the best quality, which he is determined to sell at New York prices; and he intends to double his efforts to please all who may favor him with their patronage.

Every variety of picture produced by the Photographic art to be seen at his Gallery, which for style and workmanship, is equal to any produced in the city.  Here you can have a picture of surpassing beauty and size for 35 cents—unequalled by any other house—while Photographs, whole size 8 inches by 6 for $3; duplicates $1.  The public are invited to call and judge for themselves.

One Quarter size Camera, nearly new, for sale.                                            

20.  Advertisement ran from April 27 to May 14, 1859.  Great Excitement—By Telegraph—Watson, 77 Main street, Whitehurst’s old Gallery, has received, by the Europa, Stereoscopic Views taken in England, France, Italy, and the Holy Land, of Landscapes, Groups, and Statuary.—Call and see them.

The best style of Photographs taken by Watson for $1.  Likewise Ambrotypes for $35c.

21.  Advertisement ran from May 16 to 27, 1859.  Remember Watson—Whitehurst’s Gallery, 77 Main street—from Boston, Old England, has received, by the Europa, Stereoscopic Views taken in England, France, Italy, and the Holy Land, of Landscapes, Groups, and Statuary.—Call and see them.

The best style of Photographs taken by Watson for $1.  Likewise Ambrotypes for $35c.

Photographs, life size, colored in oil, or pastel, and copied from old Daguerreotypes and enlarged.                                                                                                           

22.  Advertisement ran from May 28 to June 23, 1859.  Grand Exhibition—Free—At Watson’s, (Whitehurst’s Old Gallery,) 77 Main st.—The public has no occasion to go to Europe to see Rome, the Holy Land, Paris or London, for he is constantly receiving views which are more perfect than scientific men ever dreamed of, for the perspective is perfect.  The finest statuary in the world; groups from life; views by gas light; views of the moon.  The whole for exhibition and for sale.  Call and see them.

Photographs for $1.

Ambrotypes from 35 cts upwards.

Pictures life size, copied or taken from life                                                   

23.  Advertisement ran from July 14 to August 18, 1859.  Great Excitement—25,000 People have visited Watson to see his splendid Stereoscopic Views, as well as to have their portraits taken.  His Portraits cannot be excelled; and for cheapness and durability are seldom equaled.  Call and see them.  Portraits from 35 cents; photographs from $1 to $25.  Old daguerreotypes copied or diminished to any size; painted either Water, Pastile, or Oil Colors, all worked up in India Ink.  Remember Watson’s, Whitehurst’s Old Gallery, 77 Main st.

24.  Advertisement ran from September 13 to October 13, 1859.  Selling Out To Leave, 50 per cent, Below Usual Price.—Great Excitement.25,000 People have visited Watson to see his splendid Stereoscopic Views, as well as to have their portraits taken.  His Portraits cannot be excelled; and for cheapness and durability are seldom equaled.  Call and see them.  Portraits from 35 cents; photographs from $1 to $25.  Old daguerreotypes copied or diminished to any size; painted either Water, Pastile, or Oil Colors, all worked up in India Ink.  Remember Watson’s, Whitehurst’s Old Gallery, 77 Main st.                           

25.  Advertisement ran from October 20 to November 19, 1859.  Selling Off!  Selling Off!  Selling Off!  At Half Price!  At Half Price!  At Half Price!  Watson’s Gallery, 77 Main Street.  77 Main Street.  To Close Business, 77 Main Street.                                                                                

26.   Advertisement ran from November 21 to December 1, 1859.  By J. H. Diggs, Auct.  Whitehurst’s Old Gallery.—Having concluded to close our business in Richmond, we shall sell at public auction, on Friday Dec. 2d, 1859, at 10 o’clock A. M., (if fair; if not, the next fair day, at our residence, 77 Main street, a collection of Oil Paintings, Pastell do., Photographs, and other Pictures; also , at the same time and place, will be sold a good collection of Furniture: Sofas, Tete-a-Tete, Mahogany Chairs, Mahogany Tables, Glass Cases, velvet Frames of Rosewood, large mirrors, Screens, Beds and Bedding, Bedsteads, one large sign, Window Drapery, a large stock of Cases and Chemicals, a lot of Gilt Frames, &c., &c.  The above goods will be on exhibition till day of sale at our rooms, 77 Main st., Whitehurst’s old Gallery.  Watson & Son.  J. H. Digges, Auct.                                           

A. Watson and Watson & Son are not listed in other photographic directories.  According to Craig’s Daguerreian Registry John W. Watson was listed as being at the Whitehurst gallery in 1859, could this be the son?    

Isaac Gale, Jr.

Daguerreotypes, , ,

1848-1849       257 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts.

Isaac Gale, Jr. was recorded in two identical advertisement. The first advertisement ran from December 6, 1848 to January 6, 1849 in the Boston Daily Evening Transcript, and the second advertisement ran from January 25 to March 10, 1849 in The Daily Chronotype  both were published in (Boston, Massachusetts).    Litch’s Sky-Light Daguerreotype Rooms.  Arranged expressly for taking Family Groups—No. 257 Washington Street, 7 doors north of Winter St.

We have the Best Light in the city, and our extensive facilities enable us to execute likenesses, and especially Family Groups, in a style unsurpassed in the world.  Mr. L. (Formerly of the firm of Litch & Whipple), who has been engaged in the art from its commencement in the United States, attended personally to the operating department.

Perfect satisfaction given, or no charge.  Instruction given in the art, and stock and apparatus furnished.  Isaac Gale, Jr., Proprietor.  Albert Litch, Agent.

Isaac Gale, Jr. is not recorded in A Directory of Massachusetts Photographers or other photographic directories.

Montgomery Pike Simons

Ambrotypes, Daguerreotypes, , , , , , , , , , , , ,

 The following is a brief history of the activities of Montgomery Pike Simons (ca. 1817-1877) during his sojourn in Richmond, Virginia as reported in articles and advertisements published in The Richmond Daily Dispatch.   During his stay from 1852 to1856 he was a prolific advertiser, the duration of most advertisements ran for a week or two, but sometimes only a day or two and only occasionally for a month or longer.  Throughout his stay in Richmond, Simons’ studio address stayed the same 151 Main Street, in Eagle Square.

In reviewing his advertisements family groups, and children were a specialty, and a re-occurring theme. Also whenever a convention was in town, be it a Medical Convention, Temperance Convention or Clubs. Simons would be among the first to invite the attendees to pay a visit to his Gallery and examine his specimens.  Like other daguerreotypist of the day the commonality in advertising are very formulaic and the majority sound alike.  As an example the following is an invitation to the Virginia State Legislators that appeared in the Dispatch on February 6, 1852.

Virginia Legislature.—Members of the Virginia Legislature now in session, are     particularly invited to call at M. P. Simons’ Gallery, and examine his exquisite likenesses of the President and his Cabinet, also Senators and Members of the House, together with a large sample of other distinguished and well known persons of this and other countries, too numerous to mention. All are desired to call, whether in want of pictures or not; and those wanting pictures would do well to judge for themselves of their superiority.  All pictures warranted to give full satisfaction.

Some of the prominent and distinguished individual daguerreotype portraits identified by name that Simons advertises in the Dispatch that were on exhibit in his gallery include Jenny Lind (1820-1887), opera singer; Lola Montes (1821-1861), actress and dancer; George Payne Rainsford James (1799-1860), English novelist, historical writer, and British Counsel; Henry Clay (1777-1852), lawyer, politician and Senator from Kentucky; Hon. K. Rayner, possibly Kenneth Rayner (1808-1884), congressman & legislator from North Carolina; General Lopez (full name unknown)[i]. Dr. Gibson; Rev. Mr. Read and William F. Titchis are possibly local individuals.  A view of St. John’s [Episcopal] Church in Richmond which was built in 1741 and is today the oldest standing church in Richmond. Tantalizingly a Tarantula spider that was found under his back gallery.  In addition there were for sale engraved likenesses Rev. Mr. T. V. Moore, pastor of the first Presbyterian Church in Richmond, by A. S. Walker of Philadelphia, after a daguerreotype by Simons.  In an advertisement dated March 30, 1855, Simons is appealing for a sufficient number of subscribers to off-set the expenses for engraved likenesses of the pastors of the different churches in the city.  Moore’s engraving may have been part of this project.

On at least three occasions Simons is extremely aggressive, antagonistic and sarcastic with fellow daguerreotypist. The first is with Frank E. Moulson who is charging $1 for his daguerreotypes.  The fight in the newspapers starts with the following notice which ran on August 13, 1852 in the Daily Dispatch:

A Chapter on the Daguerrean Art, and its Professors.—The Dollar Notoriety.—It has been suggested that these disciples of Daguerre attach the names of sitters to their productions, that they may be the more easily recognized by their friends. But as this is a matter we are not interested in, we leave it for those that are—their patrons. But would, ourselves, suggest the propriety and fairness of the operator’s name being attached, for two reasons—first, that the public may know where caricatures may be had; and, second, that they may avoid them when they wish a Daguerreotype.

Another thought occurs to us: it is well known that the State finds it necessary for the better protection of its citizens, to have officers, whose duty it is to inspect grain, flour, etc., and brand their qualities. Now, for the same reasons, would it not be well to have an inspector of Daguerreotypes?—We think it would, and hope that the Legislature, next fall, will take this matter up, and give it that calm and serious consideration which it deserves.  But as they probably will not understand this subject as well as they do that of unequal and arbitrary taxation, we will assist them, by furnishing for the purpose, a plan of a stamp or stencil plate, viz:—Taken for_________by­­­­­­­­­­­__________, an experimenter in the art, cost one dollar or fifty cents, as the case may be, which would be determined by the quality of the article; and then, on the event of our plan’s being accepted, we fancy we see Daguerreotypes finding their way into the price current of the day, reported thus:

Daguerreotypes, common brand, various prices, ranging from 37½ cts. to a dollar—little or no demand. Genuine article, medium size, ready sale, and firm at three dollars.  Remarks—public taste improving.

We are aware that our endeavors to hold these cadets in the art up to public gaze, that they may be seen in their true light, may, by some, be misconstrued into envy on our part, and by exciting public sympathies, increase the evil which we are trying to abate. But, however deplorable such a result would be, the task had to be performed.—For we should hold the man guilty indeed, who would sit in silence, and see the community in which he resides deluded by impostors.  But our object must not be mistaken.  Our intention is not to abuse, but rather to convince these mercenary operators that they have either mistaken their profession, or have most shamefully neglected to give it that attention and careful study which it requires,  and by improving the public taste, force this conviction upon them.

Moulson’s reply on the following day August 14, 1852;

Let the galled jade wince.”—When a slave is under the lash, his master trying to subdue a spirit of insubordination, the pain sinking deep into his soul, in a spirit of defiance he will often cry, “Oh, you don’t hurt.” Apply the lash, and he piteously cries for mercy.  So is it with some of our Daguerreotypist, for when we, to accommodate a large and respectable class of our citizens, brought down the prices of our pictures, the cry was heard, “it will ruin them,” “nobody will take such things,” &c., they have seen to their great mortification the gallery at 110 Main street crowded from early morn till twilight with the elite of the city; and viewing their own beggarly account of empty benches, cry out for protection by legislative enactment.  Could they produce superior pictures there would be no use for this.  We are delighted with the high encomiums of praise passed upon our productions of the art, and while we continue to receive the applause of the “fair, better part of creation” we shall be content to think, as we are sure thousands of others think, that some of our craft are small per-Simons.  Moulson’s, 110 Main st.

Simons continues his attack on July 29, 1853;

To The Daguerrean Fraternity

When will it be that we like others

Shall form ourselves a band of brothers?

The healing art to keep out quacks

With unity thus wisely acts;

And why not we our interest watch,

Hold up the artist and put down the botch?

Tis easy if we once begin

And show the mass they’re taken in;

Have we no ______ this evil to allay,

To drive them one by one with sticks away;

Or must they ever thus pursue us?

We swarm with skulks as base as Lewis

Trades are forsaken and the arts disgraced

By gawks whose fame is on the dollar based;

They who barns should paint and lumber haul,

Shriek “taken for one dollar” on the wall.

Then some to humbug little more

Stick “patent process” top their door.

All this is done the ignorant to beguile,

When in their sleeve the would be artists smile.

Yes, those who’d acorn the Doctor’s skill

That ignorantly prescribes a pill,

Do quite as bad, nay, even worse,

Encourage him who robs their purse;

Distorts their features, then, with a grace,

Asks you if that is not your face.

The feud continues until May 27, 1854, Moulson’s last advertisement appears in the Daily Dispatch which ran until June 6th.  On June 21, 1854, a constable sale is advertised the following items will be sold on June 23d, 1 mahogany sofa,; 1 pair of card tables; 1 mahogany show case; 1 rocking chair; 5 cane seat chairs; a lot of medallions and daguerrean cases.  Another sale was scheduled for July 11 to sell off all the fixtures at the Daguerrean Gallery.

The second dispute occurs with Jesse H. Whitehurst. Simons advertises On December 2, 1854 that he won the highest award, at the Virginia Mechanics Institute Fair.  Both Whitehurst and Simons did in fact win Silver Medals, but Whitehurst name appears first in the report.  The bantering goes back and forth Whitehurst citing the committees report and Simons going off on a tangent about Whitehurst claim to have won the highest award at the World’s Fair in London a bronze medal and Simons continues to refer to Whitehurst as the “Bronze Medal Man.”

Simons does bring up an interesting point in one of his advertisements, Whitehurst won many awards in New York, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and Washington, D. C. wherever he had a studios. Did Whitehurst actually take the image for which the award was given, or did his studio representatives take the image and then he took the credit because he owned the studio and his operators were his employees.

The third argument occurred again in the newspaper but went much further this time. On October 13, 1855, Simons advertises that he is taking Ambrotypes.  On October 15th Peter E. Gibbs responds

To Mr. M. P. Simons—Sir: Unless you discontinue the use of the word Ambrotype to your card. [which is my property as applied to Glass Pictures.] I shall proceed at once to require you to show cause why you infringe on my rights. ….

Simons continues to advertise Ambrotypes and on November 30th the notice appears in the paper.

Infringing a Patent.—In the U. S. Circuit Court, for the eastern district of Virginia. Judge Halyburton presiding, an application has been made by Mr. P. E. Gibbs for an injunction to restrain Mr. M. P. Simons from infringing a patent for making ambrotype pictures, of which Gibbs is assignee.—In consequence of the delay in receiving papers from the Patent Office in Washington, the case was adjourned until Thursday next, when it will be taken up and argued at length, by A. Judson Crane, Esq., for the complainant, and Messrs. August and Randolph for the respondent.

Court delays and Simons continuing to advertise the term Ambrotypes in numerous advertisements, the bantering and baiting from both Gibbs and Simons finely comes to blows as reported in the Dispatch on January 31, 1856.

Spoiling Pictures.—We understand that Messrs. Simons and Gibbs, picture makers, came in collision on Eagle Square yesterday morning, and made an effort to disfigure each others profiles, but were prevented from doing so by the interposition of bystanders, who separated them. These gentlemen have been pitching into each other, through the newspapers, for several weeks.  Which of the two has had the best of that fight, the public can decide.

Possibly a contributing factor for the continued resentment of each other may have been their egos, they both went so far that neither one could back down. In addition to advertising in the local newspapers Simons wrote articles to the Photographic and Fine Arts Journals, “claiming that he had the right to make Ambrotypes and that he was not infringing on Cuttings patent because he used varnish not balsam to seal the two pieces of glass together.[ii]”  In reading through the advertisements one could surmise that he believed as an artist he had the right to make Ambrotypes and that Cuttings patent had no more right to the exclusive use of two glasses than he had to the word Ambrotype.  A side note Whitehurst on January 26, 1856 reports in an advertisement that he had purchased an equal interest with P. E. Gibbs in his Ambrotype patent for the city of Richmond.  Most of the other Galleries in Richmond also advertise that they too are taking Ambrotypes.

On April 25, 1856 Simons last advertisement appears in The Daily Dispatch it ran until May 22, 1856.  On June 26 an advertisement appeared

For Rent.—The family part of the house at present occupied by M. P. Simons, No. 151 Main street. Possession given 27th August next.  On August 15, 1856 an advertisement appears auctioning off oil Paintings and furniture by virtue of a deed of trust to sell at M. P. Simons Daguerrean Rooms, 151 Main Street on August 23 at 10 o’clock a lot of furniture, consisting in part of tables, chairs, carpets, stoves, frames, &c. Also a lot of oil paintings, amongst which are some very valuable.

In conclusion many questions need to be answered. Was Simons’ business failing or was there a reason that he needed to return to Philadelphia?  By all indications his business in Richmond was thriving, reports in the papers indicated that he was very good and had many patrons.  What may have happen was a loss of business due to his disagreement with Gibbs.  An advertisement that appeared on February 2, 1856, stated that Gibb is a born and bred Virginian, which Simons was not.  Another explanation could be a decline in revenue due to competition from the makers of inexpensive images, such as Johnson (no first name) he advertises that he has twelve years’ experience, and has two wagons on the corner of 7th & Broad Streets. Johnson’s advertisements appear in the Dispatch starting on March 28, 1856 and the last advertisement appears on January 28, 1857, he is charging 50 cents for daguerreotypes; Other daguerreotypist working in Richmond in 1856 were E. M. Powers who is charging $1; Daniel Bendann advertises that his pictures are cheaper than anywhere else, but does not specify a specific price; Powers & Duke are making 50 cent daguerreotypes; William A. Pratt was not doing a lot of advertising and on May 17, 1856 announces that he now has the assistance of Sanxay & Chalmers and proceeds to go to Europe.  In an advertisement dated November 28, 1856 Sanxay & Chalmers announce that they had purchased the business from Pratt on May 5.  A. W. Osborne and Peter E. Gibbs do not list prices in their advertisements.  Where Pratt, Simons, and Whitehurst; do not list prices in their advertisements they are thought to be the elite photographers in Richmond.  By October of 1856 Albert Litch is running the Whitehurst Gallery in Richmond and by April of 1857 Whitehurst is no longer operating there, later in year Litch has also left.

In-fighting and disagreements between photographers is not uncommon Southworth and Whipple in Boston, Mass.; Allen and Van Alstin in Worcester, Mass.; Allen & Partridge in Wheeling, Va. and Tyler & Company where ever they had a presence, to name only a few.

[i] At this time it is not possible to confirm his identity. There are two General Lopez that are found when doing an internet search, but without the image or more information it is only speculation that either man is the correct General.  They are Antonio Lopes de Santa Anna, (1794-1876) Mexican President and General; and General Narciso Lopez (1797-1851) who was most notably known for his invasion of Cuba in 1850, he was defeated and retreated to Key West, he returned again in 1851 with the same results, he and his men were once again defeated, this time they were captured and most were executed.

[ii] The Ambrotype : a misunderstood history of a nineteenth century photographic process. By Sarah Janille Templeton.