Tag Archives: New York City

Boisseau, Alfred

1845-1847       Address Unknown, New Orleans, Louisiana.

1848-1852       396 Broadway, New York, New York.

1852-1854       111 Superior Street, Williams’ Block, Cleveland, Ohio.

1855-1857       111 & 113 Superior Cleveland, Ohio.[1]

1859                243 Superior, Cleveland, Ohio.1

1860-1888       Address Unknown, Montreal, Canada.[2],[3]

1888-1901       Address Unknown, Buffalo, New York.3

1889                Address Unknown, Manitoba, Canada.3

The first mention of Alfred Boisseau practicing photography was on April 15 1854 while in Cleveland, Ohio, in addition to portrait and landscape painting. He also practiced photography while in Montreal Canada, in addition to portrait and landscape painting, he is also known for his painting of Indigenous peoples.

N. D.  The New York Historical Society’s Dictionary Of American Artists 1564-1860.  (New Haven, Connecticut.)  P. 62.

Boisseau, Alfred (1823-?)  Portrait and genre painter, drawing and painting teacher, and art dealer.  Boisseau was born in 1823 in Paris and exhibited at the Salon in 1842.  He was in New Orleans in 1845 and 1846, and in NYC in 1849 and 1852 , when he exhibited at the National Academy and American Art-Union, respectively.  He apparently moved to Cleveland (Ohio) late 1852, advertising there in December 1852 and January 1853 as a portrait and landscape painter, teacher of drawing and painting, and art dealer.  He was in Cleveland as late as 1859.

1848 November 2.  The Evening Post.  (New York, New York.)  November 2, 1848, Vol. XLVI, P. 2.

Alfred Boisseau, a pupil of Delaroche, and a painter of great merit, has just opened a gallery of portraits and other paintings, at No. 396 Broadway, corner of Walker street.  Mr. Boisseau is one of those men of talent whom the waves of the agitated ocean of European politics have just cast upon our shores, where we hope he will find an hospitable asylum.  Some of his pictures have been exhibited with great success at the Louvre, among others a scene of Creole Life, which is now in his gallery.  We counsel our connoisseurs to look at Mr. Boisseau’s collection.

1848 November 27.  The Evening Post.  (New York, New York.)  November 27, 1848, Vol. XLVI, P. 2.

Exhibition of Paintings.  Admission Free.  Mr. Alfred Boisseau, Portrait and Historical Painter, lately arrived from Paris, wishing to have his work appreciated by amateurs, will open to the public for a few weeks his private gallery of paintings, portraits, drawings, &c., daily.  Sunday excepted from 12 till 5 P. M.  396 Broadway, corner of Walker street, 1st floor.

Mr. Alfred Boisseau will receive a few pupils in his studio.

1848 November 29.  The Evening Post.  (New York, New York.)  November 29, 1848, Vol. XLVI, P. 2.

Mr. Boisseau’s Gallery.—We refer our readers to the advertisement of Mr. Boisseau, an able French artist, of whom we have already spoken.  His gallery of paintings is now open gratuitously to all who choose to visit it, at No. 396 Broadway.  We counsel our friends to look at them.

1848 December 8.  The Evening Post.  (New York, New York.)  December 8, 1848, Vol. XLVI, P. 3.

Boisseau’s Academy Of Drawing and Painting, No. 396 Broadway.  Mr. Alfred Boisseau, pupil of Paul Delaroche, will open a morning class for Ladies, and an evening one for Gentlemen, in which he will teach the different styles of drawing and painting portraits, figures and landscapes.  The pupils will be received in Mr. Boisseau Gallery of Paintings, at hours when visitors are not admitted.  This location is such that Ladies may attend with perfect propriety For particulars apply at Mr. Boisseau’s Gallery of Paintings 396 Broadway.

Mr. Boisseau can refer to the following gentlemen:

Major Poussin, Minister of France to U. S.; Mr. Simounet, Counsul General of France, N. Y.

Charles King, Esq.  N. Y.; W. C. Bryant, Esq.  N. Y.; N. P. Willis, Esq.  N. Y.

Regis de Trobriand, Esq.  N. Y.; R. Gignoux, Esq.  N. Y.; Charles de la Forest, Esq.  N. Y.

Comte de Dioin,  N. Y.; Charles Canda,   N. Y.; L. & H. Peugnet, Esq.  N. Y.; Paul Arpin, Esq.  N. Y.

E, Didier, Esq.  N. Y.; F. G. Berteau, Esq.  Brooklyn.

1848 December 9.  The Evening Post.  (New York, New York.)  December 9, 1848, Vol. XLVI, P. 2.

Instruction in Painting.—We refer our readers to the advertisement of Mr. Boisseau, who offers to give instructions in the art of drawing and painting in oil colors.  Mr. Boisseau is himself an artist of high merit, whose works have already won for his a reputation in the land of his birth.  The French painters are well grounded in the elements and principals of their art, and expert in the habit of reducing them to exact practice.  This qualifies them for the through instruction of pupils.

1849 April 14.  The Albion, or British, Colonial, and Foreign Weekly Gazette.  (New York, New York.)  April 14, New Series–Vol. 8, No. 15, P. 9.

National Academy of Design…

161.  Scenery of Creole Life.  A. Boisseau.—A picture singularly brilliant in colouring, reminding us in its exaggerated tone of the effect of coloured crayons.  A handsome Creole, an infant, and a negress are painted in dolce far niente attitudes.  We cannot praise the drawing, and were the lady’s lower limbs are bestowed it would be difficult to comprehend.  The form, size, style, and gay colouring will attract notice, and perhaps find admirers.  The picture is circular, and very handsomely framed; but from the peculiarity in the arrangement of the figures it somewhat reminds us of a target, with the bull’s eye distinctly marked.  Attentive observers will see what we mean.

1849 April 17.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  April 17, 1849, No. 5429, P. 1.

John Keese Auctioneer…Thursday Evening—April 19.  Oil Paintings—Valuable and splendid Oil Paintings at the studio of Mr. Boisseau, at No. 396 Broadway, corner of Walker street, (over Stoppani’s Baths)—A valuable collection of ancient and modern Oil Paintings by celebrated masters, exquisite drawings, &c., all of which are now ready for examination.  The sale will be positive, and offers to the lovers of art he public generally, and opportunity seldom met to furnish their galleries with pleasing works of art.  Mr. Boisseau, celebrated as an artist, being about to travel through the United States, renders it important to him to close this concern, and to which public attention is respectfully invited.  

1849 April 9.  The Evening Post.  (New York, New York.)  April 19, 1849, Vol. XLVII, P. 2.

Oil Paintings.—The entire lot of paintings and frames, from the studio of A. Boisseau, is to be sold at auction this evening, at No. 396 Broadway, by Cooley & Keese.  The pictures are nearly all from the easel of Bosseau, (sic.) consisting of originals and copies from old masters.  It affords an excellent opportunity to any person who may desire to purchase pictures, as many of them are very fine, and have been visited by great numbers of persons while on exhibition in this city.

1851 December 15.  The Evening Post.  (New York, New York.)  December 15, 1851, Vol. LI, P. 2.

American Art-Union.  Catalogue Of Works Of Art to be distributed among the members at Tripler Hall, on Friday Evening, Dec. 19.  The present collection contains more works of high cost and superior merit than that of any previous year, and will be increased in proportion to the amount of subscription received…

Subject of Pictures………Names of Artists

154*  Flower Girl……….A. Boisseau.

*The pictures marked with an asterisk were purchased by the Art Union of the National Academy of Design, having been contributed by the Academicians for the benefit of the Academy.

1852 December 25.  Morning Daily True Democrat.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  December 25, 1852, Vol. 6, No. 305, P. 2.

Alfred Boisseau, Portrait And Landscape Painter, Keeps constantly on hand a fine collection of Landscape and Fancy Paintings, ready for sale.  Pictures cleaned, repaired, and varnished.

Instruction in Drawing and Painting carefully given.  Rooms No. 111 Superior street, Williams Block.

1853 August 13.  Daily Forest City.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  August 13, 1853, Vol. 2, No. 95, P. 3.

Alfred Boisseau, Portrait And Landscape Painter, Keeps constantly on hand a fine collection of Landscape and Fancy Paintings, ready for sale.  Pictures cleaned, repaired, and varnished.

Instruction in Drawing and Painting carefully given.  Rooms No. 111 Superior street, Williams Block. dec. 30.

1853 September 14.  Daily Forest City.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  September 13, 1853, Vol. 2, No. 122, P. 2.

Academy of Drawing and Painting.  111 Superior st., Williams’ Block.  In answer to earnest solicitations, Mr. A. Boisseau, of Paris, and latterly of New York, has opened classes for ladies and gentlemen, in which he will teach the different styles of Drawing and Painting Portraits, Figures and Landscapes. 

Drawing and Painting from Examples, Plaster Figures, and Living Models, will form principal features in the course of instruction thereby leading to that knowledge of form and power of delineating Nature so much desired by the Artists.

The instruction will be given in Mr. Boisseau’s studio, and under his immediate attention and personal instruction.

A choice and complete assortment of Artist’s Materials will always be found at A. Boisseau’s rooms, to be sold at New York prices.

1854 February 6.  Daily Forest City Democrat.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  February 6, 1854, Vol. 8, No. 2470, P. 5.

The amateurs of the fine arts are invited to step into Holbrook & Long’s Music Store and examine four paintings, executed by A. Boisseau.  Two of them are portraits, which will be recognized at sight.  The other pair are landscape paintings—one a view of the Cuyahoga valley, between Cleveland and Ohio City—which is pronounced fine.

1854 February 14.  Cleveland Daily Plain Dealer.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  February 14, Vol. IX, No. 272, P. 2.

Amateurs of Fine Arts are respectfully invited to go and examine the two attractive Oil Paintings now on exhibition and for sale at Holbrook & Long’s Music Store.  A. Boisseau.

1854 April 15.  Cleveland Daily Plain Dealer.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  April 15, Vol. X, No. 13, P. 2.

Boisseau’s New Daguerrean Room, 111 Superior Street, Williams Block, Opposite Forest City House, Cleveland, O.  Mr. A. Boisseau having secured the services of Mt. T. Magher, one of the best operators of the city of New York, now opens a new Room for Daguerreotyping, in common with his Painting room.  The Room is nicely fitted up, and being constantly supplied with a fine collection of Oil Paintings, will be quite a rendezvous for the friends of the fine arts.  Mr. B. has put to profit his long experience in Portrait Painting to procure the kind of light just calculated to produce the handsomest Pictures; and intending to follow Daguerreotyping as an Art, he has spared neither time nor money to gather up the best instruments and materials necessary to practice successfully.

Me B. is prepared as before to execute Portraits in Oil, Landscapes and Fancy Paintings, and would inform his pupils in Drawing and Painting, that the Daguerreotyping business will not interfere with their Lessons,, as he will continue to devote to them part of his time.

Advertisement ran from April 15 to 21, 1854.

1854 June 20.  Cleveland Leader.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  June 20, 1854, Vol. X, No. 69, P. 3.

Boisseau’s Daguerreotypes, are every day gaining popularity among our citizens.  As a portrait painter and daguerreotypist.  Mr. Boisseau ranks with the best.  Call at his rooms. 111 Superior street, Williams’ Block.  May 12.

1856 September 24.  Cleveland Daily Plain Dealer.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  September 24, 1856, Vol. XII, No. 22, P. 3.

State Fair…At the Fine Art Hall the exhibition is charming.  By the skillful arrangements of the Superintendent, Allen Smith, Jr.,…

Boisseau’s portrait of Mr. Williams is excellent; his landscapes are indifferent in both subject and execution.

Ryder’s Photographs form a gallery of beauties, and cannot be surpassed for faithfulness and skill in coloring.

North Exhibits some very excellent photographs among the best of which are those of Mr. A. P. Winslow, Mr. and Mrs. Stevens.

1856 September 24.  Cleveland Morning Leader.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  September 24, 1856, Vol. 10, No. 204, P. 2.

Pen Jottings Taken On The Fair Ground Yesterday…Fine Arts Hall.  This has been fitted up under the supervision of Mr. Allen Smith, Jr. in the fine taste which characterizes this well known artist, although every thing was not quite arranged.  We think we hazard nothing in saying that a more charming display of artistical good things, has not graced any previous fair.  The oil paintings both on canvas and photographic, were highly creditable to the artists Mr. Smith had his usual variety of finely colored heads, lifelike and beautiful.  Nothing which we could say would add many thing to his well established fame.  The death of the stag from Landseer will bear looking at more than once.  Mr. Ryder exhibits some very fine photographs also colored by Mr. Alonzo Pease which were much admired.  The two finest pictures in the room and those which attracted the most attention were two heads of Fremont, one a photograph by North, colored in oil by Smith, and one by Ryder, colored also in oil by Pease.  (We noticed as singular that although there were some 6 or 7 pictures of Fremont there was none of Buchanan!)  Boisseau also exhibited a number of oil colored Photographs which are much admired.  Daguerreotypes, Photographs, Ambrotypes, etc. were there from North, Ryder, Boisseau, of Cleveland, Bisbee of Columbus, and G. W. Collins of Urbana, Ohio, Spherotypes from Stimpson, also of Cleveland.

1856 October 11.  The Ohio Farmer.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  October 11, 1856, Vol. 5, No. 41, P. 1.

Fine Arts Fair…Photographs And Ambrotypes.  North, of Cleveland, stands without rival in this department of art.  Some of his ambrotypes, are most exquisitely executed.  Ryder, Boisseau, Bisbee, Mrs. Short, and Stimpson, were without merit; some were superior.  Some of these pictures had a peculiar appearance, standing out, as it were, from the glass.

Photographs In Oil, (Life Size.) In this department, there were several competitors.  Among these, North, Pease, Ryder, Boisseau, and Smith, stand prominent.  The rivalship in coloring these photographs in oil, stands chiefly between Smith, Pease, and Boisseau, each of whom has a peculiar style.  The general expression seemed to be in favor of those by Smith, though many preferred those by Pease—others, those by Boisseau.

1891 February 12.  Buffalo Evening News.  (Buffalo, New York.)  February 12, 1891, Vol. XXI, No. 103, P. 2.

Portraits Prof. Boisseau and J. Theo Chabot, Artist.  Oil, Pastel and Crayon Studio—20 Court St.

Advertisement was recorded from February 12 to March 10, 1891.

Buffalo City Directories.  Published by The Courier Company, Buffalo, New York.

1891.

Boisseau, Alfred—Not Listed.

Boisseau, Leon—Artist—75 Delaware Place.

1892.

Boisseau, A.—Professional Artist—17 West Eagle—b—606 Main

Boisseau, Leon—Not Listed.

1893.

Boisseau, A.—Professional Artist—17 West Eagle—b—606 Main

Boisseau, Leon—Not Listed.

Additional directories not available on line.

Wikipedia:

Biography


[1] Craig’s Daguerreian Registry.

[2] Wikipeadia.

[3] Early Painters and Engravers in Canada by J. Russell Harper.

Boggs & Bill

1858                419 Broadway, New York, New York.

1858                491 Broadway, New York, New York.

1858.  New York City Directory.  (New York, New York.)  1858-1859, advertisements P. 23.

Boggs & Bill’s Photographic Gallery, Nos. 419 & 491 Broadway, N. Y.

Pictures Taken In This Gallery Are warranted to have all the beauty and finish and accuracy of delineation that the most critical could desire.  Robt. M. Boggs.  Chas K. Bill.

Bogardus, Abraham

1846                363 Broadway, New York, New York.[1]

1846                Barclay & Greenwich Streets, New York.1

1847-1850       217 Greenwich Street, New York, New York.

1849                126 Washington Street, Newark, New Jersey.1

1850-1851       8 Clinton Street, Newark, New Jersey.1

1851-1863       229 Greenwich Street, Corner Barclay Street, New York, New York.

1862-1879       363 Broadway, New York, New York.

1870-1874       1153 Broadway, New York, New York.

1875-1886       872 Broadway, New York, New York.

1880-1889       349 Sixth Avenue, New York, New York.

1887-1890       11 East 42d Street, New York, New York.

1852 November 25.  New York Daily Tribune.  (New York, New York.)  November 25, 1852, Vol. XII, No. 3622, P. 4.

Daguerreotypes.—A Card.—The undersigned takes this method of reminding his numerous friends and the public of the of the necessity of calling for their pictures during the “early part of the day.”

Our facilities for the executing pictures with accuracy and dispatch are unsurpassed, and yet we are compelled to disappoint hundreds from the fact of their calling “too late.”

During the short days sitting should always be taken before 3 P. M., as the light fails soon after that hour.

N. B.—Extra exertions will be made to supply the demand for pictures during the holidays.

Bogardus, Practical Daguerreotypist, No. 229 Greenwich st., south-east corner Barclay-st.

1853 March 8.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  March 8, 1853, Whole No. 7381, P. 5.

To Daguerreotypist—Wanted A Young Man that understands putting up daguerreotypes.  Apply to Bogardus, 229 Greenwich street.

1853 May 12.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  May 12, 1853, Whole No. 7446, P. 4.

Something Good out of Broadway.—Persons wishing a first class daguerreotype, at a reasonable price, can always depend on a very fine picture, by visiting Bogardus Daguerreotype establishment, 229 Greenwich street, south corner of Barclay.

Advertisement ran on May 12 to 17, 1853.

1856 January 1.  Photographic and fine Arts Journal.  (New York, New York.)  January 1, 1856, Vol. IX, No. 1, P. 19.

In an article entitled the Photographic Galleries of America.  Number One, New York. The author visited 69 Galleries in New York City.

Bogardus — This gentleman is well-known to the public. He has gone through the photographic mill, and mastered all the difficulties of the art. His pictures are sharp, clear and well-developed. They possess an artistic excellence which distinguishes them above the mass. His galleries are very tastefully arranged and the specimens are so placed that their advantages are at once perceived; (this is not often the case.)

We cannot select any one specimen as being superior to the rest, there is an evenness and regularity throughout. Mr. Bogardus seems to have his hands full. He deserves it.

1857 April 28.  The Evening Post.  (New York, New York,)  April 28, 1857, Vol. LVI, P. 2.

We have received from A. Bogardus, No. 229 Greenwich street, a well executed photograph of Columbia College, in its present condition.  As in a few weeks, this venerable pile will be levelled with the ground, so exact a representation of it as this will be ordered by many of its alumni in this city.

1858 February.  The Photographic And Fine Art Journal.  (New York, New York.)  February 1858, Vol. XI, No. 2, P. 63.

We had occasion to visit Mr. Bogardus’ gallery in this city, and were highly pleased, not only with his arrangements, but with the majority of his pictures.  Mr. Bogardus is one of those who attends strictly to his business, pleases his customers, and fines his advantage in the attention he bestows.

1858 February 11.  New York Daily Tribune.  (New York, New York.)  February 11, 1858, Vol. XVII, No. 5245, P. 1.

Photographs of the late Rev. Dr. Knox, from a most perfect daguerreotype, executed a few months before his decease, for sale at Bogardus’s Daguerreotype Establishment, No. 229 Greenwich-st.

1861 April 23.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  April 23, 1861, Whole No. 8992, P. 7.

A First Rate Photographic Printer Wanted at Bogardus’ 229 Greenwich street.

1862 April 26.  Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper.  (New York, New York.)  April 26, 1862, Vol. XIII, No. 337, P. 18.

Bogardus, the well-known Daguerreotypist, has sent us a most excellent likeness of Captain Johnson of the New York 51st, who fell, mortally wounded, while leading a charge at the battle of Newberne.  It was this gallant soldier whose last words were, “I die gladly for my country!”

1862 October 30.  New York Observer.  (New York, New York.)  October 30, 1862, Vol. XL, No. 44, Whole No. 2060, P. 3.

Bogardus’ New Photographic Establishment, 363 Broadway, corner of Franklin, Now Open.  The Premises have been remolded, and every convenience added to insure the comfort of visitors; new Sky-lights constructed, and all the arrangements necessary for the production of first class Photographs in every desirable style.

Special Attention To The Carte De Visite.

My prices are reasonable for fine work.

Having unusual facilities, we shall be able to take sittings with rapidity, not subjecting our customers to tedious delay before sitting.

My Old Gallery, corner Barclay and Greenwich Streets, is still continued, having been in successful operation over 15 years.

Patronage is respectfully solicited.  Abm. Bogardus, 363 Broadway.

1863 May 9.  Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper.  (New York, New York.)  May 9, 1863, Vol. XVI, No. 397, P. 11.

Illustration.  The Late Lieut. Col. Edgar Addison Kimball.  9th N. Y. Vol.—From A Photograph By Bogardus.

1865 January 26.  New York Observer.  (New York, New York.)  January 26, 1865, Vol. XLIII, No. 4, Whole No. 2177, P. 6.

Bogardus, 363 Broadway, has published excellent photographs of Rev. Dr. Ormiston, of Canada, whose many friends in this city will be pleased to obtain this admirable likeness.

1866 February 24.  Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper.  (New York, New York.)  February 24, 1866, Vol. XXL, No. 543, P. 13.

Illustration.  The Rev. Thomas E. Vermilye.  This photograph gives as good a likeness, probably, as there is of Dr. Thomas E, Vermilye, pastor of the Collegiate Dutch Reformed Church of this city.  It was taken by Bogardus…

1867 February 14.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  February 14, 1867, Whole No. 11,125, P. 1.

A Desirable Photograph Gallery For sale for half its value.  Apply to or address Wm. F. [Kidney, care of Bogardus, 363 Broadway.

1872 February 23.  The Jewish Messenger.  (New York, New York.)  February 23, 1872, Vol. 31, No. 8, Whole No. 735, P. 8.

Bogardus & Bendann Brothers’ Photographic & Portrait Galleries No. 1153 Broadway, Near 27th Street, New York.  Photographs in all styles.

Oil and Pastel Portraits in the Highest Style of Art.  Small pictures of deceased persons copied to any size.

Advertisement ran from February 23 to June 28, 1872.

1872 April 19.  The Jewish Messenger.  (New York, New York.)  April 19, 1872, Vol. 31, No. 16, Whole No. 743, P. 2.

Messrs. Bogardus & Bendann Bros. have issued timely photographs of the late Prof. Morse, which excite general admiration.  The large painting of the venerable gentleman, which is on exhibition at their gallery, has been pronounced faultless, recalling vividly the deceased, and forming a rare work of art; and the photographs are faithful reproductions.  Of course, Bogardus enterprise is richly rewarded by the rapid sale of the photographs, in card, cabinet and imperial styles.

1872 July 5.  The Jewish Messenger.  (New York, New York.)  July 5, 1872, Vol. 32, No. 1, Whole No. 753, P. 2.

Bogardus & Bendann Bros., Photographic And Portrait Galleries, 1153 Broadway, (near 27th Street,) N. Y.  Pictures In The Highest Style Of Art At Moderate Prices.  Daniel Bandann.  A. Bogardus.  David Bendann.

Advertisement ran from July 5, 1872 to February 21, 1873.

1873 February 11.  The Evening Post.  (New York, New York.)  February 11, 1873, Vol;. 72, P. 2.

The Firm Of Bogardus & Bendann Bros. is this day dissolved by mutual consent, Bendann Bros. retiring.  A. Bogardus will receive and settle all accounts due to or from the late firm.  Dated New York, Feb. 1, 1873.  Wm, (sic.) Bogardus, Daniel Bendann, David Bendann.

Advertisement ran on February 11 & 12, 1873.

1873 February 27.  New York Observer.  (New York, New York.)  February 27, 1873, Vol. LI, No. 9, Whole No. 2599, P. 3.

Dissolution.  The Partnership heretofore existing under the firm name of Bogardus & Bandenn Brothers, Photographers, is dissolved (the Messrs. Bendann retiring).  The business will in future be conducted by the undersigned, who will, as far as possible, give his personal attention to every Sitter.

Abraham Bogardus, 1153 Broadway, Near 27th Street.

Fine Photographs At Reasonable Prices, and pains will be taken, in every instance, to make satisfactory Pictures.

Old Daguerreotypes, Photographs, &c., enlarged to any desired size, and artistically finished in Oil, Pastel, Crayon, India-ink, &c., &c.

See Specimens On View.  Bogardus, Established 1846.

1889 April 13.  Anthony’s Photographic Bulletin.  (New York, New York.)  April 13, 1889, Vol. XX, No. 7, P. 211-214

Fifty Years of Light, Fifty Years of Practice, Fifty Years of Advancement, What are the Results!

By Abraham Bogardus. Read before the Photographic Section of American Institute.

The daguerreotype on the silver plate, followed by the ambrotype or positive on glass, and now the photograph on paper.

These various productions have followed each other in rapid succession, and the photograph, with its many variations, is the picture of to-day.

Results, did I say ? The exposure in the camera reduced from thirty minutes to the fraction of a second. The at first dim, evanescent image succeeded by the strongly defined impression.

Then, from each sitting but one impression; now, from one sitting impressions without limit. Then, a burdensome and complicated set of apparatus was necessary to secure a picture ; now, a spring is touched and the embryo picture is secured. Then, the nature of the materials used required the immediate and continued prosecution to the finish, no stopping or waiting in any part of the operation; now, there is no limit to the time ; do it at your leisure ; carry your plate thousands of miles, and develop it this year or the next Then, the picture must be under glass for safety; now, they are mailed as freely as any printed matter. These are some of the results.

Little do the general public know of the time, labor and money spent in experimenting to bring about these results. Many expensive and difficult experiments resulted in failure. These were followed by some variations, another trial and another failure; but its votaries were not to be discouraged. Every point, was discussed, every difficulty attacked, until success was attained, and the process has been so simplified that persons of very little skill can practice it with some degree of success.

Honor, all honor, I say, to the pioneers who, by hand and brain, have accomplished all this. Many persons now enjoying the benefit of the labor of these pioneers fail to give credit **to whom credit is due,” and some in their wisdom seem to consider the now easy process as the result of their superior ability ; they say, ** Those old fellows had a hard time to make pictures, but just see how easy we do it.” The hard time those pioneers were having was the means of placing it where you can reach it, my friend.

The usual result of simplifying any difficult process is to place it in the hands of those who never would have touched it had it remained difficult, and they are the first to say, **See how easy it is !” And, as I said last month at the Society of Amateurs, “The men who have worked for half a century to bring photography to its present status know of the difficulties encountered before success was attained, and can better appreciate its worth than the novice who finds his newly purchased satchel to contain everything required, and, as the patent medicine chest says, ‘with full printed directions inside.'”

Somebody acquired knowledge by careful experimenting to prepare and classify those chemicals. Somebody possessed brains enough to write those directions, and that somebody did not find it so easy as the aforesaid novice. Practical knowledge is acquired by hard work and does not come ready-made.

I will just mention one troublesome, and, in fact, incomprehensible, difficulty. The workers of the old wet process will remember the uncertainty in making collodion (plates did not come ready coated then) ; the careful and exact weighing, the mixing and the shaking, and then on trying it we found it worthless. What was to be done ? Why, just buy another lot of ingredients and try it again, and perhaps with the same result ; and these large bottles of worthless collodion are placed on the upper shelf, and another mixture perhaps gives you something to work with, but its results are hardly up to your desires. Now, singular to relate, after those two bottles had “sparked ” on that upper shelf for two or three months, mix their contents together and they will often produce the best work you have made in years. Neither will produce a picture alone, but mix them and the combination seems perfect. When mixing our chemicals we could not tell whether they would be good or good for nothing. So much for the past

I am now going to indulge in imagination. If my audience will go with me, I should like to carry them to a meeting that will probably be held fifty years from to-night It will be the one hundredth anniversary of Daguerre’s discovery. I do not expect to be present on that occasion, but, as I said, we will* imagine ourselves there. It will be held in the year 1939. I do not know the name of the gentleman occupying the President’s chair. I do not know the speaker’s name; he speaks on subjects so far advanced that we do not comprehend him. The audience looks very much like the one assembled here to-night, except that the style of dress is entirely changed. The audience room is fitted up entirely different; the walls, the ceilings, the seats, all belong to an advanced age. And the light ! No gas-light, no electric light or any artificial light; these are as much things of the past as the old dip candle is in our time. Although it is evening, yet the room is lighted by day-light; by a simple contrivance the sunshine is stored in a reservoir during the day, and its rays are released as needed. There are no reporters present; all out of date. An instrument with sounding board is in front of the speaker; it is connected with wires with all the newspaper offices, and gives direct to the compositor in the printing room every word as it is uttered. This instrument is the result of a contrivance by a man named Edison some fifty years before. A venerable antiquarian reads from an old musty book found in his library the report of a meeting of a society called the Photographic Section of the American Institute, held in the City of New York, March 5, 1 889. That meeting celebrated Daguerre’s fiftieth year of discovery. Professor Henry J. Newton was the presiding officer and Messrs. O. G. Mason and J. B. Gardner were the members of his cabinet.

As the venerable man reads the audience laugh heartily at the antiquated ideas promulgated at that meeting, and they congratulate themselves on living in an age when such ignorance in regard to photography has passed away. The officers of that meeting are spoken of as fairly intelligent men for that dark age, but modem inventions had so completely changed everything connected with the process that the complications worried over fifty years before had become obsolete.

The reader said he found page after page occupied in the discussion of dry plates, dark rooms, flash-lights, over-timed and under-timed negatives, amateur outfits, etc. All these terms were out of use and the audience wondered what it all meant

The reader continued, and said at all the society meetings and in all the publications of that day the one subject that seemed to occupy the entire time and attention was something called developer, A member moved a recess of half an hour and the appointment of a Committee to examine the society dictionary and report what developer was, any way. (The dictionary was a book some three feet hy four and two feet tljick, mounted on a frame with rollers for convenience.) The motion was adopted and recess taken. During the recess the audience interested themselves in examining some photographs made fifty years before. These pictures had been carefully preserved, and were highly valued, not for intrinsic worth, but as relics of a former age. They bore the names of Sarony, Kurtz, Falk, Fredricks, Mora, Rockwood, Anderson, Hargrave, Alman and others. These men were spoken of as **old masters.” There were also exhibited some daguerreotypes bearing the stamps of Gumey, Brady, Lawrence, Becker, Bogardus and others, but there was not a person present who had ever made one or knew how they were made. It was stated that at the School of Mines of Columbia College a set of daguerreotype apparatus had been preserved, but the present feculty did not know how to use them.

On re-assembling the Committee asked for time, saying it would be impossible to report before the next meeting, as the subject of developer occupied a large portion of the big book, and the more they read the less they knew ; and they should be obliged to call to their aid all the professors of some college to explain the complication called developer. The remaining time of the meeting was used to show the great advances made since the semi-centennial referred to, and for the men of that day to think they knew anything about photography was simply ridiculous. ‘*Why,” said one worthy brother, “they could not produce a color, and they could not deliver a dozen pictures under several days, as they even printed with nitrate of silver in the sunshine only, and they did not know any better than to fix their prints with hyposulphite of soda, that miserable salt, that eats itself up and bleaches everything it touches.*’

The newspapers of that day, claiming a circulation of as many millions as they now do of thousands, are all printed from negatives. The matter once set «p is immediately photographed on plates the size of the sheet, and as many negatives as are required to print the immense edition are at once supplied.

There are no photograph galleries at that day. An individual carrying a camera under his arm goes from house to house and takes your picture. The lenses are at one end of the box and the finished picture comes out of the other end, if the box is long enough. It’s the make-’em-while-you-wait process.

All the photographic literature was practical. The writers on imaginary theories and impracticable nothings had long since gone to their own place. No demand then for articles on the “Evanescent nature of nothing as compared with the translucent equanimity of the intangible.”

When the meeting adjourned the audience were conveyed to their homes by real rapid transit, propelled by electricity, which had superseded steam ; and by its use time and space were almost annihilated.

There, I think we have been away long enough, and had better come home while it is safe.

1 am asked all kinds of questions. Will the colors ever be photographed?

Well, in this day of wonders I am not going to say. Scientific men say color is a sensation, and when we can photograph a sensation then we shall have the colors. A good story is told of a woman who brought her bouncing baby for a picture. When the operator came with his plate he found her ** spanking” the baby. When asked why she did that she said he always had such a good color after that operation. Still, I do not think the color in this instance was a chemical production. It seems to have been produced by hand.

Question. — Is photography a fine art? That depends on where you get your pictures. If you go down to Coney Island the proprietor is so clam-tiou% for patronage that he does not give much attention to the ‘*art” question ; but many of the pictures produced in Europe, and also in this countn*, show as^ much art in posing, lighting and composition as many of the world- renowned works of art do.

Question. — Will photographs fade? I hope so. I hope the cheap trash now made in quantities will fade, and that right early, and not disgrace this age in the eyes of the next generation.

Question. — Will prices continue to come down ? With the photographer on one side, and the employee, stock dealer and the landlord on the other, I hope not From certain notices at the photographer’s desk, I think it’s the sitter who is obliged to **come down.”

Question.— Is it true that the photograph of the murderer has been seen on. the eyes of the murdered man ? Well, we are using many substances nowadays for photographing, but I have not seen any exhibited on dead men’s eyes* When I see that I shall look for my picture on the eyes of every fish I catch.

Question. — Will the process be still shortened? They are taken prettyquick — so quick that some of the pictures of females seem to have been taken before they had had time to more than half dress themselves.

Question. — How many New York photographers have retired rich?

Question. — Where do photographers go to when they die ? These questions. I will answer when I get the statistics.

New York City Directories:

1844-1846 Not listed in city directories.  Published by John Doggett.

1847 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1847/1848, Published by John Doggett.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 217 Greenwich.

1848 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1848/1849, Published by John Doggett.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 217 Greenwich.

1849 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1849/1850, Published by John Doggett.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 217 Greenwich, H – Newark.

1850 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1850/1851, Published by John Doggett.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 217 Greenwich, H – Newark.

1851 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1851/1852, Published by Doggett & Rode.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 229 Greenwich, H – Grove Between Bleecker & Bedford.

1852 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1852/1853, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 229 Greenwich, H – 36 King.

1853 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1853/1854, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 229 Greenwich, H – 36 King.

1854 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1854/1855, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 229 Greenwich, H – 45 West 29th.

1855 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1855/1856, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 229 Greenwich, H – 45 West 29th.

1856 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1856/1857, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 229 Greenwich, H – 45 West 29th.

1857 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1857/1858, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 229 Greenwich, H – 45 West 29th.

1858 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1858/1859, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 229 Greenwich, H – 45 West 29th.

1859 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1859/1860, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 229 Greenwich, H – 45 West 29th.

1860 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1860/1861, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 229 Greenwich, H – 45 West 29th.

1861 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1861/1862, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, daguerreotypes, 229 Greenwich, H – 45 West 29th.

1862 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1862/1863, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 363 Broadway & 229 Greenwich, H – 45 West 29th.

1863 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1863/1864, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 363 Broadway & 229 Greenwich, H – 45 West 29th.

1864 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1864/1865, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 363 Broadway, H – 45 West 29th.

1865 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1865/1866, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 363 Broadway, H – 45 West 29th.

1866 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1866/1867, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 363 Broadway, H – 45 West 29th.

1867 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1867/1868, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 363 Broadway, H – 45 West 29th.

1868 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1868/1869, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographer, 363 Broadway, H – 45 West 29th.

1869 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1869/1870, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 363 Broadway, H – 45 West 29th.

1870 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1870/1871, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 363 & 1153 Broadway, H – 45 West 29th.

1871 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1871/1872, Published by John Fowler Trow.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 363 & 1153 Broadway, H – 45 West 29th.

1872 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1872/1873, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 1153 Broadway, H – 45 West 29th.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 363 Broadway, H – 45 Charles.

Bogardus Photographic Establishment, 363 Broadway.

Bogardus & Bendann Brothers, photographs, 1153 Broadway.

Bendann, Daniel, photographs, 1153 Broadway.

Bendann, David, photographs, 1153 Broadway, H – St. George.

1873 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1873/1874, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, Abraham, Photographic Establishment, 1153 Broadway, H – 35 West 50th.

Bogardus Photographic Establishment, 363 Broadway, corner Franklin.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 363 Broadway, H – 45 Charles.

Bendann, Daniel, photographs, 1134 Broadway, H – 28 West 45th.

Bendann, David, photographs, 1134 Broadway, H – 28 West 45th.

1874 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1874/1875, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, Abraham, Photographic Establishment, 1153 Broadway, H – 35 West 50th.

Bogardus Photographic Establishment, 363 Broadway, corner Franklin.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 363 Broadway, H – New Jersey.

1875 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1875/1876, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, Abraham, Photographic Establishment, 872 Broadway, H – 36 West 50th.

Bogardus Photographic Establishment, 363 Broadway, corner Franklin.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 363 Broadway.

1876 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1876/1877, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, Abraham, Photographic Establishment, 872 Broadway corner 18th, H – L. I.

Bogardus Photographic Establishment, 363 Broadway, corner Franklin.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 363 Broadway, H – Nyack.

1877 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1877/1878, Published by Jo Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, Abraham, Photographic Establishment, 872 Broadway corner 18th, H – L. I.

Bogardus Photographic Establishment, 363 Broadway, corner Franklin.  The only gallery where photos are produced by the blue light.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 363 Broadway, H – Nyack.

1878 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1878/1879, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus The original old downtown photographic gallery, 363 Broadway, corner Franklin. 

Bogardus, Abraham, Photographic Establishment, 872 Broadway corner 18th, H – L. I.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 363 Broadway, H – New Jersey.

1879 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1879/1880, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus The original old downtown photographer,  clubs of 10 &15 a specialty, 363 Broadway, corner Franklin. 

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 872 Broadway corner 18th, H – 1455 Lexington Ave.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 363 Broadway, H – New Jersey.

1880 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1880/1881, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus The original old town photographer has removed to 349 6th Ave.,  between 21st & 22d Streets.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 872 Broadway corner 18th, H – 222 East 117th.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 349 Broadway Sixth Ave.

1881 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1881/1882, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus The original old downtown photographer has removed to his new studio 349 Sixth Ave.,  between 21st & 22d Streets.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 872 Broadway corner 18th, H – 1455 Lexington Ave.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 349 Broadway Sixth Ave.

1882 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1882/1883, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 872 Broadway, H – 1455 Lexington Ave.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 349 Broadway Sixth Ave.

1883 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1883/1884, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, photographer 349 Sixth Ave., between 21st & 22d Streets, formerly 363 Broadway corner Franklin.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 872 Broadway, H – 1455 Lexington Ave.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 349 Broadway Sixth Ave, H – Nyack, New York.

1884 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1884/1885, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, photographer, The old reliable 349 Sixth Ave., between 21st & 22d Streets, formerly of Broadway corner Franklin.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 872 Broadway, H – 1455 Lexington Ave.

Bogardus, Abraham & Co., photographs 872 Broadway

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 349 Broadway Sixth Ave, H – Nyack, New York.

1885 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1885/1886, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, photographer, The old reliable 349 Sixth Ave., between 21st & 22d Streets, formerly of Broadway corner Franklin.  Imperials $5,00 per doz.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 872 Broadway, H – 1455 Lexington Ave.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 349 Broadway Sixth Ave, H – Nyack, New York.

1886 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1886/1887, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, photographer, The old reliable 349 Sixth Ave., between 21st & 22d Streets, formerly of Broadway corner Franklin.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 872 Broadway, H – 1455 Lexington Ave.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 349 Broadway Sixth Ave, H – Nyack, New York.

1887 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1887/1888, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, photographer, The old reliable 349 Sixth Ave., between 21st & 22d Streets, formerly of Broadway corner Franklin.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 811 East 42d (on Broadway upwards of 30 years), H – 1455 Lexington Ave.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 349 Broadway Sixth Ave, H – Nyack, New York.

1888 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1888/1889, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, photographer, The old reliable 349 Sixth Ave., between 21st & 22d Streets, formerly of Broadway corner Franklin.

Bogardus, Abraham, photographs, 811 East 42d (on Broadway upwards of 30 years), H – 1455 Lexington Ave.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 349 Broadway Sixth Ave, H – Nyack, New York.

Bogardus Photographic Parlors 11 East 42d.

1889 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1889/1890, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus, photographer, The old reliable 349 Sixth Ave., between 21st & 22d Streets, formerly of Broadway.

Bogardus, Abraham, No occupation listed.  H – 1455 Lexington Ave.

Bogardus, Edward W, photographer, 349 Broadway Sixth Ave, H – Nyack, New York.

Bogardus Photographic Parlors 11 East 42d.

1890 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.) 1890/1891, Published by Trow City Directories.

Bogardus Photographic Parlors 11 East 42d.

1891 New York City Directories.  (New York, New York.)  1891/1892, Published by Trow City Directories.

Not listed.

[1] The American Daguerreotype, Floyd & Marion Rinhart P. 383.

Blauvelt, Peter H.

1855-1856              395 Broadway, New York, New York.

1855 July 31.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  July 31, 1855, Whole No. 6912, P. 6.

D. D. Nash, Auctioneer—Store 310 Broadway.—Sheriff sale on Wednesday, August 1, at 10 o’clock A. M., at 395 Broadway, third story, consisting of a lot of furniture, carpets, &c., together with all the right, title and interest of Peter H. Blauvelt, of, in and to the daguerreotype apparatus property in said premises, being his portion and interest in the copartnership property of Wilmarth & Blauvelt.

1856 April 3.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  April 3, 1856, Whole No. 7157, P. 2.

Daguerrean Gallery To Let—No. 395 Broadway; one of the best locations in the city; excellent light, &c.  Apply to A. M. & R. Davis, on the premises, 2d floor.

Blauvelt, Isaac A.

1855                177 Greenwich Street, near Courtlandt, New York, New York.

1856-1857       383 Broadway, New York, New York.

1857                233 Greenwich Street, New York New York.

1858                231 & 233 Greenwich Street, corner Barclay, New York, New York.

1858                373 Broadway, New York, New York.

1858                525 Columbia Street, South Brooklyn, New York.

1855 October 29.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  October 29, 1855, Whole No. 7001, P. 1.

$20 Reward.—Stolen, On Saturday Evening.  September 29, from 177 Greenwich street, one large showcase, containing many valuable portraits, and some of deceased friends.  Any person giving information of the same and procuring the return of the article, will receive the above reward and thanks, by Isaac A. Blauvelt, 177 Greenwich st., daguerreotypist.

1855 October 29.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  October 29, 1855, Whole No. 7001, P. 6.

Daguerreotype operator Wanted.—A First rate hand, with good references, (and none other need apply,) will find steady employment by applying to Isaac A. Blauvelt, 177 Greenwich st., near Courtlandt.

1856 August 15.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  August 15, 1856, Whole No. 7290, P. 6.

To Daguerreotypists.—Wanted A Man, Who thoroughly understands the ambro and photograph types, and can come well recommended, at 383 Broadway.  None others need apply.  Call on Isaac A. Blauvelt, 383 Broadway.

1857 April 6.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  April 6, 1857, Whole No. 7523, P. 8.

Wanted—A Man Who Understands the Daguerreotype and ambrotype business, where he can have steady employment, at 383 Broadway.  Blauvelt.

1857 June 30.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  June 30, 1857, Whole No. 7608, P. 6.

Artist Wanted—One Who Understands The ambrotype and photograph business thoroughly, and can come well recommended.  None other need apply.  Inquire of J. A. Blauvely, 233 Greenwich st., corner of Barclay.

1858 March 26.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  March 26, 1857, Whole No. 7875, P. 6.

A Photographer Wanted.—A Man Who Understands ambrotyping and photographing thoroughly, where steady employment will be given at fair wages, and can come well recommended; none other need apply to J. A. Blauvelt, 231 and 233 Greenwich street, corner Barclay.

1858 March 30.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  March 30, 1858, Whole No. 7879, P. 9.

To Photographers And Ambrotypists.—One who thoroughly understands the business and of good qualifications, obliging to the public, and can come well recommended, may get steady employment, at fair wages.  A middle aged man preferred.  Inquire J. A. Blauvelt, 231 and 233 Greenwich st., corner of Barclay.

1858 October 21.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  October 21, 1858, Whole No. 8083, P. 2.

For Sale—A Photograph Establishment, fitted up in neat style, with two skylights, 16 feet by 20, with all materials for photographing, ambrotyping, and daguerreotyping; low rent; will be sold at a low valuation, as the owner has other business to attend to; now doing a good business.  Inquire at Blauvelt Brother’s Rooms No. 373 Broadway.

1858 December 22.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  December 22, 1858, Whole No. 8145, P. 3.

Ambrotype Rooms For Sale—With Stock And fixtures complete; will sell on account of the owner going to Cuba, Apply at 525 Columbia Street, South Brooklyn.  J. H. Blauvelt.

Blauvelt Brothers

1858                373 Broadway, New York, New York.

1858 October 21.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  October 21, 1857, Whole No. 8083, P. 2.

For Sale—A Photograph Establishment, fitted up in neat style, with two skylights, 16 feet by 20, with all materials for photographing, ambrotyping, and daguerreotyping; low rent; will be sold at a low valuation, as the owner has other business to attend to; now doing a good business.  Inquire at Blauvelt Brother’s Rooms No. 373 Broadway.

Bill, Charles K.

1858                419 Broadway, New York, New York.

1858                491 Broadway, New York, New York.

1858.  New York City Directory.  (New York, New York.)  1858-1859, advertisements P. 23.

Boggs & Bill’s Photographic Gallery, Nos. 419 & 491 Broadway, N. Y.

Pictures Taken In This Gallery Are warranted to have all the beauty and finish and accuracy of delineation that the most critical could desire.  Robt. M. Boggs.  Chas K. Bill.

Beniczky, Kornel W.

1854-1856       293 Broadway, New York, New York.

1857-1860       65 Chatham, New York, New York.

1860                210 Bowery, New York, New York.

1862-1873       2 New Chambers, New York, New York.

1863                151 Fourth, New York, New York.

1853  New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1853/1854 published by John Fowler Trow.

Not listed in residence directory.

1854  New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1854/1855 published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, K. W.—Daguerreotypes, 293 Broadway.

1855  New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1855/1856 published by John Fowler Trow.

Not listed in residence directory.

1856  New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1856/1857 published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Kornel W.—Artist, 293 Broadway.

Burgess, Nathan G., (Burgess & Beniczky), Photographers, 293 Broadway.

1857  New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1857/1858 published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Cornelius—Photographer, 65 Chatham, h-287 Fourth.

Burgess, Nathan G., (Burgess & Beniczky), Photographers, 293 Broadway.

1858  New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1858/1859 published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Cornelius—Photographer, 65 Chatham

1859  New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1859/1860 published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Kornel W.—Photographer, 65 Chatham, h-114 Chrystle

1860  New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1860/1861 published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Kornel W. & Co.—Photographers, 209 Bowery & 65 Chatham, h289 Madison.

1861  New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1861/1862 published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Kornel W.  Not listed.

1862  New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1862/1863 published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Cornelius W.—Photographer—2 New Chambers, h-289 Madison

1863 New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1863/1864 published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Cornelius W.—Photographer—2 New Chambers,& 151 Fourth,  h-59 West Washington Place.

1864 New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1864/1865 published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Kornel W.—Photographer—2 New Chambers, h-59 West Washington Place.

1865 New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1865/1866 published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Kornel W.—Photographer—2 New Chambers, h-59 West Washington Place.

1866 New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1866/1867 published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Kornel W.—Photographer—2 New Chambers, h-82 Sixth Ave.

1867-1873 New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1867/1868-1873/1874, published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Kornel W.—Photographer—2 New Chambers, h-59 West Washington Place.

1874 New York City Directories (New York, New York.)  1874/1875, published by John Fowler Trow.

Beniczky, Sarah, wid. Kornel W.—Photographer—2 New Chambers, h-59 West Washington Place.

1856 April 16.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  April 16, 1856, Whole No. 7170, P. 6.

To Artists.—Wanted. An Artist, Who Understands the art of painting photographs, to go to a Southern city, to whom a liberal price will be paid.  Apply immediately at Burgess & Beniczky’s photographic gallery. 293 Broadway, up stairs.

1856 May 6.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  May 6, 1856, Whole No. 7190, P. 5.

Pearl Ambrotypes.—A New Discovery in ambrotypes.—Pearl ambrotypes, which possess all the brilliancy and whiteness of a daguerreotype, are taken only at 293 Broadway, by Burgess & Beniczey (sic.).  Pupils taught this new art.  Photographs taken for $1; colored, for $5, by A. Cosmas, artist, from Paris.

1856 June 17.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  June 17, 1856, Whole No. 7237, P. 7.

For Sale—A Splendid Uniform Belonging to an officer of the 69th Regiment N. Y. S. M., consisting of cap, coat, epaulettes, sword, belt, pants, &c.  To be sold low, on immediate application at Burgresss and Beniczky’s photographic rooms, 293 Broadway.

1856 October 27.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  October 27, 1856, Whole No. 7363, P. 5.

Fremont, Filmore and Buchanan.—Ambrotype portraits of Presidential candidates for sale, wholesale and retail, by Burgess & Beniczky, No. 293 Broadway.  Agents wanted.

1873 December 2.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  December 2, 1873, Whole No. 13,617, P. 8.

Mortuary Notice.  Beniczky.  On Monday December 1, at his residence, No. 59 West Washington Place, K. W/ Beniczky, aged 43 years.

Beals, Albert J.

1847                175 Broadway, New York, New York.

1847-1853       156 Broadway, between Maiden-Lane and Liberty Street, New York, New York.

1847 March 30.  Long Island Farmer, and Queens County Advertiser.  (Jamaica, New York.)  March 30, 1847, Vol. XIV, No. 51, P. 3.

To The World.  A. J. Beals has now reduced his Premium One Dollar Daguerrean Likenesses from $3 to $1, including a handsome Morocco case; Gold and plated Lockets and frames of all kinds.  His rooms are No. 156 and 175 Broadway.  Please preserve this card Advertisement ran on March 30 & April 6, 1847.

1847 April 7.  Delaware Gazette.  (Delhi, New York.)  April 7, 1847, Vol. XXVIII, No. 26, P. 3.

To The World.  A. J. Beals has now reduced his Premium One Dollar Daguerrean Likenesses from $3 to $1, including a handsome Morocco case; Gold and plated Lockets and frames of all kinds.  His rooms are No. 156 and 175 Broadway.  Please preserve this card Advertisement ran on April 7 & 14, 1847.

1847 April 13.  Geneva Courier.  (Geneva, New York.)  April 13, 1847, Vol. XVII, No. 17, Whole No. 850, P. 3.

To The World.  A. J. Beals has now reduced his Premium One Dollar Daguerrean Likenesses from $3 to $1, including a handsome Morocco case; Gold and plated Lockets and frames of all kinds.  His rooms are No. 156 and 175 Broadway.  Please preserve this card Advertisement ran from April 13 to 27, 1847.

1847 October 6.  Delaware Gazette.  (Delhi, New York.)  October 6, 1847, Vol. XXVIII, No. 52, P. 3.

To The World!!  A. J. Beals’ Premium One Dollar Daguerrean Portrait Gallery, Nos. 156 and 175 Broadway.  A likeness, including a handsome morocco case for One Dollar.  Gold and Plated Lockets of all descriptions, and stock of all kinds, Wholesale and retail.  Preserve this card and be sure you don’t lose it.

Advertisement ran on October 6 to 27, 1847.

1847 September 22.  Broome Republican.  (Binghamton, New York.)  September 22, 1847, Vol. XXVI, No. 8, Whole No. 1258, P. 3.

To The World!!  A. J. Beals’ Premium One Dollar Daguerrean Portrait Gallery, Nos. 156 and 175 Broadway.  A likeness, including a handsome morocco case for one dollar.  Gold and plated lockets of all descriptions, and stock of all kinds, Wholesale and retail.  Preserve this card and be sure you don’t lose it.

Advertisement ran on September 22 to October 13, 1847.

1847 September 22.  The Constitution.  (Middletown, Connecticut.)  September 22, 1847, Vol. X, No. 508, P. 3.

New York Fall Trade,  1847.  To County Merchants…

To The World!!  A. J. Beals’ Premium One Dollar Daguerrean Portrait Gallery, Nos. 156 and 175 Broadway,  A likeness including a handsome morrocco case for one dollar.  Gold and plated Lockets of all descriptions, and stock of a kinds wholesale and retail.  Preserve this card, and be sure you don’t lose it.

Advertisement ran from September22 to October 13, 1847.

1848 June 28.  New York Daily Tribune.  (New York, New York.)  June 28, 1848, Vol. VIII, No. 94, Whole No. 2274, P. 1.

A New And Great Discovery for rendering Daguerreotype indelible, at A. J. Beals’ Premium One Dollar Daguerrean Gallery.  N. B.—156 Broadway, third floor, between Maiden-lane and Liberty-st.—has no connection with any other room or establishment in the city.         jy. 26. Advertisement ran from June 28 to August 22, 1848.

1848 August 8.  New York Daily Tribune.  (New York, New York.)  August 8, 1848, Vol. VIII, No. 103, Whole No. 2283, P. 3.

Wanted—The person that borrowed or stole a lady’s picture or daguerreotype from my room to return it, or he will see his name in full.         A. J. Beals, 156 Broadway.                        Au. 8.

1849 December 17.  New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  December 17, 1849, Whole No. 5672, P. 2.

$250 Reward.—I will bet this amount that A. J. Beals, of No. 156 Broadway, between Maiden Lane and Liberty street, will for One Dollar, take as good a daguerreotype, and put it up in as good style, as any other established will for $3, and warrant them not to fade.  Please call and examine his specimens, No. 156 Broadway, A. J. Beal’s, over Bebee & Co.’s hat store.

Advertisement ran on December 17, 22, 24, 25 & 31, 1849.

1849 December 31.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  December 31, 1849, Whole No. 5686, P. 3.

Wanted—The Person That Stole A Picture taken of a lady living in Brooklyn, with black dress, black eyes, and arms folded, to return said daguerreotype, or I will expose said person as a thief, and deal with him accordingly.  A. J. Beals, No. 156 Broadway.

1850 February 11.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  February 11, 1850, Whole No. 5727, P. 2.

$100 Reward.—For One Dollar—11, 570 Daguerreotypes were taken by A. J. Beals the past year.  The above paid to any person producing one of his Patent Daguerreotypes that ever fade.  Yes, in a beautiful case you can now get one of his premium pictures for One Dollar.  NO. 156 Broadway, between Maiden Lane and Liberty street.

1850 February 16.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  February 16, 1850, Whole No. 5732, P. 2.

The Greatest Business in Daguerreotypes—And truly the most beautiful are taken at A. J. Beal’s One Dollar Premium Daguerreotype Gallery.  He is now taking his Patent Daguerreotype inclosed in a handsome case, dollar, without regard to weather.  N. B.—Pupils on reasonable terms.  Stock of all kinds.  156 Broadway, between Maiden Lane and Liberty street.

Advertisement ran on February 16 & 18, 1850.

1850 March 4.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  March 4, 1850, Whole No. 5748, P. 2.

The Public are respectfully informed, and it is generally known that those clear, bold, soft toned and truly rich Daguerreotypes are taken by A. J. Beals, but we wish to have it known the he now is taking his patent Daguerreotype Likenesses for One Dollar.  N. B. Pupils taught on reasonable terms, and stock of all kinds.  156 Broadway, near Liberty street.

1850 March 18.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  March 18, 1850, Whole No. 5762, P. 2.

New and Great Discovery.—A New Process for Rendering Daguerreotypes Indelible.—The great difficulty hitherto with Daguerreotype Likenesses, has to fix the impression.  This great desideratum has at length been attained at A. J. Beals’ Premium One Dollar Daguerrean Gallery, 156 Broadway. 3d floor, east side of Broadway, between Maiden Lane and Liberty street.

1850 April 6.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  April 6, 1850, Whole No. 5781, P. 4.

New and Great Discovery.—A New Process for rendering Daguerreotypes indelible, has at length been attained at A. J. Beals Premium One Dollar Daguerrean Gallery, No. 156 Broadway, east side between Maiden lane and Liberty street.  Pupils taught the latest improvements on reasonable terms.  Stock of all kinds.

1850 April 8.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  April 8, 1850, Whole No. 5783, P. 2.

$100 Reward.—For One Dollar.—11,570 Daguerreotypes were taken by A. J. Beals the past year.  The above paid to any person producing one of his Patent Daguerreotypes that ever faded.  Yes, in a beautiful case, you can now get one of his premium pictures for One Dollar.  No. 156Broadway, between Maiden Lane and Liberty street.

1850 April 13.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  April 13, 1850, Whole No. 5788, P. 3.

$250 Reward.—To Californians—That I , A. J. Beals, No. 156 Broadway, between Maiden lane and Liberty street, will, for One Dollar, take as good a Daguerreotype, put up in as good style, as any other establishment for $3, and warrant not to fade.  Please call and examine specimens at his room.

1850 April 21.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  April 21, 1850, Whole No. 5796, P. 3.

$500 Reward—To any person who will produce one of A. J. Beal’s One Dollar Premium Daguerreotypes that ever faded; his Daguerreotypes are put up in as good style as those that charge $3, and warranted never to fade, at A. J. Beal’s, No. 156 Broadway, between Maiden lane and Liberty street, over Beebe’s hat store.

Advertisement ran on April 21 & 22, 1850.

1850 April 27.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  April 27, 1850, Whole No. 5802, P. 2.

$500 Reward—To any person who will produce one of A. J. Beal’s One Dollar Premium Daguerreotypes that ever faded; his Daguerreotypes are put up in as good style as those that charge $3, and warranted never to fade, at A. J. Beal’s, No. 156 Broadway, between Maiden lane and Liberty street, over Beebe’s hat store.

1850 May 13.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  May 13, 1850, Whole No. 5818, P. 2.

Special Notice.—A. J. Beal’s One Dollar Patent Daguerreotypes are at his old rooms, No. 156 Broadway, over Beebe & Co.’s hat store, opposite Rathbun’s Hotel, and has no connection with any other room in the city.—Portraits warranted for $1, in a handsome case.  N. B.—No, 156 Broadway, between Maiden lane and Liberty st.

1850 May 25.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  May 25, 1850, Whole No. 5829, P. 3.

A New And Great Discovery.—A New Process for rendering Daguerreotypes indelible, has at length been attained at A. J. Beal’s Premium One Dollar Daguerrean Gallery, No. 156 Broadway, east side, between Maiden lane and Liberty street.  Pupils taught the latest improvements on reasonable terms.  Stock of all kinds;

1850 June 1.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  June 1, 1850, Whole No. 5836, P. 2.

Important.—We advise those that want a perfect Likeness, and one that never will fade, to call at A. J. Beal’s, and get one of his Patent Daguerreotypes.  His price is but $1, and he is now considered the first in this great art.  N. B.—No. 156 Broadway, east side, over Beebe & Co.’s Hat Store.

1850 June 17.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  June 17, 1850, Whole No. 5852, P. 2.

The Great Discovery.—A. J. Beals, [will] learn the Daguerrean Art, with the latest improvements, including his Patent, which he has just received, to any one now wishing to learn the art, on reasonable terms.  Likenesses reduced from $3 to $1, in a beautiful case.  Stock of all kinds at No. 156 Broadway, east side, over Beebe & Co.’s Hat Store.

1850 June 24.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  June 24, 1850, Whole No. 5859, P. 3.

The greatest Wonder of the Age is how A. J. Beals can take his beautiful Patent Daguerreotypes for $1. While others charge $3 for daguerreotypes, and not near so good.  We would recommend our readers to give this old establishment a call, if they desire a good likeness in a handsome case.  No. 156 Broadway. east side, over Beebe & Co.’s Hat store.

1850 July 28.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  July 28, 1850, Whole No. 5892, P. 3.

Daguerreotyping.—We would advise all that wish to learn this great art, with all its late improvements, and on reasonable terms, to call on A. J. Beals, for he never fails in taking a picture, and guarantees to learn his pupils the same.  Daguerreotypes for $1.  Stock of all kinds.  No. 156 Broadway, east side, over Beebe’s hat store.

1850 August 10.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  August 10, 1850, Whole No. 5905, P. 2.

$500 Reward—To any person who will produce one of A. J. Beals One Dollar Premium Daguerreotypes that ever faded: his Daguerreotypes are put up in as good style as those that charge $3, and warranted never to fade, at A. J. Beal’s, No. 156 Broadway, between Maiden lane and Liberty street, over Beebe’s hat store.

1850 August 26.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  August 26, 1850, Whole No. 5921, P. 2.

To Daguerreans.—The Electric Buffs, or the knowledge for preparing them, can be had for the nominal sum of $5, of A. J. Beals, (the only agent for this State and city.)  His buff will lessen the time of taking a picture over two thirds.  Pupils taught the art on reasonable terms, including the knowledge of making these buffs.  Call or address at A. J. Beals, No. 156 Broadway, east side, over Beebe & Co.’s hat store.  Likenesses taken for $1, and warranted.

1850 October 5.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  October 5, 1850, Whole No. 5960, P. 2.

Jenny Lind’s Portraits.—The best and most correct one that has been taken, was by A. J. Beals, at his Premium One Dollar Daguerrean Gallery.  We advise those that want a perfect likeness, to call at his Rooms, and there you can get a correct one, in a beautiful case, for one dollar, at No. 156 Broadway, east side, between maiden Lane and Liberty street, over Beebe & Co.’s Hat store.

1850 October 28.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  October 28, 1850, Whole No. 5983, P. 2.

$500—There appears to be some dissatisfaction among some of the renowned and wonderful artists, as they style themselves, because A. J. Beals took the medal.  $500 is ready for any of those coughers and blowers, if they can take any size picture with A. J. Beals, who only charges $1 for his Daguerreotypes.  No. 156 Broadway, over Beebe & Co.’s Hat Store, between Maiden Lane and Liberty street.

1850 November 9.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  November 9, 1850, Whole No. 5995, P. 4.

$500 Challenge.—We, the undersigned, do agree that A. J. Beals’ four Daguerreotype Pictures are the best, viz: For depth of tone and finish in every respect, thereby awarding him the money, $500.  Judges, T. T. Rosch, A. B. Anthony, J. B. Plumb, L. O. Root.  N. B.—We advise our friends and the people to call at his rooms, and there they can get a correct likeness for One Dollar, in a beautiful case.  No. 156 Broadway, over Beebe & Co.’s Hat Store.

1850 November 11.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  November 11, 1850, Whole No. 5997, P. 2.

$500 Challenge.—We see that A. J. Beals has made or won the money, and it is as we expected; and all we have to say to our readers is to call at his rooms, and there you can get as good, if not the best, daguerreotype likenesses in the city, and warranted never to fade, in a beautiful case. for one dollar, at No. 156 Broadway, between Maiden lane and Liberty street, over Beebe & Co.’s hat store.

1850 December 5.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  December 5, 1850, Whole No. 6021, P. 2.

The Greatest Discovery In Daguerreotyping.—A. J. Beals has just received a patent for daguerreotyping a new style on silver, and much superior to those pretended to be taken on Ivory, producing exquisitely beautiful likenesses with all the beauty of a painting.  N. B.—And his price is but $1 plain; $1.50 colored.  Will be open Thanksgiving day.  No. 156 Broadway, between Maiden lane and Liberty street, opposite Rathbun’s Hotel.

1851 January 25.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  January 25, 1851, Whole No. 6069, P. 4.

$500 Reward.—A Wonderful Discovery In Daguerreotyping.  A. J. Beals is now taking his beautiful Ivory pictures, for only one dollar, in a beautiful case; we recommend our readers, and all those that want a good and correct likeness, to call at his rooms and examine his specimens—he warrants his pictures never to fade.  Gold lockets of all kinds.  Rooms No. 156 Broadway, east side, between Maiden lane and Liberty street, opposite Rathbun’s Hotel—Rooms established in 1846.

1851 May 24.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  May 24, 1851, Whole No. 6787, P. 5.

$500 Reward.—A. J. Beals is the inventor of the ivory finished Daguerreotype, and at his rooms they can now be had, and at no other place in the city.  These Daguerreotypes are much superior to the old style.  N. B.—We advise our friends by all means to get one.  The price is only $1 to $10, at No. 156 Broadway, east side, between Liberty street and Maiden lane.  Hill’s great book for taking colors, now ready for sale at Beals’.

1851 June 5.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  June 5, 1851, Whole No. 6799, P. 5.

Wanted—A Boy—One That Would Like To lean the Daguerreotype art preferred, and one that can bring the best references for honesty and industry.  Wages, one hundred dollars the first year, and increased.  Call at No. 156 Broadway, up stairs.  A. J. Beals.

1851 October 27.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  October 27, 1851, Whole No. 6941, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes That \Will Not Fade For one dollar, taken by J. Beals, 156 Broadway, three doors from Liberty street.  All pictures warranted taken at my rooms.  N. B.—None but Peter Funk’s daguerreotypes rooms will try to humbug a fifty cent picture and deceive a respectable person—none but daubs will attempt it.

Advertisement ran on October 27 & 28, 1851.

1852 July 19.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  July 19, 1852, Whole No. 7200, P. 2.

$100 Reward.—To the best Daguerreotype Blower—The Peter Funk Daguerreotypist can now blow away and make their poetry &c. to some purpose.  The reward will be paid by A. J. Beals, at his one dollar Daguerrean gallery.  No. 156 Broadway, near Liberty street.  N. B.—Daguerreotypes taken for six cents.

1852 August 19.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  August 19, 1852, Whole No. 7231, P. 7.

Starting Intelligence.—Death of the fifty cent Peter Funk daguerreotype family—they are fast dropping off.  The death warrant or the red flag will fetch them all ere long, for such humbug artists cannot deceive the people long.  N. B. –We advertise all who want a perfect likeness, and one that will never fade, to call at A. J. Beal’s premium one Dollar Daguerrean Gallery, No. 156 Broadway, near Liberty street, established in 1840.  N. B.—Wanted a first rate operator, and none other need apply, unexceptionable references required.

1853 August 19.  Semi-Weekly Tribune.  (New York, New York.)  August 19, 1853. Vol. VIII, No. 859. P. 1.

The Exhibition At The Crystal Palace.  XVI. American Art—Daguerreotypes.  If there be any one department in the whole building which is peculiarly American, and in which the country shines prominent, it is in that of Daguerreotypes, which are exhibited below stairs; and the collection, which is an extensive one, is made up of contributions from almost every section of the Union where the art is practiced.  In contrasting the specimens of art which are taken herewith those taken in European countries, the excellence of American pictures is evident, which is [to] be accounted for by several reasons.  In the first place, American skies are freer from fogs and clouds—from bituminous coal not being much used, the atmosphere of our cities is free from smoke, at least upon the Atlantic coasts.  Then the chemicals and processes are, generally speaking, of a more sensitive character, and the apparatus is more convenient and suitable than that of Europe.  Our little inventions come into play and aid in saving time and developing a good picture, and last, though perhaps not least our people are readier in picking up processes and acquiring the mastery of the art than our trans-Atlantic rivals.  Not that we understand the science better, but the detail of the work is acquired in a shorter time by us, while the enormous practice which our operators enjoy combines to render the daguerreotype art a necessary adjunct to the comfort of life.  Does a child start on the journey of existence and leave his “father’s hall” forthwith the little image is produced to keep his memory green..  Does the daughter accept the new duties of matron, or does the venerated parent descend into the grave; what means so ready to revive their recollection?  Does the lover or the husband go to Australia or California, and not exchange with the beloved one the image of what afforded so much delight to gaze upon?  The readiness with which a likeness may be obtained, the truthfulness of the image and the smallness of cost, render it the current pledge of friendship, and the immense number of operators who are supported by the art in this country shows how widely the love of sun-pictures is diffused.  Several thousand industrious artists and artisans are occupied in the preparation of very pure chemicals, as bromine, iodine, gold salts, hyperphosphate of soda.  Another class prepare silvered plates, cases, buffs, gilding, cut glass, and a hundred little addenda.  Then the manufacture of cameras and the grinding of good lenses is an important branch of the business; for without a camera having good lenses the best operator would fail to produce an image which would be distinct or saleable; and even with a good Voigtlander or Harrison camera, it requires great skill to focus the image; for, strange as it may appear, the point where a good view of the sitter is obtained is not the point best adapted for bringing out a good picture.  In other words the focus of vision and the focus of chemical action are not the same, and hence when we have the one we lose the other.  This is owing to the fact that it is not the rays of color on the solar spectrum which produce the image, but a different set of rays, viz: those of chemical action; and since this is the case, we submit the opinion that it is not possible to obtain a daguerreotype in its natural colors, as Mr. Hill and others have been trying to delude our operators into believing, and leading themselves and others by the [iguis fatuus] of plates tortured into iridescent colors by chemical oxidation.  But we are getting discursive upon this beautiful art, which was intended to subserve many other useful purposes than that of portrait painting.

Everybody known how difficult it is to keep silver from tarnishing, and that the action of the light is to destroy all preparations of silver.  Some of these are more readily acted on by light than others—are more sensitive, as it is termed.  Such are the iodide, bromide, and chloride of silver.  These salts cannot be kept exposed to the light for any reason, even a very short time, without undergoing some change; and when a plate of silver has a thin layer of iodine and bromine on its surface; and is placed in a camera, as soon as the screen is raised the image of the sitter falls on the plate.  The silver plate is acted on unequally, producing the effects of light and shade when brought out, as it is termed, by exposure to the vapor of quicksilver.  It is then fixed or prevented from undergoing further change, by washing it with a solution of gold.

To produce a daguerreotype picture there are five operations necessary.  The first is cleaning the plate.  This is the stumbling block of most operators.  They are not cleanly enough.  Several views in this Exhibition show that the plates were not well enough cleaned.  Never was a maxim more true than the old one, that “cleanliness is a virtue”—when it has reference to daguerreotyping.  The second the second is the foundation of the sensitive iodide of silver over the surface of the plate.  The third is the adjusting the plate in the camera obscura, for the purpose of receiving the impression.  The fourth is the bringing out the photographic picture, which is invisible when the plate is taken from the camera.  The fifth, and last, is to remove the excess of sensitive coating, and thus prevent that susceptibility to change under luminous influence which would otherwise exist and ultimately effect the picture.  The second operation is that which gives tone and warmth to the picture, and when performed by skillful hands makes a daguerreotype a beautiful piece of art.  The clearness and distinctness of the image is produced by the third process when carefully conducted, and the whole picture should be distinct over the whole plate.  These remarks will serve to illustrate the subjoined notes upon the collections in the Exhibition.

Mr. Lawrence exhibited a case in which softness of tone and distinctness of image are united with artistic arrangement.  The latter quality is specially noticeable in “The Three Ages.”  The mechanical execution of these pictures is unexcelled.  These pictures of Mr. L. were exhibited in London.  Mr. Brady’s collection is not very large, but there are a few very good pictures exhibited by him.  In Gurney’s collection the coloring of the background has a fine effect; there are some very well executed portraits, among which is one of Mr. Forrest, worth notice as a work of art: taken as a Whole there is less softness and more distinctness in this collection than in that of Lawrence.  The picture of Ware and his sister is an instance of a picture well developed when the chemical action extends to the margin of the plate.  D. Clark, New Brunswick, N. J., has four pictures of merit; and Van Schneidan a small collection of well-selected heads.  J. Brown has a collection of portraits of Commodore Perry and the officers of the squadron for the Japan Expedition, in half-size plates: the interest of this collection is much marred by the names of the officers not being attached underneath the plate; it is not too late to rectify this omission.  Haas has a whole-plate allegorical figure of a family man reading the paper at home—an excellent idea and well executed.  Besides this, he has a couple of other pictures, though on the whole his show is mediocre.  In the cases of Harrison & Hill there is displayed excellent artistic arrangement with very indifferent mechanical execution.  In the mammoth plates occupied by allegorical designs, the back-ground is wretchedly brought out—the plates were not properly cleaned, and are full of scratches; there are a few half and whole-sized pictures set in gaudy frames.

Webster, of Louisville, KY., has twenty-three pictures possessing clearness.  They have, however, been exposed a little too much in the camera; they lack warmth, but are otherwise well developed and exhibit good mechanical execution.  Alex Hesler has a collection of whole plates handsomely executed, possessing a nice arrangement of of the drapery, which has the effect of throwing the head out in good relief.  There is artistic arrangement in this collection, especially evinced in the picture “Driving a “Trade,” one of a series illustrating character and passion.  The panoramic view of Galena, Ill. Shows that city to advantage; and the three views of the Falls of St. Anthony possess great merit.  Mr. North, of Cleveland, O., has a case of pretty fail likenesses, perhaps exhibiting the lights too strongly.  Bisbee, of Dayton, O. exhibits a panoramic view of Cincinnati from Newport, upon six large plates.  This view is, without exception, the finest thing in the whole room; we might even go further, and say that it is the finest view by the Daguerreian process ever exhibited.  The mechanical execution is excellent, the perspective good, and the development unsurpassed.  The effect of the smoke over the southern part of the city is very finely given.  the distinctness of the letter signs, three-quarters of a mile distance and across the Ohio river, is well brought out.  The rest of the collection is fair, possessing no peculiar merit.  Williamson exhibits a poor collection.  Dobyn, Richardson & Co. have several whole size well-executed specimens, in which the mechanical part, the artistic arrangement and the chemical effect is good.  The “Cupid Reposing” is a very ungraceful picture of an ill-formed child, and the coloring is bad.  That of the Bateman Children, in character, is a good picture.  There are some exceedingly well executed heads in this collection.

Long, of St. Louis, has four frames of 180 heads of Wyman’s School, in that city, with the edifice and Principal; they possess no merit.  A likeness of Prof. Mitchell, Cincinnati, is well executed.  Some of the pictures in this collection are inverted with papier mache frames inlaid with mother of-pearl and tinsel.  As this style of frame appears in a few other collections we may as well here express dissent to the use of this material as being too gaudy and wholly unsuitable for daguerreotype plates. These latter are difficult to be viewed except in one light, and from the brightness of their surface, are much set off by deadened color on the frames, while the glare and iridescence of the papier mache add to the difficulty of discerning the picture; the use of such implies bad taste in the artist.  We felt this opinion growing upon us as we looked at them and found our view corroborated by a boarding school miss, who whisked alongside of us and caught by the colors, exclaimed, “Oh my! aint those “frames beautiful?”  Fitzgibbon has the richest exposition in the Fair—The most expensive frames with a large and passable collection.  The mammoth plate of Judge Colt is very good—That of Jenny Lind the best in the exhibition—those of McAllister, Julia Dean, Kate Hays, and Kossuth, are good pictures.  His collection of Indian Warriors, is a very fine one, which we understand is to be forwarded to the Ethnological Society of London, to have copies and busts made from them.  Masury & Silsbee, Boston exhibited twelve pretty and tasteful plates, with good arrangement and well finished.  The collections of Kilsey, Beals, and Howe do not require notice.  Whitehurst has a few good pictures in a large and passable collection; he has ten pictures illustrating the Falls of Niagara, which are very well executed.  Some of his large heads have their features out of all proportion.  Whipple of Boston, has a collection of photographic pictures, which he calls Crystallotypes, taken from Hyalotypes; there is a plate of the moon daguerreotyped, and one of the spots on the sun.  McDonnell & Co., Buffalo, have a very poor collection—so poor as not to deserve a place in the exhibition; the views of Niagara are fair.   Hawkins exhibits photographs on paper.  Drummond, eight plates of the order of Free masons in their lodge dress.  Fitzgibbon (already noticed) exhibits a very interesting case, which is a frame of electrotype copies from daguerreotype plates, very beautifully executed.  It should not be over looked upon as a mere curiosity to place a daguerreotype plate in a copper solution and take a copper cast from its surface by means of electricity: the copper cast looks much warmer in tone than the original.  It is to be regretted that Fitzgibbon did not complete this frame by the insertion of a third plate, by taking a second copy from the copper copy.  This would be in relief, like the original silver-plate, and is succeptible of being treated like an engraved plate; yielding, when inked, prints resembling mezzotint.  Besides the above collection of daguerreotypes, there is an assortment of cameras, lenses, stereoscopes and photographic paper, which are of interest to those practicing these beautiful arts.

1852 October 13.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  October 13, 1852, Whole No. 7286, P. 7.

We Advise All Our Readers Who Want a perfect likeness, and one that will not fade, to give A. J. Beal a call and get one of his newly invented enameled Daguerreotypes; they are truly beautiful.  N. B.—Price only $1.  Wanted, operator who understands an the art.  References required.

1853 October 26.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  October 26, 1853, Whole No. 7606, P. 5.

Strangers beware of Peter Funk Humbug Daguerreotype Galleries.—We advise all of our friends who want a perfect likeness to call at Beals’ and get one of his never fading enameled likenesses.  They are truly beautiful, and are only one dollar in a beautiful case.  No. 156 Broadway.  Established in 1840.

Baulch, Mrs

1854                113 Bowery, New York, New York.

1854 July 12.  New York Daily Tribune.  (New York, New York.)  July 12, 1854, Vol. XIV, No. 4128, P. 7.

Arrest Of Daguerreotype Artists.—The following named persons were yesterday arrested on complaint of Thos. S. Jube of No. 83 Bowery, who charges them with practicing their business on Sundays, contrary to law:  Mr. Reeves, corner of Grand-st. and Bowery; Mrs. Baulch, No. 113 Bowery; Mr. Brille, No. 156 Bowery; Mr. Barkelow, No. 132 Bowery; Mr. Reed, No. 98 Bowery; Mr. Weston, No. 132 Chatham-st.  They were taken to the Second District Police Court and held for examination.

Mrs. Baulch was not recorded in the 1853/1854, 1854/1855 or the 1855/1856 New York City Directories.