Tag Archives: Baltimore Maryland

Jones, John

Daguerreotypes, ,

1848-1851       159 Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland.

1848 May 2.  The Sun.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  May 2, 1848, Vol. XXII, No. 140, P. 2.

Jones’ Daguerrian Gallery.  No. 159 Baltimore Street, Opposite the Museum.  If you wish a superior Daguerreotype, call at Jones’, where a perfect Likeness is given or no charge.  Having the advantages of a fine North Light, an instrument with powerfully reflected light and shade, and a scientific knowledge of the Art, the pictures taken by him are unsurpassed, the outlines being distinct and the Eye perfect.  Likenesses of the ages, sick or deceased taken at their residences.  Paintings, Statuary and Daguerreotypes copied.  Miniatures set in Rings, Lockets, &c.  Mr. Jones requests particular attention to the life-like appearance of his colored likenesses, and the clear and natural expression of the Eye.  Terms moderate.

Advertisement ran from May 2 to 29, 1848.

1848 May 4.  American And Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  May 4, 1848, Vol. XCVII, No. 10,958, P. 3.

Jones’ Daguerrian Gallery.  No. 159 Baltimore Street, Opposite the Museum.  If you wish a superior Daguerreotype, call at Jones’, where a perfect Likeness is given or no charge.  Having the advantages of a fine North Light, an instrument with powerfully reflected light and shade, and a scientific knowledge of the Art, the pictures taken by him are unsurpassed, the outlines being distinct and the Eye perfect.  Likenesses of the ages, sick or deceased taken at their residences.  Paintings, Statuary and Daguerreotypes copied.  Miniatures set in Rings, Lockets, &c.  Mr. Jones requests particular attention to the life-like appearance of his colored likenesses, and the clear and natural expression of the Eye.  Terms moderate.

Advertisement ran from May 4 to August 8, 1848.  

1848 May 6.  American And Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  May 6, 1848, Vol. XCVII, No. 10,960, P. 3.

Improvement in Daguerreotyping.—We were shown, a few days since, a daguerreotype likeness, taken by Mr. Jones, No. 179 Baltimore street, opposite the Museum, which had been subjected to an improved process, of which Mr. J. claims to be the inventor.  The effect of the process discovered by Mr. Jones is such that an ordinary daguerreotype subjected to it becomes ineffaceably fixed to the plate on which it is taken, and no rubbing with the hand, or with a wet or dry cloth will remove it.  This invention cannot but be of great advantage in the using of daguerreotype plates by engravers, the chief obstacle to which has heretofore been the liability of defacing the impression even by the slightest touch.  Now, however, the daguerreotype can be taken on a copper-plate, silvered over, and engraver can use the same plate, following the lines of the impression, and thereby make the likeness as unerring as that of the daguerreotype.  Mr. Jones has been very successful in the pursuit of his art, as the many beautiful specimens with which his rooms are adorned abundantly testify.

1848 May 20.  Indiana State Sentinel.  (Indianapolis, Indiana.)  May 20, 1848, Vol. III, No. 110, P. 2.

Daguerreotyping.  An improvement in the art.—A discovery in the art of Daguerreotyping has lately been made by Mr. Jones in Baltimore.  The discovery consists in a new method of taking daguerreotypes, which renders the impression indelibly fixed upon the plate, and not liable to be deface by handling—indeed they may be rubbed with a cloth without the slightest injury.  One advantage resulting from this invention is, that likenesses can be taken on copper plate washed with silver, for the purpose of being engraved upon.  In this way the artist is enabled to follow the most minute line of the picture, and thus secure an engraving as faithful as the daguerreotype itself.

1848 May 24.  The Baltimore Clipper.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  May 24, 1848, Vol. XVIII, No. 114, P. 3.

Jones’ Daguerrian Gallery.  No. 159 Baltimore Street, Opposite the Museum.  If you wish a superior Daguerreotype, call at Jones’, where a perfect Likeness is given or no charge.  Having the advantages of a fine North Light, an instrument with powerfully reflected light and shade, and a scientific knowledge of the Art, the pictures taken by him are unsurpassed, the outlines being distinct and the Eye perfect.  Likenesses of the ages, sick or deceased taken at their residences.  Paintings, Statuary and Daguerreotypes copied.  Miniatures set in Rings, Lockets, &c.  Mr. Jones requests particular attention to the life-like appearance of his colored likenesses, and the clear and natural expression of the Eye.  Terms moderate.

Advertisement was recorded three time between May 24 to June 1, 1848.

1848 May 25.  Indiana State Sentinel.  (Indianapolis, Indiana.)  May 25, 1848, Vol. VII, No. 49, P. 1.

Daguerreotyping.  An improvement in the art.—A discovery in the art of Daguerreotyping has lately been made by Mr. Jones in Baltimore.  The discovery consists in a new method of taking daguerreotypes, which renders the impression indelibly fixed upon the plate, and not liable to be deface by handling—indeed they may be rubbed with a cloth without the slightest injury.  One advantage resulting from this invention is, that likenesses can be taken on copper plate washed with silver, for the purpose of being engraved upon.  In this way the artist is enabled to follow the most minute line of the picture, and thus secure an engraving as faithful as the daguerreotype itself.

1848 May 26.  Kalamazoo Gazette.  (Kalamazoo, Michigan.)  May 26, 1848, Vol. 15, No. 732, P. 2.

A daguerreotypist named Jones, of Baltimore, has made a discovery by which the daguerreotype impression is indelibly fixed on the plate, and not liable to be defaced by handling—indeed the plate may be rubbed with a cloth without receiving the slightest injury.

1848 June 15.  New-York Baptist Register.  (Utica, New York.)  June 15, 1848, Vol. XXV, No. 20, P. 3.

Improvement.—A daguerreotypist, named Jones, of Baltimore, has made a discovery by which the daguerreotype impression is indelibly fixed on the plate, and not liable to be defaced by handling—indeed, the plate may be rubbed with a cloth without receiving the slightest injury.

1848 July 15.  The Examiner.  (Louisville, Kentucky.)  July 15, 1848, Vol. II, Whole No. 57, P. 3.

Daguerreotyping.  An improvement in the art.—A discovery in the art of Daguerreotyping has lately been made by Mr. Jones in Baltimore.  The discovery consists in a new method of taking daguerreotypes, which renders the impression indelibly fixed upon the plate, and not liable to be deface by handling—indeed they may be rubbed with a cloth without the slightest injury.  One advantage resulting from this invention is, that likenesses can be taken on copper plate washed with silver, for the purpose of being engraved upon.  In this way the artist is enabled to follow the most minute line of the picture, and thus secure an engraving as faithful as the daguerreotype itself.

1850 March 4.  The Sun.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  March 4, 1850, Vol. XXVI, No. 90, P. 2.

Jones’ Improved Combined Sky And Side Light Daguerrian Gallery, 159 Baltimore-St., between Calvert and Grant.

Persons wishing Daguerreotypes would do well to call and examine those taken by the combined light.  It is arranged so that the light and shade can be blended with the utmost harmony, while the dress, eye, and every expression of the face, is naturally and beautifully represented.

Satisfaction given, or no charge.  Post mortem cases promptly attended to.  Jones, 159 Baltimore street, over Parr & Banks’ China store.

1850 June 4.  The Baltimore Clipper.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  June 4, 1850, Vol. XXII, No. 133, P. 3.

Jones Improved Combined Sky And Side Light Daguerrian Gallery, 159 Baltimore-St., between Calvert and Grant.

Mr. Jones invites the attention of the public to his improved combined light, (the only one in Baltimore,) the immense superiority of which has been fully tested by the most celebrated Daguerreotypists of other cities.

Sky-light pictures have been much objected to on account of the dark streak across the eyes, heavy shadow under the nose, chin, &c., which gives harsh expression, while those taken by the side-light are usually very dark on one side.  These defects, however, have been entirely removed by the combined light, it being so arranged as to be strengthened or softened at pleasure, enabling the Artist to blend the light and shade so equally, as to give the picture a more perfect finish, than the finest painting.

Mr. J. has spared no pains or expense to render himself proficient in his profession, and as he devotes his personal attention to his business, to those who may call, he guarantees a perfect likeness, or no charge.

Portraits of the aged, sick, or deceased, promptly taken at their residences.

Advertisement was recorded on June 4 and October 23, 1850.

Israel, Stephen G.

Ambrotypes, Photographs, , ,

1857-1858       Address Unknown, Baltimore, Maryland.

1857-1860       Over 91 Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland.[1]

1858-1860       Over 125 West Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland.[2]

1857 July.  The Photographic And Fine Art Journal.  July 1857, New Series Vol. IV, Old Series Vol. X, No. 7, P. 202.

Photography in Baltimore…

Mr. Israel, who does a thriving business, and takes a great many photographs and ambrotypes, and works them very successfully.

1857 September.  The Photographic And Fine Art Journal.  September 1857, New Series Vol. IV, Old Series Vol. X, No. 9, P. 263.

Photography in Baltimore…

Mr. Israel has one of Woodward’s Solar Cameras in operation, and from appearances does a good business.  Last Saturday there was a grand Rail-Road jubilee of Western Visitors from Cincinnati, St. Louis, Chilicothe [sic.] Ohio.  The military were all out, and the procession was grand.  Many views were taken of it by the different galleries—Mr. Pollock, Mr. Israel, and Mr. Whitehurst, of these three gentlemen, they all did their own operating except Mr. Whitehurst…

1858 October 7.  The Daily Exchange.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  October 7, 1858, Vol. II, No. 195, P. 1.

The Institute Exhibition.—…On the left of the entrance upon the side of the hall, Mr. Israel displays an extensive collection of plain and colored photographs, ambrotypes, &c., embracing likenesses of many well-known citizens.  These pictures possess a high order of merit.

1858 November 3.  The Daily Exchange.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  November 3, 1858, Vol. II, No. 218, P.1.

The Maryland Institute Exhibition, Closing Night.  Address of the President, Sam’l Sands, Esq.  The Award Of Premiums…Class No. 43.—

F. W. & R. King, for photographic view cameras and stereoscopic view cameras, Silver Medal;

S. G. Israel, for photographs in oil, water color, India ink and plain, and ambrotypes and photographic views on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.  Silver Medal.

D. L. Clark, for photographic view of Barbee’s Fisher Girl.  Diploma.

1859 February 25.  The Daily Exchange.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  February 25, 1859, Vol. III, No. 313, P.1.

Photographs of Prisoners.—Mr. Israel, Photographist, at the request of the relatives of one of the prisoners confined in the jail, awaiting execution, took his apparatus to the prison on Wednesday for the purpose of taking Photographs.  He succeeded in getting excellent pictures of Cropps, Corrie, Duvall, and the negro Cyphus.  Cropps’ picture is particularly good.  Gambrill and Ford refused to sit for theirs.

[1] Address and activity dates from Craig’s Daguerreian Registry.

[2] Address and activity dates from Directory Of Maryland Photographers 1839-1900.

Hawkes, Benjamin Franklin

Ambrotypes, Daguerreotypes, Photographs, , , , , ,

1848                2 Chelsea Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts.[1]

1852-1853       113 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts.1

1855                77 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia.[2]

1857-1859       205 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland.[3]

1858 March 8.  The Daily Exchange.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  March 8, 1858, Vol. I, No. 13, P.1.

A paper was read by the Assistant Secretary from Benj. F. Hawks, No. 205 West Baltimore street, offering to make Photographs of such of the members as would call at his establishment…

1858 May 19.  The Daily Exchange.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  May 19, 1858, Vol. I, No. 75, P.3.

Arrival of the Steam Fire Engine.—The iron steam engine propeller Richard Willig, Capt. A. Claypool, of the Earickson line, which reached hear at a quarter before six yesterday morning, brought for the First Baltimore Hose Company the long looked for and much talked of steam fire engine….Mr. B. F. Hawkes, photographer, took advantage of the opportunity, and during the morning made a most excellent picture….

1858 July 16.  The Sun.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  July 16, 1858, Vol. XLIII, No. 52, P. 3.

Landlord’s Sale.  By Virtue of a warrant of distress, issued at the suit of Robert Campbell, against the goods and chattels, lands and tenements of B. F. Hawkes, to me directed.  I have seized and taken in distress all the estate, right, title, interest, property, claim and demand, in law and in equity, of the said B. F. Hawkes in and to Lot Of Household Furniture, together with Likenesses of public and private individuals in Ambrotypes, Photographs and Daguerreotypes, and lot of other articles too numerous to mention.

And I hereby give notice that on Monday, the 19th day of July, at 10 o’clock in the forenoon, I will offer for sale the said property, so seized and taken in distress, by public auction to the highest bidder, for cash, at the auction room of J. R. Chance, corner of Baltimore and Holiday streets.  E. T. Baxter, Bailiff for Landlord.  Jas. R. Chance, Auctioneer.

Advertisement ran from July 16 to 19, 1858.

[1] A Directory of Massachusetts Photographers 1839-1900.

[2] Craig’s Daguerreian Registry.

[3] Directory of Maryland Photographers 1839-1900.

Green, James

Daguerreotypes, ,

1839-1840       1 South Liberty, Baltimore, Maryland.

1839 October 31.  American And Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  October 31, 1839, Vol. LXXX, No. 14446, P. 2.

The Daguerreotype.—We have examined some specimens of the Daguerreotype, executed in this city by Mr. James Green, Philosophical Instrument Maker, No. 1 S. Liberty street.  The pictures represent each a single object—the most distinct is that of a large house upon the corner of Baltimore and Liberty streets taken from the window of Mr. Green’s establishment upon a copper plate of some four inches by three.  The outline of the image are perfect, and the letters of the sign attached to the building are tolerably distinct—particularly the name of Chas. H. Carroll on the upper part of the house which is occupier by Messrs. Carroll & Tinges.

Mr. Green was assisted in his experiments by Mr. Thos. Phillips.  The details and mode of preparation were mostly of his own device in those particulars wherein the French accounts of the process were not minute.  The light was received upon a prepared surface of muriate of silver precipitated upon a brass plate—not upon a silver plated surface as was the case in some of the French experiments.  The impression is made permanent by a coating of varnish which protects the delicate tracery from the action of the atmosphere, and fixes the image in all its original distinctness.

Many improvements have been already made in this beautiful art, and now that the attention of ingenious persons is fairly turned towards it, we may with reason expect still farther progress in the way of facilitating the operation, and in bringing the invention fully into practical use.  Mr. Green has every reason to be encouraged in his efforts towards this end, and we anticipate highly successful results from his well known ingenuity and industry.  The specimens of his which we have seen are quite equal in distinctness and fidelity to any which have been executed in this country, if we may take those lately exhibited in New York and Philadelphia as the standards of attainment elsewhere.

1840 January 15.  American And Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  January 15, 1840, Vol. LXXXI, No. 14515, P. 2.

Painting With A Sunbeam.  Mr. James Green, Philosophical and Mathematical Instrument maker, Liberty street, has succeeded in obtaining by the process of the Daguerreotype, a most accurate and well defined view of Liberty street from the intersection of Baltimore street up to Saratoga.  We consider it one of the finest specimens of this beautiful art that has yet fallen under our notice.  The impression is clear and distinct, bearing the faithful image of every object contained in the view, from the Liberty Fire Engine house in the foreground, to the dwelling of the Rev. Dr. Wyatt, and the dome and spires of the cathedral in the distance.  Mr. G.’s preserving efforts have reaped an abundant reward in the success of this attempt.  The difference is very striking between this finished specimen and some of the earlier pieces which we saw in his possession during the course of his first experiments.

Fontayne, Charles

Daguerreotypes, Patent, Photographs, , , , , , ,

1844-1845       268 Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland.

1846-1847       30 West Fourth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio.

1847-1852       30 & 32 West Fourth, Cincinnati, Ohio.

1853                6 West Fourth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio.[1]

1855                6 West Fourth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio.

1856-1857       Over Merchants’ Bank, Cleveland, Ohio

1857-1858       Address Unknown, New York, New York.1

1859                Address Unknown, Cincinnati, Ohio.

1843 November 13.  The Sun.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  November 13, 1843, Vol. XIII, No. 147, P. 2.

Removal Of D. J. Fontayne’s Artificial Flower Manufactory to 268 Baltimore street, above Howard, opposite the Globe Inn—D. J. F. has on hand a handsome assortment of Flowers, of the latest fashions, which she will offer at the following low prices—Velvet Face Flowers, with eich shaded velvet leaves, orange or green, at 18½ cts. to 25 cents per pair, of every style; outside Bunches, with rich shaded velvet leaves, from 50 to 75 cents; face Flowers, of handsome styles from 12½ to 25 cts. per pair, &c.  Merchants and Milliners supplied by wholesale at the very lowest prices.  Persons wishing to purchase are invited to give her a call.

N. B.—Flower Makers can be supplied with Stamps, Leaves, &c., by Chas. Fontayne.

1844 April 29.  The Sun.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  April 29, 1844, Vol. XIV, No. 137, P. 2.

It  has been noted as the characteristic of the most refined taste, that it “Love to linger on the magic face of human beauty;” and truly, if we range the vast domains of nature in search of that which is most lovely to the eye, as well as most interesting to the mind, it is certainly found in the light and shade of the human countenance.  How many have spent their lifetime in trying to portray it with the brush, and how few have succeeded in giving that living expression to their works which the original possess—But the recent great improvement in the art of Photography, in a few seconds of time has enabled the operator to catch them all.  Those familiar only with the earlier attempts in this art, will be astonished to find how that sickly and deathly hue has given place to that healthy and natural color which our late improvements possess.  Likenesses taken daily, in all kinds of weather (rain or sunshine) in from 5 to 30 seconds of time.  Stranger and citizens are invited to call and examine specimens.  Fontayne & Porter, No. 268 Baltimore street, (above Howard) opposite the Globe Hotel.

Advertisement ran from April 29 to May 1, 1844.

1844 May May.  The Sun.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  May 4, 1844, Vol. XIV, No. 142, P. 2.

The Convention.—Great Perfection Of Our Art.—The citizens of Baltimore have now the opportunity of examining several Photographic Views of the Great Whig Convention passing down Baltimore street, presenting an appearance truly wonderful.  In the distance is to be seen the two Arches, Banners, &c., with many thousands of persons as they appeared in the street—ladies at the windows waving handkerchiefs, &c.

Colored Likenesses taken daily, rain or sunshine, in from 5 to 30 seconds of time.  The public are invited to call and examine specimens.  Fontayne & Porter, No. 268 Baltimore street, above Howard, opposite the Globe Inn.

1846 December 24.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  December 24, 1846, Vol. VII, No. 57, P. 2.

Christmas and New Year’s Oresents, At Fontayne’s Gallery of Daguerreotype Portraits and Family Groups, No. 30 West Fourth Street, between Main and Walnut, opposite St. Paul’s Church.

These appropriate Presents for the season can be had after a few moments sitting, which, for strength of impressions and beauty of tone, have stood comparison with the works of the best operators of the East.  The subscriber invites the attention of all who may wish correct Portraits of themselves or friends, and particularly that of Parents, to his facilities for taking Children.

These Portraits are warranted not to fade in any place or situation whatever.  Daguerreotypes taken over four years, by the subscriber, and exposed to the bleaching effects of the sun, can be seen at the Rooms.

Where Post Mortem likenesses are desired, due notice must be given; and in this, as in all the departments of his business, he flatters himself, from the experience he has had, (having been practically engaged and proprietor for upwards of five years, in one of the principal establishments of the East,) that all who may favor him with a call, will be suited to their taste.

Chas Fontayne, Late of the firm of Fontayne & Porter, Baltimore, Md.

N. B.—Apparatus furnished, and the Art taught on the principles of Chemical Philosophy, and embracing all the very latest improvements of the East, upon the most reasonable terms.  The public are invited to call and examine specimens at his Gallery.

Advertisement ran from December 24, 1846 to January 15, 1847.

1847 January 16.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  January 16, 1847, Vol. VII, No. 75, P. 2.

J. C. Fontayne.  The gentleman whose name heads this article, has but recently come to our city from the East, and opened rooms for Daguerreotyping, on Fourth street, north side, near Walnut.  From specimens of his work which have come under our notice, he is, without doubt, well acquainted with the various branches of this style of Miniatures, and calculated, from this knowledge, to adapt his pictures to the taste of any and all who may favor him with a call.

1847 September 21.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  September 21, 1847, Vol. VIII, No. 145, P. 2.

Fontayne’s Gallery of Daguerreotype Portraits and Family Groups, Nos. 30 & 32West Fourth St., between Main and Walnut, opposite St. Paul’s Church.

Impressions can be had after a few moments’ sitting, which for strength of impression and beauty of time, have stood comparison with the works of the best operators of the East.  The subscriber invites the attention of all who may wish correct Portraits of themselves or friends, and particularly that of parents to his facilities for taking children.

These Portraits are warranted not to fade in any place or situation whatever.  Daguerreotypes taken over four years by the subscriber, and exposed to the bleaching effects of the sun, can be seen at his Rooms.

Where Post Mortem likenesses are desired, due notice must be given; and in this, as in all the departments of his business, he flatters himself, from the experience he has had, (having been practically engaged and proprietor for upwards of five years, in one of the principal establishments of the East,) that all who may favor him with a call, will be suited to their taste.

Chas. Fontayne.

Advertisement was recorded from September 21 to October 15, 1847.

1848 February 25.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  February 25, 1848, Vol. IX, No. 125, P. 2.

Fontayne’s Gallery of Daguerreotype Portraits and Family Groups, Nos. 30 & 32West Fourth St., between Main and Walnut, opposite St. Paul’s Church.

Impressions can be had after a few moments’ sitting, which for strength of impression and beauty of time, have stood comparison with the works of the best operators of the East.  The subscriber invites the attention of all who may wish correct Portraits of themselves or friends, and particularly that of parents to his facilities for taking children.

These Portraits are warranted not to fade in any place or situation whatever.  Daguerreotypes taken over four years by the subscriber, and exposed to the bleaching effects of the sun, can be seen at his Rooms.

Where Post Mortem likenesses are desired, due notice must be given; and in this, as in all the departments of his business, he flatters himself, from the experience he has had, (having been practically engaged and proprietor for upwards of five years, in one of the principal establishments of the East,) that all who may favor him with a call, will be suited to their taste.

Chas. Fontayne.  nov3.

Advertisement was recorded one time on February 25, 1848.

1848 September.  Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County Pamphlet.

Fontayne & Porter 8 Whole Plate Panorama Daguerreotype of Cincinnati partnership Ca. 1848-1854.

1848 October 20.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  October 20, 1848, Vol. XI, No. 17, P. 2.

Fontayne, daguerreotypist in this city, has completed a full daguerreotype panorama of Cincinnati!  A portion of it may be seen in front of his room on Fourth street.

1848 December 30.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  December 30, 1848, Vol. XI, No. 77, P. 2.

Holyday Presents.—In what manner can money be better spent than by presenting to a friend a faithful likeness of one’s self?  Many who bethought themselves during the holidays, a year ago, of this kind of present, little dreamed they were giving what is now invaluable, whether rendered so by death or absence.  Fontayne & Porter, No. 30 and 32 West Fourth street, Between Main and Walnut.

Advertisement was recorded on December 30, 1848 and January 1, 1849.

1849 January 3.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  January 3, 1849, Vol. XI, No. 79, P. 2.

The Greatest Gem of Modern Art, are the Daguerreotypes taken by Fontayne & Porter.  The exquisite finish of the picture, the warm, glowing depth of tone, the clear, brilliant expression of the eye, all command the admiration of hundreds who b=visit the gallery, all anxious to obtain a likeness of themselves or friends.

Gallery No. 30 & 32 West Fourth st., between Main and Walnut.

Advertisement ran from January 3 to 12, 1849.

1849 January 12.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  January 12, 1849, Vol. XI, No. 87, P. 2.

The Expression Of The Eye Perfected.—The immense Sky-Light used by Fontayne & Porter, Daguerreotypists, enables them to produce Portraits and Family Groups which are the admiration of all who have seen them, diffusing an even light over the sitter, giving to the drapery great force of shadow, and to the Eyea clear and brilliant expression, which cannot be obtained by the old method of the side window.  Miniatures taken daily, without regard to the state of the weather.

Advertisement ran from January 12 to 24, 1849.

1849 January 24.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  January 24, 1849, Vol. XI, No. 97, P. 2.

Fontayne & Porter’s Daguerreotype Gallery.—These beautifully furnished Rooms continue to attract crowds of visitors and strangers daily.  The many fine specimens of the Daguerrean Art which adorn the Gallery command general admiration.  No improvement which modern search has discovered but is immediately applied.  The various conveniences in all the chemical and operating departments enable them to produce, in the shortest possible time, Portraits and Family Groups unrivalled for brilliancy of impression and faithfulness of execution.  No state of the weather deters them from producing beautiful Miniatures.  Gallery Nos. 30 and 32 West 4th st., between Main and Walnut, Cin.

Advertisement ran from January 24 to February 7, 1849.

1849 February 8.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  February 8, 1849, Vol. XI, No. 110, P. 2.

Beautiful As Are The Productions of the Painter’s Art, still the Daguerreotype, for accuracy of detail and beauty of execution, will command the preference.  The associations connected with the Daguerreotype are preferred in the extreme, when we view the miniature of those we love; it is the impression of their own shadow, drawn by the faithful pencil of Nature.

Fontayne & Porter still are on the advance with improvements, and are daily giving their customers Pictures which give great satisfaction.  Gallery Nos. 30 and 32 West Fourth st.

Advertisement ran from February 12 to 27, 1849.

1849 February 28.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  February 28, 1849, Vol. XI, No. 127, P. 2.

California Has Not Turned The Heads of Fontayne & Porter, Daguerreotypists; but they are still as active as ever in making improvements.  The last one is the receipt of a very fine improvement of great Focal power and perfection, in which children and aged persons are taken almost in an instant of time.  Persons wishing Miniatures of their children, have now the opportunity of procuring a perfect Likeness.

Gallery Nos. 30 and 32 West Fourth st., between Main and Walnut, Cin.

Advertisement ran from February 28 to March 14, 1849.

1849 March 15.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  March 15, 1849, Vol. XI, No. 140, P. 2.

Never Behind The Times In Improvements.—The new quick working Camera of Voightlander & Sons, of Vienna—their latest improvement—is now in constant use at Fontayne & Porter’s.  Perfect pictures warranted, taken in all weathers, even in the darkest days, in a few seconds of time.  The groups of Children taken by this splendid instrument are not to be surpassed.

Gallery Nos. 30 & 32 West Fourth st., between Main and Walnut, Cincinnati.

Advertisement ran from March 15 to 30, 1849.

1849 March 31.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  March 31, 1849, Vol. XI, No. 154, P. 2.

It’s Painful To The Eye.   How often do we hear persons make this remark after they have been sitting for a Daguerreotype likeness.  This great evil has been overcome by Fontayne & Porter—their Pictures are taken by a north side and sky light. Which gives no pain to the sitter, thereby enabling them to make those beautiful Pictures which are so much admired for their beauty of tone, clear and expressive eyes; all of which is adding daily to the already high reputation of their establishment.

Strangers and citizens should call and examine the fine collection of Portraits in the Gallery, No. 30 and 32 West Fourth st., between Main and Walnut.  Admission free.

Advertisement ran from March 31 to April 9, 1849.

1849 April 10.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  April 10, 1849, Vol. XII, No. 6, P. 2.

Going To California.—Every man that is bound for the Gold Region has some dear friend or relation to leave behind: and what would be more pleasing to that father, brother, sister, or friend, than a good Daguerreotype Likeness of one’s-self?   Call at Fontayn & Porter’s, and get one of their gems. 

Gallery No. 30 and 32 West Fourth st., between Main and Walnut.  Likenesses taken in any weather.

Advertisement was recorded fifty-four times between April 10 and July 19, 1849.

1849 June 20.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  June 20, 1849, Vol. XII, No. 67, P. 2.

Daguerreotype Portrait Gallery.  No. 30 West 4th st., bet Main and Walnut.  Fontayne & Porter, Proprietors.  This Establishment contains the largest and best collection of Portraits, and Family Groups, of any other in the West.  The Franklin Institute, at their last exhibition in Philadelphia, awarded to F. & P. a Silver Medal, the highest premium, for the best Daguerreotypes exhibited.  This alone proves the superiority of our Pictures.—We invite all to pay us a visit and examine for themselves.

The art of Daguerreotyping taught on scientific principles.  We have added to our already extensive establishment, a large room expressly for the use of those who may wish a knowledge of the art.  Here they are taught all branches connected with Daguerreotyping, together with all the late improvements.

Likenesses and Family Groups taken in any weather.—We have lately received one of the latest improved Cameras from Germany, which enables us to take children and infants in two and three seconds sitting.  Frames, Cases, and Gold Lockets, of various patterns for sale.  Alsom German and American Cameras.

N. B.  The best hour for taking children is from 11 A. M. to 4 P. M.

No. 30 West 4th street, between Main and Walnut.  Fontayne & Porter.

Advertisement ran from June 20 to August 22, 1849.

1849 July 19.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  July 19, 1849, Vol. XII, No. 91, P. 2.

Bring It Back.  The person who stole the beautiful Daguerreotype view of the Philadelphia Exchange, from the door of Messrs. Fontayne & Porter, had better return it at once, as it has been seen and admired by thousands in this city, and would undoubtedly lead to the detection of the thief should he offer it for sale.  It is highly prized as a specimen by the owners, and we hope they may recover it.

1849 August 11.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  August 11, 1849, Vol. XII, No. 111, P. 1.

Passing along Fourth street a few days ago, my attention was arrested at the entrance to the Daguerrean rooms of Messrs. Fontayn & Porter, by a very perfect and beautiful picture of Girard College, at Philadelphia.  Being myself a sort of amateur operator, the superiority of this, together with other specimens exhibited at their door, I determined to embrace the earliest opportunity of paying said gallery a visit.  I this morning spent a couple of hours in examining and studying its contents, and, although I have visited all the best establishments of this kind in New York and Philadelphia, I am free to say that I have seen but few specimens to equal those which adorn this gallery.—The collection comprises a great variety of landscape views, family groups, &c., much superior to any I have seen elsewhere.  The taking of views and groups of persons, has always been considered the most difficult branch of the art, and it is a branch in which but few operators have been successful; but the efforts of these gentlemen, in this department of their profession, may be set down as the ne plus ultra of excellence.  I was highly pleased and interested in examining a very comprehensive view of your “Queen City of the West.”—This is indeed a beautiful picture, embracing the entire river line of the city—a distance of some six or seven miles!  So faithfully and distinctly are the various objects represented, that the name of the different steamboats lying at the wharves, are legibly brought out.  The sign on all the warehouses, stores, &c., fronting on the river, are likewise given with equal distinctness.  I also read the names of several firms, on large buildings, situated high up in the city.  This, so far as my knowledge extents, is the greatest feat ever performed in the art of Daguerreotyping.

The collection also embraces views of Fairmount water-works, scenes on the banks of the Schuylkill river, and many of the finest residences and public buildings in Philadelphia—all of them perfect, even under the test of a strong magnifying glass—throughout, their softness, evenness and beauty of finish, is remarkable.  I was informed, upon inquiry, that some of these splendid sketches might be purchased at a fair price, and it is matter of surprise with me, that they have not ere this been transferred to the dwellings of some of your wealthy citizens. Certainly, nothing more beautiful or interesting could adorn the walls of a private parlor.

Among the many portraits of distinguished persons, is a very accurate and life-like one of “Amelie,” of Kentucky.  Having frequently seen this gifted lady, I am able to judge as to the merits of her picture.  Here, also, may be seen a likeness of the brave and noble-hearted sailor, Frederick Jerome, who, at the imminent risk of his own, saved so many lives from the burning of the steamship “Ocean Monarch.”  He is taken in the same clothes he wore at the time this awful scene occurred.  The actions of this obscure sailor, on this occasion, were sublime, and shed around him in his humble station a moral grandeur and exaltation of character, to which but few in any sphere of life may lay claim; and far more ennobling than the rank and title of a king!  The “counterfeit presentment” of many distinguished statesmen , poets and divines, may likewise be seen and studied here.  Clay, Van Buren, Dallas, Clayton, Buchanan, Webster, Irving, Cooper, Bryant and John Quincy Adams, are among the number—all of them accurate, distinct and life like.  I was shown also several likenesses taken in death, by these accomplished operators.  The partially closed, expressionless eyes, the pale, fixed features, and even the cold sweat upon the brow, are rendered with an effect so startling and truthful as I had thought never could be attained in a type of the departed.

Messrs. Fontayne & Porter are worthy of all praise and encouragement, for what, with energy and talent they have done to develop and perfectionate their profession in the west.

With your permission, Mr. Editor, I may offer, before my departure from amongst you, a few remarks concerning matters and things in general in your city—her peculiarities, business, present condition, and future prospects—impressions and fore-shadowings of a         Sojourner.

1849 August 23.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  August 23, 1849, Vol. XII, No. 121, P. 2.

Daguerreotype Portrait Gallery.  No. 30 West Fourth St., Bet Main and Walnut.  Fontayne & Porter, Proprietors.—This establishment contains the largest and best collection of Portraits, and Family Groups, of any other in the West.  The Franklin Institute, at their last exhibition in Philadelphia, awarded to F. & P. a Silver Medal, the highest premium, for the best Daguerreotypes exhibited.  This alone proves the superiority of our pictures.—We invite all to pay us a visit and examine for themselves.

The art of Daguerreotyping taught on scientific principles.  We have added to our already extensive establishment, a large room expressly for the use of those who may wish a knowledge of the art.  Here they are taught all branches connected with Daguerreotyping, together with all the late improvements.

Likenesses and Family Groups taken in any weather.—We have lately received one of the latest improved Cameras from Germany, which enables us to take children and infants in two and three seconds sitting.  Frames, Cases, and Gold Lockets, of various patterns for sale.  Alsom German and American Cameras.

N. B.  The best hour for taking children is from 11 A. M. to 4 P. M.

No. 30 West 4th street, between Main and Walnut.  Fontayne & Porter.

Advertisement ran sixty-two times between August 23 to November 20, 1849.

1849 December 10.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  December 10, 1849, Vol. XII, No. 214, P. 2.

Daguerreotyping.  We were shown yesterday the likeness of twins, two years old, taken by Fontayne & Porter, No. 30 West Fourth street, which elicited general admiration.  The perfection to which this art has been brough is truly astonishing.

1850 March 16.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  March 16, 1850, Vol. XII, No. 294, P. 2.

The Washington Euterpeans.  Fontayne & Porter on Fourth street near Walnut, have just completed a beautiful Daguerreotype of those justly popular singers.  It is a group of them all, six in number, and can be seen at their gallery No. 32, west Fourth street.

1850 October 24.  Daily Ohio Statesman.  (Columbus, Ohio.)  October 24, 1850, Vol II, New Series—No. 979, No 880.

Ohio State Agriculture Fail.  Discretionary Premiums…

Fontayne & Porter, Cincinnati, for superior daguerreotypes.

1850 October 24.  Liberty Hall And Cincinnati Weekly Gazette.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  October 24, 1850, Vol. 51, No. 2415, P. 2.

Ohio State Board of Agriculture.  The following is a list of premiums awarded by the several committees, also the discretionary premiums recommended and amended by the Executive Committee…

Paintings And Drawings, Open To All…

Best specimen of Architecture, Fontayne & Porter, Cincinnati,      Dip.

Best collection of Portraits, Thomas Faris, Cincinnati,                        Dip.

Best specimen of single face, E. C. Hawkins, Cincinnati,                        Dip.

Best specimen of Talbotypes, E. C. Hawkins, Cincinnati,                        Dip.

1851 September.  The Photographic Art Journal.  (New York, New York.)  September 1851, Vol. II, Vo. 3, P. 153-154.

From La Lumiere.  The Worlds’ Fair.  Translated from the French by J. Russell Snelling, M. D.  To Monsieur Montfort:  Sir:—Intrusted by you with the honorable and delicate mission of describing to the readers of La Lumiere, in a series of critical letters, the contributions of the photographers of different nations to the Worlds’ Fair at London, I cannot wholly conceal from myself for a single moment the many and various difficulties which this task imposes upon me.   I have likewise, hesitated a long time as to the manner which it would be the most expedient and useful for me to begin the subject.  A single word from one of those men whom it gives me pleasure to call my perception in the art, terminated my perplexities and decided my irresolute mind.  In a visit of several days—made quite recently to Paris.  I related my troubles to Mr. Ziegler, who thus said to me:  “Why give yourself so much trouble to arrive less expeditiously at that point which you could reach very easily by marching straight before you?  The chief wish of our photographers is, to know what their brethren of foreign countries are sending to London.  Commence by making out a catalogue, than you will render an account of the woks.”

The advise was good, and I have followed it.  In the indication of the name of the artists, I have adopted the alphabetical order.  Before the name I inscribe the number of the order in which each member is found in the list; after the name, I write the number which is devoted to him in the official catalogue; then I indicate the number of frames, with those proofs which they contain, designate those which are upon paper, upon plate, and upon glass; and afterwards, I copy the excellent remarks accompanying the works which the authors have judged apropos.  As to a classification of nations, it was very natural that I should have followed the same order which has been adopted in the Crystal Palace.  To commence with the United States, the department of which is situated at the eastern extremity of the Hyde Park edifice, and to finish our description with England and its dependencies, which are placed at the western extremity, and passing along through the intervening nations, appears to me the most rational method.

United States of America:—

1.  Mr. Brady, of New York.  137, has exhibited 35 portraits upon plates.

2.  Mr. Evans, Buffalo, U. S., 105; Three frames, each containing six portraits upon plates.

3.  Messrs. Fontayne & Porter, (bearing the number 550 which does not yet exist in the U. S. catalogue):  view of Cincinnati, composed of eight plates united in the same frame, and where the points of junction are concealed by perpendicular fillets, in such a way that the spectator appears to see the city through a gallery of columns.

4.  Mr. Harrison, 225, Five portraits upon plates, and several camera obsecura.

5. Messrs. W. & F. Langenheim: Panorama of Philadelphia and a view of Fairmont, near Philadelphia.  In both, several proofs upon paper, are brought together so as to form a panorama.  Talbotype.

6.  Mr. Lawrence, 151, Twenty-six portraits, among which six are representations of three persons from nature.

7.  Mr. J. G. Mayall, Philadelphia, 491; Seventy-two plates, among which is found Notre Dame, from M. Le Baron Gross.

8.  Messrs. Meade Brothers, N. Y., 109; Twenty-four frames containing nearly all single portraits upon plates, together with some groups.

9.  Mr. W. A. Pratt, Richmond, Va., 264; Three frames enclosing jointly twenty-six portraits upon plates.

10.  Mr. Jno. A. Whipple, Boston; 451: Five single portraits; three family groups, one of which has seven figures, another nine, and the last six, the whole upon plates.  A daguerreotype of the moon taken by means of the large telescope at the Cambridge observatory.

10.  Mr. J. H. Whitehurst, Norfolk, Va., 377: Twelve views upon plates, of the Niagara Falls, taken from nature, in Sept. 1850.

1852 January 6.  Daily Cincinnati Commercial.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  January 6, 1852, Vol. XV, No. 72, P. 2.

Daguerreotypes by the mammoth sky-light.—Fontayn & Porter, No. 30 West Fourth street, between Main & Walnut,—are always fully prepared (rain or sunshine) to accommodate you with a Miniature in their unsurpassed style.

1855.  Cincinnati City Directory.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  Advertisements P. 76.

Fontaine’s Gallery Of Daguerreotype Portraits, And Family Groups, No. 6 West Fourth Street, Between Main and Walnut.

1855 January 20.  Cleveland Daily Plain Dealer.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  January 20, 1855, Vol. X, No. 226, P. 2.

Now Look Out.  The following communication from Dr. Buchanan, of Cincinnati, to the New York Tribune, discloses the fact that the whole Rag Money system is in danger of being blown sky high by the magic power of Photography.—Counterfeiters will not be slow in availing themselves of the discovery, and then they will be able to deceive the very elect among the money changers.  Dr. Buchanan says:—

I have just witnessed some illustrations of the art of Photographic Counterfeiting, which I deem highly important, not only to bank officers, but to the public at large.  Mr. Fontayne, of this city, one of the best daguerreotypists in the world, has recently made several photographic copies of bank notes, which far surpass, in the perfection of their details, anything which has ever been done in the old way of counterfeiting.  When these photographs are carefully taken on proper bank note paper, they defy detection either by the naked eye or by microscopic inspection…

1855 January 31.  The Ashland Union.  (Ashland, Ohio.)  January 31, 1855, Vol. IX, No. 36, Whole No. 1202, P. 1.

Same article.

1855 January 31.  Cadiz Democratic Sentinel.  (Cadiz, Ohio.)  January 31, 1855, Vol. 21, No. 39, P. 2.

Bankers, Look Out.  Same article.

1855 February 8.  Carroll Free Press.  (Carrollton, Ohio.)  February 8, 1855, Vol. 23, No. 6, P. 1

Photography in Counterfeiting.  Correspondence of the N. Y. Tribune.  Same article, expanded.

1856 May 29.  Cleveland Morning Leader.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  May 29, 1856Vol. 10, No. 49, P. 1.

Ryder’s Photographs.—We called in at Ryder’s daguerrian rooms yesterday, when the first objects that caught our attention were four most admirable executed photographs, two of life size and two cabinet size.  They are certainly as fine specimens of the art as were ever exhibited in this city.  They were taken by Mr. Chas. Fontague, (sic.) whose services Mr. Ryder has lately secured.  Mr. F. is from Cincinnati, where his pictures have attracted general admiration.  He showed us a large collection of valuable photographs, among which were many portraits of distinguished personages, which have a very life-like appearance.  Among the rest were some beautiful scenes from nature, but the most remarkable of all was a collection of pictures taken from the ruins of Carthage, Thebes and Memphis, and other Egyptian and African ruins; besides these scenes from around Athens and Rome that are highly entertaining.  These should be framed and hung around the rooms for the benefit of the visitors, as they are not only well worth seeing but instructive.  Mr. Ryder has done well in thus associating with him in his business Mr. Fontague, (sic.)  and we feel confident that they cannot but be highly successful.  Their intention is to take photographs of all sizes.  We understand the smaller ones will be put at very reasonable prices and within the means of any one desirous of having a good picture taken.

1856 March 31.  Cleveland Morning Leader.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  March 31, 1856, Vol. 10, No. 50, P. 1.

The name of the gentleman associated with Mr. Ryder in the Photograph business is Chas. Fontayne, instead of Fonyague, as we printed it on Saturday.  Mr. F. is the same person who photographed the bills of several of the Cincinnati banks so exactly that the officers of the banks could not distinguish between the imitations and the genuine ones.  We would again say that his pictures are highly worthy the attention of all interested in such matters.

1856 April 28.  Cleveland Daily Plain Dealer.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  April 28, 1856, Vol XII, No. 102, P. 3.

Ryder is taking a great number of Ambrotypes in the very best style.  The Photographs of Mr. Fontayne now being taken at these rooms have not been surpassed in the West.  They compare favorably with the best now taken in New York, and colored or not, are beautiful representations of the human face.

1856 May 1.  Cleveland Morning Leader.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  May 1, 1856, Vol. 10, No. 78, P. 2.

Photographs, of Every Style and Size, from Lockets to Life Size, Plain and Colored, at Ryder’s, over Merchants’ Bank.

Prof. Fontayne, late of the well known form of Fontayne & Porter, Cincinnati, and the Pioneer Of The Photographic Art in that City, has charge of the Photographic Department.

His portraits are unequalled in this country.  Daguerreotypes Copied to any size, and Finished, in Oil or Water Colors, equal to the Finest Painting.

Lovers of Art are invited to call and examine specimens. 

Advertisement ran from May 1 to September 30, 1856.

1856 May 2.  Cleveland Daily Plain Dealer.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  May 2, 1856, Vol. XII, No. 106, P. 2.

Photographs, of Every Style and Size, from Lockets to Life Size, Plain and Colored, at Ryder’s, over Merchants’ Bank.

Prof. Fontayne, late of the well known form of Fontayne & Porter, Cincinnati, and the Pioneer Of The Photographic Art in that City, has charge of the Photographic Department.

His portraits are unequalled in this country.  Daguerreotypes Copied to any size, and Finished, in Oil or Water Colors, equal to the Finest Painting.

Lovers of Art are invited to call and examine specimens. 

Advertisement ran from May 1 to 26, 1856.

1856 May 15.  Cleveland Daily Plain Dealer.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  May 15, 1856, Vol XII, No. 117, P. 3.

Ryder’s Ambrotypes.—The rooms of Mr. Ryder, the Daguerreotypist, over Merchants’ Bank, are becoming a resort for the beauty and fashion of the city.  As an artist, his success in securing good pictures has rarely been surpassed in this country.  The comparatively recent introduction of photography has not become familiar to the people, but those who have visited the exhibition of Mr. Fontayne’s photographs, will cheerfully testify to their admirable perfection and beauty.

1856 August 14.  Cleveland Morning Leader.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  August 14, 1856, Vol. 11, No. 195, P. 3.

A beautiful photograph, from a splendid steel engraving, has just been taken by Mr. Fontayn, at Ryder’s Daguerrean Gallery, of “Evangeline,” one of the sweetest of all poetic creations.  The countenance of “Evangeline” is angelic in its simplicity and innocence, and perfectly charming in its beauty.  Mr. Fontayne has several of these pictures for sale; those who love the beautiful will not require an invitation to purchase after seeing the picture.

1856 August 27.  Cleveland Daily Plain Dealer.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  August 27, 1856, Vol XII, No. 204, P. 3.

Miniature City Map.—Pierce & Co. have just published on a little sheet a very neat map engraved by Tibbitts, of this city.  We understand that a photograph was taken at Ryder’s by Prof. Fontayne, engraved and electrotyped and is furnished at five cents a sheet, or 75 cents the quire,  It will be found convenient for business  men and others, to inform their correspondents particularly as to the location of a residence or office.  It gives the names of the streets, designates the wards and shows the different lines of the railroads meeting in the city.

1857 August 29.  Cleveland Morning Leader.  (Cleveland, Ohio.)  August 29, 1857, Vol. 11, No. 208, P. 3.

Mr. Fontayne, with Mr. Ryder, has taken several “star” pictures of residences about town—among them, that of Mr. Price, on Euclid street.  It is a splendid picture; and is an excellent method, for those who feel disposed, to secure pleasant remembrances of the “homestead.”

1859 July 28.  Railroad Record and Journal of Commerce, Banking, Manufactures and Statist..  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  July 28, 1859, P. 270.

Fontayne’s Telesmatic Photograph.  In the short notice which we gave of this “magical light-writer” last week, we had only time and space to say that it would print from 3.000 to 4,000 perfect photographs in an hour.  This, we then thought, was sufficiently marvelous to be believed by only a few of the most credulous.  Since then we have become better acquainted with the capacities of the inventor and his machine, and we have no hestitation in saying that it can be made to far surpass even these marvelous figures.

Photographers have been able, for some years, to make paper exceedingly sensitive to the influence of reflected light; and one great difficulty with many of them, has been to so retard this sensitiveness, as that they could admit the rays of light, and instantly shut them out, without spoiling their paper.

This waste of paper, too, has been another serious objection, and has kept the price of photographs ranging at high rates.

These difficulties Mr. Fontayne has been facing for years, earnestly working against them, and such has been his success, that his pictures have stood first wherever they have been presented.

Being cast upon what many supposed his death-bed, about the first of this year, he had time sufficient to classify his experiments, to theoretically meet his difficulties, and discuss them as they seemed to be presented.

The results wa have already given, and, in reviewing the subject, we find that he makes the paper, upon which the picture is to be produced, exceedingly sensitive.  This he dries, and places upon a cylinder in a dark case, having apparatus on the exterior by which the cylinder can be rotated.  In the top of this case is an orifice through which the light can be admitted; and underneath this is the negative, so adjusted that it can be made to touch the paper, and leave it similar to the fly in a printing machine.  Over this orifice and negative, is mounted a large condensing lens, of such power that a most intense light can be projected through the negative upon the paper beneath.  But to prevent any action of the light, except as wanted, this orifice is closed by a slide which is adjusted in a frame, and so operated by coil springs, that his motion is instantaneous, and the orifice is opened and closed as instantaneously as the contraction of a coil spring can produce action.  By means of connecting levers and cams, one operator can rotate the cylinder, cause the slides to move together in such a manner, that with one negative, one hundred flashes of light may be admitted per minute, and thus over 6,000 pictures may be given in one hour.  But the same machine will admit as many as ten small negative , all operated at the same time, and only requiring more paper.

His improvements also extend to the manner of toneing (sic.) up these impressions afterward; for the paper, on being removed from the cylinder, is as white as when rolled upon it; but the governor of the light is not mistaken.  The invention is truly a remarkable one, and will introduce some new flashes in photography.—Scientific Artisan.

1859 September 10.  The Penny Press.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  September 10, 1859, Vol. 2, No. 18, P. 3.

If any one wishes to run his face, Cincinnati furnishes as progressive Photographers as can be found anywhere.  The walls of the room devoted to the fine arts prove that.  We do not see, however, specimens of the recent wonderful discovery of Fontayne, of this city, by which he can print fifteen thousand impressions of a picture in an hour.  Fontayne’s Telesmatic Photographs make eastern artists say, “That Queen City is a great place.” 

1859 September 22.  Evening Star.  (Washington, D. C.)  September 22, 1859, Vol. XIV, No. 2,069, P. 1.

Patents week ending September 20, 1859.  Chas. Fontayne, of Cincinnati, O.—For photographic printing machine No. 25, 540.

1859 September 28.  The Penny Press.  (Cincinnati, Ohio.)  September 28, 1859, Vol. 2, No. 33, P. 1.

Patens To Ohio Inventors.  The following is the list of patents issued to Ohio inventors, from the United States Patent-office, for the week ending September 20, 1859, each bearing that date…

Charles Fontayne, of Cincinnati, Ohio—For Photographic printing machine.  [No. 25, 540]

1859 September 30.  Dayton Daily Empire.  (Dayton, Ohio.)  September 30, 1859, Vol. 10, 10 217, P. 2.

Patens To Ohio Inventors.  The following is the list of patents issued to Ohio inventors, from the United States Patent-office, for the week ending September 20, 1859, each bearing that date…

Charles Fontayne, of Cincinnati, Ohio—For Photographic printing machine.  [No. 25, 540]

[1] Craig’s Daguerreian Registry.

Fischer & Brother

Daguerreotypes, Photographs, , ,

1859                103 Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland.

1859 July 30.  The Daily Exchange.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  July 30, 1859, Vol. III, No. 445, P.1.

A specimen of Photography.—We have received, from Messrs. Fisher & Bro., daguerrean artist, No. 103 Baltimore street, a very excellent photograph of the N. E. Corner of Baltimore and North Streets, as seen from the point of view commanded by their gallery.  The office of the Daily Exchange is the focal point, and, in addition to the objects usually grouped about that interesting edifice, we have the new city railroad car standing in front, with the horses attached, but by no means such a crowd as have generally been staring at that wonderful machine.  Nothing but the interposition of the car prevents the reading of the telegrams on the bulletin board.  The artists will please receive our thanks for their attention.  

Davis, William

Ambrotypes, Daguerreotypes, , ,

1853-1855       117 Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland.[1]

1856-1857       Over 93 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland.1

1858-1860       121 Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland.1

1864-1868       63 East Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland.1

1854 January 20.  The Sun.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  January 20, 1854, Vol. XXXIV, No. 21, P. 2.

Proclamation By The President Of The United States!—Whereas, it has been ascertained that certain Filibusters are in the habit of blowing their horn pretty loud about their Daguerreotypes, the public are politely requested to call and examine those made by Davis, No. 117 Baltimore Street, Corner Of South, for One Dollar.  They are certainly beautiful Daguerreotypes and also correct Likenesses.  Give him a trial, by all means.   

1858 August 16.  The Daily Exchange.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  August 16, 1858, Vol. I, No. 150, P.2.

W. Davis Ambrotype and Photograph Gallery.  No. 121 Baltimore Street, three doors above South, Baltimore. 

Advertisement ran from August 16, 1858 to February 25, 1859.

[1] Directory Of Maryland Photographers 1839-1900.

Clark, Henry H.

Ambrotypes, Photographs, , , , , ,

1858                23 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland.

1858 April 2.  The Daily Exchange.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  April 2, 1858, Vol. I, No. 35, P.3.

H. H. Clark’s Ambrotype and Photograph Gallery No. 23 West Baltimore Street, (Corner Centre Market Space,) Baltimore.                              

Advertisement ran from April 2 to October 20, 1858. 

1858 April 2.  The Daily Exchange.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  April 2, 1858, Vol. I, No. 35, P.4.

Business Directory.  Photographers. 

H. H. Clark, 23 W. Baltimore street.

E. Tuttle, 207 W. Baltimore street.

J. W. Perkins, 211 and 217 W. Baltimore street

P. L. Perkins, 99 Baltimore st.

Advertisement ran from April 2 to 17, 1858.

Cary, Preston M.

Daguerreotypes, , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

1843-1849       Rooms in the Sterling Block, Bridgeport, Connecticut.

1849                211 and 128 Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland.

1849-1851       Corner Bryan Street and Market Square, Savannah, Georgia.

1850                Sterling Block, Bridgeport, Connecticut

1850                187 Broadway, New York, New York.

1851                Water Street, Bridgeport, Connecticut.

1852                Corner Main and State Streets, Bridgeport, Connecticut.

1853                407 Broadway, New York, New York.

1853                Corner Bryan Street and Market Square, Savannah, Georgia.

1843 August 8.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  August 8, 1843, Vol. XXXIV, No. 1738, New Series Vol. II, No. 84, P. 3.

Splendid Colored Daguerreotypes.  Single or in groups, taken by Cary at the Sterling Block.

Advertisement ran from August 8 to December 5

1843 August 22.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  August 22, 1843, Vol. XXXIV, No. 1740, New Series Vol. II, No. 86, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.—This method of taking likenesses, is one of the most astonishing discoveries of the age.  Had the discovery been made in the seventeenth century, the author would no doubt have been regarded as a witch, and perhaps been hung or burnt at the stake.  The improvements that have been recently made in the art, are very great.  Not only are the form and features correctly given, but those taken by Mr. Cary, now at Sterling’s Building, give also, to a remarkable degree, the colors of the face.  We examined some dozen or more likenesses, in an unfinished state, at his room, last week, and were surprised at the improvement in this respect.  Some of them were almost as true as life.—We recognized every face with which we were acquainted, at the very first glance.  Among the number, were the likenesses of two children, (brother and sister,) on one plate.—They were complete.  Mr. Cary remains here another week.  

1844 March 12.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  March 12, 1844, Vol. XXXIV, No. 1769, New Series Vol. III, No. 115, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  See advertisement of Mr. Cary.  He does the business right.  No Mistake.  Give him a call.

1844 March 12.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  March 12, 1844, Vol. XXXIV, No. 1769, New Series Vol. III, No. 115, P. 3.

Daguerreotyping.  Mr. Cary will remain a few days longer, and will happy to execute Likenesses for all who may be disposed to avail themselves of his services.

Having recently made the most astonishing Improvement in the art of finishing portraits, he is now prepared to furnish them true to nature, and equal in beauty to the finest painting.  He would also inform the public that his time of sitting is from 10 to 45 seconds, being about one-eighth of the time usually occupied by ordinary bunglers in the art; this enables him to catch not only the outline of the individual setting, but the expression of countenance, which cannot be transferred where a person is obliged to sit from 3 to 5 minutes.  Groups of from 2 to 10 persons taken in the same time.

Rooms in the Sterling Block.

Mr. C. has taken the agency of the new and improved instruments, and can furnish instructions to any who may desire to become good operators.

Advertisement ran from March 12 to 19, 1844.

1844 March 26.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  March 26, 1844, Vol. XXXIV, No. 1771, New Series Vol. III, No. 117, P. 3.

The Daguerreotype Process.—Messrs. Editors:  There is no memorial of a departed friend so valuable as an accurate picture that will recall those features which are once so familiar.  This new process affords the means of procuring such a picture by the sitting of a few seconds, which in beauty and accuracy, much exceeds the ordinary miniature painted on ivory.  What can be more accurate than the shadow of an object we would copy, and I am sure nothing can be more beautiful than the colored daguerreotypes, which Mr. Cary of the Sterling Buildings is every day preparing for those who visit his rooms.

This process may be considered as having reached its perfection, for I am sure no one can see the pictures which Mr. Cary furnishes by the aid of the pencil, without feeling that no greater accuracy or beauty, could possibly be attained.  So it appears to me.  Observer.

1844 April 16.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  April 16, 1844, Vol. XXXV, No. 1774, New Series Vol. III, No. 120, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  Mr. Cary will remain in this city till 25th inst.  Those who want their likenesses taken right should give him a call.

1844 April 30.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  April 30, 1844, Vol. XXXV, No. 1776, New Series Vol. III, No. 122, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  “Catch the shadow ere the substance fades.”  Mr. Cary respectfully announces to the citizens of Bridgeport and vicinity, that, finding it impossible to meet all his engagements within the time specified for his departure, he has concluded to remain a few days longer, and in connection with Mr. E. Punderson, has taken rooms formerly occupied by Dr. Merritt, in Sterling Building, where they are now ready to take likenesses in a manner which cannot be surpassed by any operator in the United States.

1844 December 3.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  December 3, 1844, Vol. XXXV, No. 1808, New Series Vol. III, No. 143, P. 3.

Daguerreotype Portraits.  Mr. Cary respectfully announces to the Ladies and Gentlemen of Bridgeport, that he has reopened his rooms in the Sterling Block, and will be happy to wait on all who would have an accurate likeness.

Having recently made very great improvements in the art of Daguerreotyping, he is prepared to furnish a more finished Picture than can be obtained in any other city.

Persons who have had Pictures taken can have them retaken at a trifling expense. 

Instructions given and all the necessary apparatus furnished.

Advertisement ran from December 3 to 17, 1844.

1845 October 11.  The Hartford Times.  (Hartford, Connecticut.)  October 11, 1845, Vol. XXIX, No. 1503, P. 3.

Premiums Awarded By The Hartford County Agricultural Society.  Oct 4th, 1845…

Specimens In Fine Arts And Arts…

A Silver Medal to Cary & Stancliff, for Daguerreotype Specimens.

1846 June 20.  The Hartford Times.  (Hartford, Connecticut.)  June 20, 1846, Vol. XXX, No. 1539, P. 1.

Improved Colored Daguerreotype Portraits and Miniatures.  Messrs.  Cary & Stancliff are now executing Pictures, by a new process, that are pronounced by critics to be far superior to any thing of the kind ever offered in this State.  This we submit to the public.

Portraits of Deceased Persons copied accurately.

Likenesses taken After Death, in city or Country.

Correct Likenesses of Infants taken in5 or 6 seconds, in a clear morning.

Ordinary Daguerreotype operators, and persons wishing to learn the art, will find it an object to become acquainted with our new process.

Pictures taken equally well in Cloudy or Fair Weather.

Materials, Chemicals and Apparatus furnished and warranted.

The public room is open and free for visitors from 8 A. M. until 6 P. M.  We respectfully solicit a visit to our collection.  Cry & Stancliff, corner of Main and Pearl sts., over Olmstead & Co.  May 30.

Advertisement was recorded twelve times between June 20 to November 7, 1846.

1846 September 15.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  September 15, 1846, Vol. XXXV, No. 1900, New Series Vol. IV, No. 246, P. 3.

Daguerreotype Miniatures.  Mr. Cary would respectfully give notice to the inhabitants of Bridgeport and vicinity, that he has taken rooms in the Sterling Block, where he is prepared to furnish Portraits to all who would have a beautiful picture, either in cloudy or fair weather.

Likenesses of young children taken from 2 to 4 seconds.

Instructions given, and all the important apparatus furnished.  [Sept. 1.]

Advertisement ran from September 15 to October 20, 1846

1847 June 22.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  June 22, 1847, Vol. XXXVI, No. 1940, New Series Vol. VI, No. 286, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  Cary’s Daguerreotype Rooms, Sterling Block,—4th Story.

Advertisement ran from June 22 to August 31, 1847.

1847 August 3.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  August 3, 1847, Vol. XXXVI, No. 1946, New Series Vol. VI, No. 292, P. 3.

The Daguerreotype Art is one of the most astonishing discoveries of this astonishing age.  Portraits accurate as life itself, are now taken in a twinkling, almost.  Mr. Carey, at Sterling Block, is one of the best operators the country affords.  His pictures are the very best specimens of the art.  We have never seen any equal to his.  He remains in town a few days longer,  Those who want good likenesses, true to nature, should give him an immediate call.

1847 August 24.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  August 24, 1847, Vol. XXXVII, No. 1946, New Series Vol. VI, No. 295, P. 3.

Go to Carey’s, if you want a good Daguerreotype Portrait.  His Pictures are the best we have ever seen.  We do not believe a better operator can anywhere be found.

1847 August 31.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  August 31, 1847, Vol. XXXVII, No. 1946, New Series Vol. VI, No. 296, P. 3.

Mr. Carey leaves town to-day, to be gone one or two weeks.  Those who wish good Daguerreotypes, should give him an early call on his return.

1847 September 21.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  September 21, 1847, Vol. XXXVI, No. 1953, New Series Vol. VI, No. 299, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  Cary’s Daguerreotype Room, is re-opened for a few days previous to his leaving for the South.

All persons indebted to him for Portraits will settle the same without further notice.

Advertisement ran from September 21 to November 2, 1847.

1848 July 4.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  July 4, 1848, Vol. XXXVIII, No. 1994, New Series—VII, No. 340, P. 3.

Cary’s Daguerreotype Rooms, Sterling Block, No. 14.  Mr. Cary would respectfully give notice to the citizens of Bridgeport and vicinity, that he is now prepared to execute Daguerreotype Portraits in his most admired style.

Rooms open from 9 A. M. to 5 o’clock, P. M.

Perfect likenesses of young children (of any age) may be taken between the hours of 1 and 3, P. M., in from one to three seconds’ sitting.

Instruction given in the art, and all his recent improvements thoroughly taught.

Advertisement ran from July 4 to December 5, 1848.

1849 May 29.  American And Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  May 29, 1849, Vol. XCIX, No. 17,289, P. 3.

Broadbent & Cary’s Daguerreotype Rooms, 211 and 128 Baltimore Street.

Advertisement ran from May 29  to August 6, 1849.

1849 May 30.  American And Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  May 30, 1849, Vol. XCIX, No. 17,290, P. 3.

Local Matters.  Reported for the American…

Beautiful Daguerreotypes.—We have recently [examined] with much pleasure the very beautiful specimens of Daguerreotyping, executed by Messrs, Broadbent Cary, No. 128 Baltimore street.  These gentlemen, with a perfect knowledge of the art, have availed themselves of the latest improvements made in France and Germany, and now produce a perfect likeness, [which] by the aid of a little colouring, is made to bear [a close] resemblance to a finely executed miniature.—[those] who will take the trouble to examine their [speci ?] will at once acknowledge their great excellence.  [The] rooms of Messrs. Broadbent & Cary are neatly [prepared] for the reception of ladies and gentlemen, and [ ? ] great pains they take to afford entire satisfaction to [those] who favor them with their custom, commends [them] strongly to public patronage.

1849 June 13.  American And Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  June 13, 1849, Vol. XCIX, No. 17,302, P. 2.

Left at The Daguerreotype Rooms of Broadbent & Cary, in the American Office Building, a Bead Purse containing Money, and other articles which the owner can have by paying for this advertisement.

1849 October 2.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  October 2, 1849, Vol. XXXIX, No. 2059, New Series—VIII, No. 405, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  Carey remains at Sterling Block ten day longer.  Persons who wish good likenesses will please give him a call.

Advertisement ran from October 2 to November 13, 1849.

1849 October 31.  The Savannah Daily Republican.  (Savannah, Georgia.)  October 31, 1849, Vol. XLVII, No. 256, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  The Subscriber has made an arrangement with P. M. Carey, to take charges of his Daguerreotype Establishment, this season, and request all who want a good Picture, to call at his rooms, corner of Bryan-street and Market-square.

Mr. Carey’s merits as an artist are too well known to require comment.  T. T. Wilmot.

1849 December 3.  The Savannah Daily Republican.  (Savannah, Georgia.)  December 3, 1849, Vol. XLVII, No. 283, P. 2.

Daguerreotypes.  T. T. Wilmot would respectfully announce to the inhabitants of Savannah, that Mr. Cary has arrived and is prepared to execute Likenesses in the most splendid style.

His Portraits are pronounced by Artist and the best judges, to be unequalled.

Rooms corner of Bryan-st. and Market-square.

Advertisement ran from December 3 to 14, 1849.

1850 February 15.  The Savannah Daily Republican.  (Savannah, Georgia.)  February 15, 1850, Vol. XLVIII, No. 39, P. 2.

It will be seen by Mr. Cary’s advertisement, that he has resumed the business of taking Daguerreotypes.  Mr. C’s. work has always given entire satisfaction, and with his recent practice in New York and elsewhere, it can hardly be doubted that he excels in the art more now than ever.

1850 February 15.  The Savannah Daily Republican.  .  (Savannah, Georgia.)  February 15, 1850, Vol. XLVIII, No. 39, P. 2.

Beautiful Daguerreotypes.  Cary’s Daguerreotype Rooms are now open, over the Jewelry Store of the late T. T.  Wilmot, corner Bryan-street and Market -square.

Operating Hours from 9 A. M. to 5 P. M.

Children’s Likenesses (at any age) taken from one to three seconds sitting.

Advertisement ran from February 15 to March 21, 1850.

1850 June 1.  The Savannah Daily Republican.  (Savannah, Georgia.)  June 1, 1850, Vol. XLVIII, No. 128, P. 2.

Daguerreotypes.  P. M. Cary returns his thanks to the citizens of Savannah for the liberal patronage bestowed upon him during the past season, and would respectfully give notice that his Rooms will close in 10 days.

Advertisement ran on June 1 & 3, 1850.

1850 August 19.  Tri-Weekly Standard.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  August 19, 1850, Vol. 1, No. 97, P. 2.

It is hardley necessary for us to refer to the advertisement of Mr. Cary.  His Daguerreotypes are among the best in the country.

1850 August 19.  Tri-Weekly Standard.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  August 19, 1850, Vol. 1, No. 97, P. 2.

Daguerreotypes.  P. M. Cary would respectfully give notice that he has reopened his rooms, in the Sterling Block, where he would be happy to wait on my persons who may wish their portraits taken by him.

Advertisement ran from August 20 to September 11, 1850.

Daguerreotypes. 

M. A. & S. Root, 363 Broadway, for the best daguerreotypes.  Silver medal.

J. Gurney, 189 Broadway.

Meade Brothers, 233 Broadway.

Harrison & Holmes, 289 Broadway.

D. E. Gavit, 247 Broadway.

C. M. Cary[1], 187 Broadway.

For excellent daguerreotypes, no difference being perceptible to the Judges.  Silver medal to each.

Meade Brothers, 239 Broadway, for superior chemically colored daguerreotypes.  Diploma.

Minors’ Work.

Thomas B. Atkins, 219 Fulton-street, Brooklyn, for daguerreotypes.  $5 and a certificate.

1850 October 25.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  October 25, 1850, Whole No. 5980, P. 1.

Premiums Awarded at the Fair of the American Institute.  We give to-day a continuation of the list of premiums, of which we had not space for insertion yesterday.  To-morrow, we shall conclude it entire and make what comments we judge proper on the whole affair. 

Silver Medals:

Langenheim & Co., New York, best Talbotypes.

M. A. & S. Root, New York, Best daguerreotypes.

J. Gurney, New York, second best daguerreotypes.

Meade & Brothers, New York,  do           do.

Harrison & Holmes, New York, do           do.

D. E. Gavit, Albany, N. Y.,         do           do.

C. M. Cary1, New York,             do           do.

1850 November 25.  The Savannah Daily Republican.  (Savannah, Georgia.)  November 25, 1850, Vol. XLVIII, No. 295, P. 2.

Daguerreotypes.  P. M. Cary would respectfully give notice to the public that he has re-opened his Rooms, Corner Bryan-street and Market-square, (over Wilmot’s Jewelry Store,) where he will be happy to wait upon all who would have their Pictures wall executed.

A Daguerreotype of Jenny Lind may be seen at his Rooms.

Advertisement ran from November 25, 1850 to May 24, 1851.

1851 September 3.  The Tri-Weekly Standard.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  September 3, 1851, Vol. 2, No. 105, Whole No. 258, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  P. M. Cary would respectfully give notice that he has taken the rooms of C. S. Middlebrook, Water-St. (for a few days only) where he would be happy to wait upon any person who would have their pictures well taken.  aug25.

1851 September 9.  Republican Farmer.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  September 9, 1851, Vol. XLI, No. 2159, New Series—X, No. 506, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.  P. M. Cary would respectfully give notice that he has taken the rooms of C. S. Middlebrook, Water-St. (for a few days only) where he would be happy to wait upon any person who would have their pictures well taken.  August 25, 1851.

1851 October 22.  The Savannah Daily Republican.  (Savannah, Georgia.)  October 22, 1851, Vol. XLIX, No. 248, P. 2.

Passengers…Per steam packet Gordon, from Charleston—Mrs. Cary and Child…P. M. Cary.  

1851 October 28.  The Savannah Daily Republican.  (Savannah, Georgia.)  October 28, 1851, Vol. XLIX, No. 253, P. 2.

P. M. Cary would respectfully give notice that he has re-opened his gallery (corner Bryan-street and Market-square) where he would be happy to wait on all persons who would have a superior picture.

For Sale.—A fine assortment of Plates and Cases, of the finest quality.

Advertisement ran from October 28 to December 31, 1851.

1852 October 6.  Tri-Weekly Standard.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  October 6, 1852, Vol. 3, No. 117, Whole No. 427, P. 3.

Bank Place Daguerrian Gallery, Corner Main and State sts.  Opposite the Franklin House, Bridgeport.—This Establishment has obtained a reputation, unequalled for good Daguerreotypes.  P. M. Cary, having now returned from the South, has connected himself with the above named place for a short time,—whose reputation as an artist is well known; and we would say that we are now prepared at all hours and all weather to serve those who may wish to “Secure the shadow before the substance fades.”

The Likenesses produced at this Establishment are remarkable for their life-like appearance and Durability of Impression.

N. B.—A good Likenesses guaranteed in every case, or no charge made.

Advertisement ran from October 6 to December 22, 1852.

1853 July 19.  The Evening Post.  (New York, New York.)  July 19, 1853, Vol. LII, P. 3.

Passengers Arrived…In the steamship Florida, from Savannah—…P. M. Cary…

1853 October 22.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  October 22, 1853, Whole No. 7602, P. 5.

Cary & Perkins’ Daguerreotypes Taken daily at 407 Broadway, and corner of Bryan street and Market square, Savannah, Ga.

Advertisement ran on October 22 & 23, 1853.

1853 October 24.  Tri-Weekly Standard.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  October 24, 1853, Vol. 4, No. 125, Whole No. 592, P. 2.

Cary & Perkins, Daguerreotypists, No. 407 Broadway, New York, And Savannah, Geo.

Advertisement ran from October 6, 1853 to June 5, 1854.

1853 October 24.  Tri-Weekly Standard.  (Bridgeport, Connecticut.)  October 24, 1853, Vol. 4, No. 125, Whole No. 592, P. 2.

Cary & Perkins, Daguerreotypists, No. 407 Broadway, New York, And Savannah, Geo.

Advertisement ran from October 24, 1853 to June 5, 1854.

[1] Probably Preston M. Cary.

Carvalho, Solomon Nunes

Daguerreotypes, Portrait Painter, , , , , ,

1849-1850       205 Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland.

1849-1850       Corner of 4½ Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C.

1850                205 Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland.

1850-1851       230 King Street, Charleston, South Carolina.

1851                Masonic Hall, King and Wentworth Streets, Charleston, South Carolina.

1851-1852       167 Meeting Street, Charleston, South Carolina.

1852                294 King Street, Charleston, South Carolina.

1853                349 Broadway, New York, New York.

N. D.  The New York Historical Society’s Dictionary Of American Artists In America 1564-1860.  (New Haven, Connecticut.)  1957, P. 113-114.

Carvalho, Solomon Nunes (1815-1894).  Portrait and Landscape painter, daguerreotypist, and photographer; born in Charleston (S. C.), April 27, 1815.  The artist’s father, David N. Carvalho (1784-1860), a watchmaker and merchant in Charleston for many years, moved in 1828 to Baltimore, where he established a marble paper Manufactory.  The family moved again in 1835, to Philadelphia, where they remained for the next fifteen years.  Solomon’s career as an artist began in Philadelphia about 1838 and centered there for the next decade, though he also worked in Charleston and Washington in the early 1840’s.  S. N. Carvalho was again in Philadelphia in 1849, when he exhibited at the Pennsylvania Academy, but the following year the whole family, including Solomon’s wife and two year old son David, moved to Baltimore, where they made their home until the elder Carvalho’s death in 1860.  In 1851-52 Solomon again paid a professional visit to Charleston.  His next professional venture was his two year service as artist-photographer with John C. Fremont’s expedition to the Far West (1853-54), Carvalho’s own account of which was published in 1857.  During the latter half of the 1850’s the artist worked in Baltimore, but soon after his father’s death he moved to NYC, accompanied by his wife and four sons—David, Jerrite, Jacob, and Solomon (ages 12, 10, 8 and 4, respectively, in 1860).  Carvalho was listed as an artist or photographer in NYC directories until about 1880 and thereafter as president of the Carvalho Heating and Super-heating Co. or simply as inventor.  He died in NYC in 1894…

1845 October 25.  Saturday Courier.  (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.)  October 25, 1845, Vol. XV, No. 33, P. 3. 

On the 15th inst. By the Rev. Isaac Leeser, Mr. Solomon N. Carvalho, of Barbadoes, (sic.), eldest son of D. N. Carvalho, of this city, to Miss. Sarah M. daughter of the late Jacob S. Solis, of New York.

1846 February 5.  American Sentinel.  (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.)  February 5, 1846, Vol. XXX, P. 3. 

Married. In Barbados, W. I. On Wednesday, the 15th October, at the residence of Mr. S. Solis, Mr. Solomon N. Carvalho, of Bridgetown, Barbados, and son of D. N. Carvalho, of Philadelphia, to Miss. Sarah M. Solis, of that city, daughter of the late Jacob S. Solis.

1849 May 28.  American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  May 28, 1849, Vol. XCIX, No. 17,288, P. 3.

Gallery Of Fine Arts.  No. 205 Baltimore Street.  S. N. Carvalho, Artist, respectfully informs the inhabitants of Baltimore and its vicinity, that he has become the proprietor of the establishment formerly known as the Plumbe National Gallery, over The Jewelry Store of Messrs. R. & A. Campbell.  He has procured the services of Mr. T. O. Smith, the principal operator at Root’s Gallery of Philadelphia, who will attend to the production of an entirely new style Daguerreotype, patented under the name of the Crayon Daguerreotype, never before introduced in this city.  The great advantage which this style of picture possesses over any other, is that the picture can be seen equally well in any light, and as distinctly when hung against a wall as the finest miniature.  The whole strength of the Instrument is thrown on the head, and the artistic distribution of light and shadow give it the appearance of one of the celebrated Italian Crayon Drawings.

S. N. Carvalho will attend to the Painting department.  Portraits and Miniatures, either from life or Daguerreotype, executed in a manner which he is certain will give satisfaction.  In connection with the above, the Gallery will be adorner with choice works of art, both ancient and modern, affording to the citizens and ladies of Baltimore a fashionable and pleasing resort, without any pecuniary outlay.  The establishment is now being newly fitted up, and will be opened on the first of June.

The charges for the Crayon Daguerreotype will be less than those charged for ordinary Pictures, by the old process.  The subscriber depends solely on the merits of the Pictures produced at this establishment for the success which he anticipates.  

1849 June 22.  American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  June 22, 1849, Vol. XCIX, No. 17,310, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes—Mr. S. N. Carvalho, has recently opened his Gallery of Fine Arts at No. 205 Baltimore street, where he is prepared to take likenesses which, for superiority of execution and strictness of resemblance, cannot be surpassed.  Mr. C. has adopted the Crayon style, by which the daguerreotype is made to resemble a finely executed engraving.  By it, too, the artistic affect of light and shadow is more clearly developed; the bust is lost in the back ground, in imitation of crayon drawing; and the eyes, heretofore considered a very difficult feature to imitate successfully, are brought out with a distinctness and close resemblance which must satisfy all.  Another thing claimed for this style is that a large sized picture may be taken on a plate of one third the dimensions required by the old process.  Mr. Carvalho will also execute colored daguerreotypes when desired, for which his experience as an artist renders him peculiarly qualified.  He is assisted in his beautiful art by Mr. Smith, whose knowledge of chemistry enables him to prepare the plates with such sensitiveness that children may be taken in the short space of from one to three seconds.  The likeness of the Hon. Henry Clay, John Swift, Esq. Mayor of Philadelphia, and a number of other distinguished gentlemen, which may be found at Mr. C.’s rooms, will be readily recognized.  All in want of first rate pictures should not fail to give him a call.  Visitors will find the rooms handsomely furnished, and while waiting for pictures may amuse themselves on one of Messrs. Wise & Bro.’s fine tone pianos with the improved touch.

1849 July 17.  American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  July 17, 1849, Vol. C, No. 17,330, P. 2.

Improved Daguerreotypes.  S. N. Carvalho’s Gallery Of Fine Arts, No. 205 Baltimore street.  The subscriber informs the public generally that he has erected a building with a combination of sky and side lights, where he can (from his knowledge of light and shadow, having made it his study for 15 years,) produce Daguerreotype likenesses which will compare with any taken in the United States.  His new crayon process is admirably adapted for gentlemen’s portraits.  He invites the public to call and view his specimens, and will in all instances, if allowed, take a picture of a gentleman or lady to show the style of his work, without any charge.

Children of any age taken in a few seconds.

Portraits, Engravings, Statuary, &c., accurately copied.  S. N. Carvalho, over Campbell’s Jewelry Store, 205 Baltimore st.

1849 July 31.  American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  July 31, 1849, Vol. C, No. 17,342, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.—There is no branch of art in which more improvement has been effected in so short a time as that of Photography, or Daguerreotyping.  Among those who are foremost in the adoption of all new progressions in this beautiful science in Mr. S. N Carvalho, who has lately introduced here the Crayon process, by which his pictures are made to closely resemble a fine engraving.—He has recently much enlarged and made important additions to his already excellent sky light, and sitters may rely on having their likenesses taken in the most correct and life-like manner, and in the highest style of the art.  Mr. Carvalho’s rooms are at 205 Baltimore street, and will be fond to be handsomely furnished, with piano and other musical instruments for the entertainment of visitors.

1849 August 21.  American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  August 21, 1849, Vol. C, No. 17,360, P. 3.

Carvalho’s Daguerreotypes are justly admired for their truthful likenesses, classical arrangement, and beautiful tone.  Those who want a good picture are invited to call on Mr. Carvalho, No. 205 Baltimore street, over R. & A. Campbell’s jewelry store.

Advertisement ran from August 21 to 27, 1849.

1849 September 3.  American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  September 3, 1849, Vol. C, No. 17,371, P. 3.

Improved Daguerreotypes.  S. N. Carvalho’s Gallery Of Fine Arts, No. 205 Baltimore street.  The subscriber informs the public generally that he has erected a building with a combination of sky and side lights, where he can (from his knowledge of light and shadow, having made it his study for 15 years,) produce Daguerreotype likenesses which will compare with any taken in the United States.  His new crayon process is admirably adapted for gentlemen’s portraits.  He invites the public to call and view his specimens, and will in all instances, if allowed, take a picture of a gentleman or lady to show the style of his work, without any charge.

Children of any age taken in a few seconds.

Portraits, Engravings, Statuary, &c., accurately copied.  S. N. Carvalho, over Campbell’s Jewelry Store, 205 Baltimore st.

1849 September 17.  American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  September 17, 1849, Vol. C, No. 17,386, P. 3.

Carvalho’s Daguerreotypes are worthy a place in the Cabinet of all lovers of good pictures—his portraits are gems in their way.  They have a beautiful rich lifelike tone, and are considered by first rate judges to be the best in the city.  Mr. Carvalho is an experienced artist having practiced successfully his profession in this city ten years ago; and his knowledge of light and shadow enables him to give a classical arrangement to the figure.  His skylight is most scientifically projected; and his Saloon, No. 205 Baltimore st., is well worth a visit.

Advertisement ran from September 17 to 21, 1849.

1849 November 13.  The Republic.  (Washington, D. C.)  November 13, 1849, Vol. 1, No. 130, P. 3.

Arrivals At The Hotels…National Hotel, Corner of Pennsylvania Avenue and 6th street…S. N. Carvalho, Baltimore.

1849 November 27.  The Republic.  (Washington, D. C.)  November 27, 1849, Vol. 1, No. 142, P. 3.

Arrivals At The Hotels…National Hotel, Corner of Pennsylvania Avenue and 6th street…S. N. Carvalho, Baltimore.

1849 November 28.  American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  November 28, 1849, Vol. C, No. 17,428, P. 3.

Carvalho’s Gallery Of Fine Arts’ (formerly Plumb’s,) No. 205 Baltimore St. 

Why are Carvalho’s Daguerreotypes the best in the city?  Because they are made by an experienced Artist who understands the profession scientifically.

Why is Carvalho’s Gallery of Fine Arts continually thronged with visitors?  Because his rooms are elegantly arranged with beautiful specimens of Paintings, Engravings and Daguerreotypes, an improved tone Piano, and a Lady always in attendance for the comfort of Lady visitors.

Why are Carvalho’s Daguerreotypes easily distinguished from all others taken in the city?  Because there is a depth of tone, an artistic arrangement of light and shadow, and an ease and grace about the attitudes, which none others possess.

Why did not Carvalho’s Daguerreotypes take the premium at the late fair?  Simply because Carvalho’s Daguerreotypes were not on exhibition at the late Fair.  The public had already awarded him the highest premium for his Pictures.

Why is the operating room filled with Children of all ages from eleven o’clock till three every day?  Because during those hours he is continually engaged in producing the most beautiful groups of these interesting responsibilities.

Why he is always engaged in cloudy weather?  Because a cloudy day is the very best time for Adults to sit for Pictures.  Let the public bear this in mind.

1849 December 4.  The Republic.  (Washington, D. C.)  December 4, 1849, Vol. 1, No. 147, P. 3.

Arrivals At The Hotels…National Hotel, Corner of Pennsylvania Avenue and 6th street…S. N. Carvalho, Baltimore.

1849 December 7.  The Republic.  (Washington, D. C.)  December 7, 1849, Vol. 1, No. 150, P. 3.

Daguerreotypes.—We refer to the card, in another column, of Mr. Carvalho, artist, who has established himself in our city.  He has acquired much celebrity, and understands the art not only pf taking Daguerreotype likenesses, but of drawing, painting, &c., thoroughly.  Mr. C. is well known in Baltimore, and has now in that city a superb and highly attractive gallery of paintings.  We refer those who may desire his services to his establishment, and are confident they will be suited in the very best manner.

1849 December 7.  The Republic.  (Washington, D. C.)  December 7, 1849, Vol. 1, No. 150, P. 3.

American Photographic Gallery.  S. N. Carvalho, Artists, of Baltimore, respectfully informs the citizens of Washington and the public in general, that he has rented the Daguerreotype Gallery formerly occupied by Van Loan & Chase, at the corner of 4½ street and Pennsylvania avenue, where he is prepared to make pictures which will bear comparison with any daguerreotypes in the world.  He has established at Baltimore a reputation for making the best pictures in that city; and the public at Washington have now the opportunity of procuring an artistic picture, such an one as will be worthy a place in the cabinet of the connoisseurs or the ladies’ centre table.  Groups of any number of persons can be taken, with all the classical arrangement of light and shadow, expression, and beautiful tone of a highly-finished mezzotint engraving.

N. B.  The greatest care taken in procuring correct likenesses of children; and in no instance will a charge be made without the picture is perfectly satisfactory.  Call and examine specimens.  Post mortem cases promptly attended to.  Corner of 4½ and Pennsylvania avenue.

1849 December 8.  Daily National Intelligencer.  (Washington, D. C.)  December 8, 1849, Vol. XXXVII, No. 11,479, P. 3.

American Photographic Gallery.  S. N. Carvalho, Artists, of Baltimore, respectfully informs the citizens of Washington and the public in general, that he has rented the Daguerreotype Gallery formerly occupied by Van Loan & Chase, at the corner of 4½ street and Pennsylvania avenue, where he is prepared to make pictures which will bear comparison with any daguerreotypes in the world.  He has established at Baltimore a reputation for making the best pictures in that city; and the public at Washington have now the opportunity of procuring an artistic picture, such an one as will be worthy a place in the cabinet of the connoisseurs or the ladies’ centre table.  Groups of any number of persons can be taken, with all the classical arrangement of light and shadow, expression, and beautiful tone of a highly-finished mezzotint engraving.

N. B.  The greatest care taken in procuring correct likenesses of children; and in no instance will a charge be made without the picture is perfectly satisfactory.  Call and examine specimens.  Post mortem cases promptly attended to.  Corner of 4½ and Pennsylvania avenue.

1849 December 12.  The Daily Union.  (Washington, D. C.)  December 12, 1849, Vol. V, No. 191, P. 3.

American Photographic Gallery.  S. N. Carvalho, Artists, of Baltimore, respectfully informs the citizens of Washington and the public in general, that he has rented the Daguerreotype Gallery formerly occupied by Van Loan & Chase, at the corner of 4½ street and Pennsylvania avenue, where he is prepared to make pictures which will bear comparison with any daguerreotypes in the world.  He has established at Baltimore a reputation for making the best pictures in that city; and the public at Washington have now the opportunity of procuring an artistic picture, such an one as will be worthy a place in the cabinet of the connoisseurs or the ladies’ centre table.  Groups of any number of persons can be taken, with all the classical arrangement of light and shadow, expression, and beautiful tone of a highly-finished mezzotint engraving.

N. B.  The greatest care taken in procuring correct likenesses of children; and in no instance will a charge be made without the picture is perfectly satisfactory.  Call and examine specimens.  Post mortem cases promptly attended to.  Corner of 4½ and Pennsylvania avenue.

Advertisement ran from December 12, 1849 to March 24, 1850.

1850 January 1.  The Daily Union.  (Washington, D. C.)  January 1, 1850, Vol. V, No. 207, P. 3.

Wonders will never cease!—We are told that a most beautiful Daguerreotype likeness can be obtained at the new daguerrean establishment, at the Odeon, for only One Dollar.

Advertisement ran from January 1 to 10, 1850.

1850 March 13.  Daily National Intelligencer.  (Washington, D. C.)  March 13, 1850, Vol. XXXVIII, No. 11,557, P. 3.

Carvalho’s Daguerreotypes, Odeon, corner of 4½ street and Pennsylvania avenue.  Daguerreotypes taken in the first style of art.  The public are invited to call and examine specimens.

1850 June 29.  Baltimore Price-Current and Weekly Journal of Commerce.  (Baltimore, Maryland.) June 29, 1950, Vol. 1, No. 1, P. 1.

Carvalho’s Daguerreotype Gallery, No. 205 Baltimore st.  Pictures taken in all weathers.

The most extensive and scientifically arranged sky-light in the city.

Advertisement ran from June 29, 1850 to July 12, 1851.

1850 July 6.  Baltimore Price-Current and Weekly Journal of Commerce.  (Baltimore, Maryland.) July 6, 1850, Vol. 1, No. 2, P. 1.

Carvalho’s Daguerreotype Gallery, No. 205 Baltimore st.  Pictures taken in all weather.

The most extensive and scientifically arranged sky-light in the city.

1850 July 31.  American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  July 31, 1850, Vol. CII, No. 15,843, P. 2.

Ivory Daguerreotypes At Carvalho’s Gallery, 205 Baltimore Street.  The Subscriber is now producing a new and beautiful style of  pictures, resembling a miniature painted on Ivory, which for beauty and tone of finish, cannot be surpassed and supercede (sic.) entirely the necessity of the expensive Miniature Painting, which these imitate.  S, N. Carvalho. 205 Baltimore street, over Campbell’s Jewelry Store.

1850 October 24.  The Sun.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  October 24, 1850, Vol. XXVII, No. 136, P. 2.

Cattle Show.—Strangers visiting the city for the purpose of attending the above, are respectfully invited to Carvalho’s Daguerreotype Gallery, No. 205 Baltimore Street, over Campbell’s Jewelry Store where they can obtain a superior picture of themselves and friends.

1850 December 16.  The Charleston Courier.  (Charleston, South Carolina.)  December 16, 1850, Vol. XLVIII, No. 14,681, P. 2.

Ship News Port Of Charleston Dec. 16, 1850.  Arrived on Saturday…

Line Schr. Saml. Butler, Booze, Baltimore, 3m days from Capes…S. N. Carvalho.

1850 December 17.  The Charleston Courier.  (Charleston, South Carolina.)  December 17, 1850, Vol. XLVIII, No. 14,682, P. 3.

Ivory Daguerreotypes.  S, N. Carvalho, a native of Charleston, respectfully informs the Ladies and Gentlemen of this city, and its vicinity, that he has taken rooms at No. 230 King street, opposite Messrs. Lambert & Brother’s Carpet store, where he is prepared to make Daguerreotypes on an entire new style, by a process discovered by himself.  These pictures resemble a highly finished miniature on Ivory, and possess the advantage of being seen in any light.  Being an artist, he is also enabled, from his knowledge of light and shade, to make classical arrangements of groups, by the usual process.

Particular care taken in making Daguerreotypes of Children of any age. Which by the aid of powerful quick working instrument, can be correctly delivered in one second of time.

Likenesses Taken After Death, at the shortest notice.  Paintings, Engravings, Statuary and Daguerreotypes accurately copied.

Portraits painted in oil from life, and Likenesses in every instance guaranteed.  S. N. Carvalho, 230 King street.

1851 February 3.  The Charleston Courier.  (Charleston, South Carolina.) February 3, 1851, Vol. XLIX, No. 14,721, P. 2.

Mr. Carvalho’s Daguerreotypes and Oil Paintings.—Within the last year, numerous important improvements in the process of Daguerreotyping have been introduced, which we have taken occasion from time to time, to notice.  Among the latest is a new style resembling a highly finished miniatures on ivory, several specimens of which are on exhibition at the rooms of Mr. S. N. Carvalho, 230 King street.  Mr. C. is a native of this city, where he has returned, after an absence of a few years, with recruited health, and experience in the profession to which he has devoted himself, with the view of taken up his permanent residence among us.  His studio has  been only recently opened to the public, but he has already accumulated a respectable number of likenesses of well known residents of this city both in Photographic and Oil paintings; his familiarity as a professional artist with the philosophical principles of light and shadow, enabling him to combine the study and practice of both to great advantage.  An exquisitely delicate and life-like fancy sketch in oil, which he has just completed, is attracting the admiration of his visitors, and considered by many good judges among them to be a highly successful effort, in the delineation of a difficult subject, altitude and expression.  Mr. Carvalho’s rooms are open at all hours of the morning and afternoon for the inspection of ladies and gentlemen desirous of seeing his specimens and improvements in the art.

1851 March 4.  American and Commercial Daily Advertiser.  (Baltimore, Maryland.)  March 4, 1851, Vol. CIII, No. 16,025, P. 3.

Paintings And Furniture Of A Gallery Of Fine Arts.—On This (Wednesday) Morning, March 5th, at 12 o’clock, precisely, we shall sell at 205 Baltimore street, over the store of Messrs. R. & A. Campbell, the Paintings and Furniture of Mr. S. N. Carvalho. Who is about to vacate the premises.  We name—One suit of solid Walnut Furniture, consisting of Sofas, 2 Lounges and 8 Chairs; Tapestry covers, made by Riddle, of Philadelphia; Damask Window Curtains; Lace do; French Plate Mirrors; Centre Tables; Side do; Show Cases; Stoves, &c. –in fact, every thing usually found in such an establishment.  Also, 25 Oli Paintings, part of which are original and very valuable.

Terms cash, in bankable money.  Cannon, Bennett & Co., Aucts.

Advertisement ran on March 4 & 5, 1851.

1851 April 2.  The Charleston Courier.  (Charleston, South Carolina.) April 2, 1851, Vol. XLIX, No. 14,772, P. 3.

Carvalho’s Daguerreotypes, at the Masonic Hall, corner of King and Wentworth sts., entrance on Wentworth-st.—The subscriber respectfully  informs the public generally, that he has removed his Gallery to the first floor of the Masonic Hall, where he is prepared to make Daguerreotypes of all sizes, in style which for classical arrangements and beauty of finish, cannot be excelled.   S. N. Carvalho.

1851 June 11.  The Charleston Courier.  (Charleston, South Carolina.) June 11, 1851, Vol. XLIX, No. 14,831, P. 3.

Ship News.  Port of Charleston, June 11, 1851.  Arrived Yesterday…

Brig. [Gulnare, Ellenis], Baltimore, 9 days from the capes…S. N. Carvalho.   

1851 June 17.  The Charleston Courier.  (Charleston, South Carolina.) June 17, 1851, Vol. XLIX, No. 14,836, P. 3.

South-Carolina Daguerrean Gallery,  Grand Sky Light 167 Meeting-st., nearly opposite the Charleston Hotel.  The subscriber has fitted up on scientific principles, a grand Sky Light , so arranged, that Pictures can be made in all kinds of weather, but without inconvenience to the weakest eyes from excessive glare of light.

Citizens and strangers are invited to visit this Gallery whether they wish pictures or not.

Daguerreotypes Of Children, singly or in family groups.

All pictures warranted not to rub off,  S. N. Carvalho.

Advertisement ran from June 17 to 20, 1851.

1851 November 21.  The Southern Press.  (Washington, D. C.)  November 21, 1851, Vol. II, No. 140, P. 3.

From the Charleston Courier.  Opening of the Fair,..

Specimens Of Art.  Daguerreotypes.—From Smith and Longman, S. N Carvalho. 

Oil Paintings—Messrs. Curtis, Carvalho.

1852 February 14.  Boston Evening Transcript.  (Boston, Massachusetts.)  February 14, 1852, P. 1.

A daguerreotypist in Charlestown, (sic.) Mr. Carvalho, has discovered a mode of covering the daguerreotypes with a transparent enamel surface, whereby he dispenses with the glass cover to protect the picture.  Rubbing the plate, instead of injuring, improves the picture.  Such pictures may be sent any distance without injury.

1852 February 21.  The Planters’ Banner.  (Franklin, Louisiana.)  February 21, 1852, Vol. XVII, No. 6, P. 3.

New Discovery in Daguerreotyping.—J. N. Carvalho, of Charleston, has shown the editor of the Courier a specimen of his newly invented daguerreotype plate, which possesses this advantage over the old method, viz: that it requires no glass to protect it, inasmuch as it is covered with a transparent enamel surface, which renders the picture impervious to the effects of the atmosphere, and less liable to be rubbed off; in fact, the more friction that is used on the surface, the brighter and clearer the picture becomes.  So durable is it that it can be sent in a letter any distance without the possibility of its being scratched or defaced.  Mr. Carvalho, who is a native of Charleston intends to take out a patent for his discovery

1852 February 21.  Sunbury American.  (Sunbury, Pennsylvania.)  February 21, 1852, New Series Vol. 4, No. 48, Old Series Vol. 12, No. 22, P. 1.

A Daguerreotypist in Charlestown, (sic.) Mr. Carvalho, has discovered a mode of covering the Daguerreotypes with a transparent enamel surface, whereby he dispenses with the glass cover to protect the picture.  Rubbing the plate, instead of injuring, improves the picture.  Such pictures may be sent any distance without injury.

1852 February 26.  The New York Reformer.  (Watertown, New York.)  February 26, 1852, Vol. 2, No. 27, P. 3.

Valuable Discovery.—A daguerreotypist in Charleston, Mr. Carvalho, has discovered a mode of covering the daguerreotypes with a transparent enamel surface, whereby he dispenses with the glass cover to protect the picture.  Rubbing the plate, instead of injuring, improves the picture.  Such pictures may be sent to any distance without injury.

1852 March 2.  Vermont Chronicle.  (Windsor, Vermont.)  March 2, 1852, Vol. XXVII, No. 9, Whole No. 1352, P. 4.

A gentleman in Charleston is said to have made a valuable discovery in the art of daguerreotyping.  The advantage claimed for a picture taken by the new process is, that it requires no glass to protect it, inasmuch as it is covered with a transparent enameled surface, which renders the picture impervious to the effects of the atmosphere, and less liable to be rubbed off; in fact, the more friction that is used on the surface, the brighter and clearer the picture becomes; and so durable is it, that it can be sent in a letter any distance without the possibility of its being scratched or defaced.

1852 March 4.  Hannibal Journal.  (Hannibal, Missouri.)  March 4, 1852, Vol. II, No. 27, P. 4.

New Discovery In Daguerreotyping.—We had placed on our desk yesterday by Mr. J. N. Carvalho, of 167 Meeting street for the inspection of the curious in such matters a specimen of his newly invented daguerreotype plate, which possesses this advantage over the old method, viz: that it requires no glass to protect it, inasmuch as it is covered with a transparent enamel surface, which renders the picture impervious to the effects of the atmosphere, and less liable to be rubbed off—in fact the more friction that is used on the surface the brighter and clearer the picture becomes, and so durable is it that it can be sent in a letter any distance without the possibility of its being scratched or defaced.  Mr. Carvalho intends, we understand, to take out a patent.—Charleston paper.

1852 April 1.  Pittsfield Sun.  (Pittsfield, Massachusetts.)  April 1, 1852, Vol. LII, No. 2689, P. 2.

A Daguerreotypist in Charleston, S. C. has discovered a mode of covering daguerreotypes with a transparent enamel surface, whereby he dispenses with the glass cover to protect the picture.  Rubbing the plate, instead of injuring, improves the picture.  Such pictures may be sent to any distance without injury.

1852 May 20.  The Charleston Courier.  (Charleston, South Carolina.) May 20, 1852, Vol. L, No. 15,118, P. 3.

Grand Scientifically Arranged Light,  Carvalho’s King-Street Daguerreotype Gallery, 294, Opposite Liberty-Street, Only Up One Flight Of Stairs.  First Rate Pictures From $1.50, Case Included, To Ten Dollars.

Likenesses of Children taken in One Second of time.  All Pictures Warranted.

N. B. A reception room expressly for Ladies.

1852 August 14.  The New York Herald.  (New York, New York.)  August 14, 1852, Whole No. 7226, P. 3.

Daguerrean Gallery.—A First Rate Opportunity for going into business.–For sale, a Daguerrean Gallery, with skylight ten feet square, neatly fitted up, now doing a business of $1,800 per annum, in the most business part of Charleston, S. C., either with or without a whole or a half plate instrument.  The subscriber, being engaged in the duties of his profession, is unable to attend to it.  Address, post paid, to S. N. Carvalho, artist, Charleston, S. C.  N. B.—From $300 to $400 required, as may be agreed on , and possession given immediately.

1852 November 23.  The Camden Journal.  (Camden, South Carolina.)  November 23, 1852, Vol. 3, No. 94, P. 2.

The Fair and Poultry Exhibition…We have taken a few notes in the more delicate and fine arts to-day.  In Oil Painting, Mr. S. N. Cavalho (sic.), of this city, presents several creditable offerings from his studio-conspicuous among which is a familiar Portrait readily recognized as the weather beaten but expressive countenance of “The Wandering Jew,” a venerable eccentric character well known down town, by his constant presence, and up the road, through the innumerable hieroglyphics traced along the fences, to an indefinite extent, by his hand.  These paintings add no little attraction to the Exhibition.

1852 November 25.  Charleston Courier.  (Charleston, South Carolina.)  November 25, 1852, Vol. L, No 15277, P. 2.

The Committee on Premiums, to whom was assigned the duty of selecting competent judges to decide on the respective merits of the various articles offered for exhibition at the Fair of the South-Carolina Institute for the present year, respectfully report the following list of awards…

S. N. Carvalho, for the Bust of a Beggar—a Silver Medal.

Osborn, for the best Composition Daguerreotypes—A Silver Medal. 

Glenn, for the best Daguerreotype heads—a Silver Medal.

1852 December 27.  The Charleston Courier.  (Charleston, South Carolina.) December 27, 1852, Vol. L, No. 15,304, P. 2.

For Sale.—The Subscriber, intending to devote his whole time to his profession (Portrait Painting) will dispose of his Daguerrean Gallery, 294 King-street, together with instruments, &c., on accommodating terms.  He will also give instructions to the purchaser if required.  Apply as above.  S. N. Carvalho.

1853 February 28.  Morning Journal and Courier.  (New Haven, Connecticut.)  February 28, 1853, Vol. VIII, No. 49, P. 2

A valuable discovery with regard to daguerreotypes has been made by Mr. S. N. Carvalho, an artist of Charleston, S. C.  It has been hitherto necessary to enclose daguerreotypes in cases, and cover them with glass, as the least friction destroyed the work of sun and shadow.  Mr. Carvalho has discovered a perfectly transparent enamel, insoluble by all ordinary agents, a thin coating of which being spread upon a daguerreotype, may be carried about without other protection, or sent by post to any part of the world.  The enamel, produces no perceptible effect upon the picture.

1853 March 4.  The Freeman’s Journal.  (Cooperstown, New York.)  March 4, 1853, Vol. XLV, No. 29, Whole No. 2,317, P. 4.

A valuable discovery with regard to daguerreotypes has been made by Mr. S. N. Carvalho, an artist of Charleston, S. C.  It has been hitherto necessary to enclose daguerreotypes in cases, and cover them with glass, as the least friction destroyed the work of sun and shadow.  Mr. Carvalho has discovered a perfectly transparent enamel, insoluble by all ordinary agents, a thin coating of which being spread upon a daguerreotype it may be carried about without other protection, or sent by post to any part of the world.  The enamel, produces no perceptible effect upon the picture.

1853 March 8.  Portland Weekly Advertiser.  (Portland, Maine.)  March 8, 1853, Vol. LV, No. 10, P. 2.

A Discovery And An Improvement.—Mr. Carvalho, a young artist who has won some deserved celebrity at Charleston, S. C. has shown us a specimen of the successful application of a recent discovery of his, which must add, we think great value to the daguerreotype.  It is a process of enamelling,—applied after the picture is taken—by which the impression is permanently secured, and protected from the action of fire, water, or contact of any kind.  Thus protected, the daguerreotype needs no glass, in framing, and it may be transmitted, without injury, by mail, to any distance.  [N. Y. Express.

1853 March 17.  New York Daily Tribune.  (New York, New York.)  March 17, 1853, Vol. XII, No. 3718, P. 4.

Transparent Enameled Daguerreotypes.—J. Gurney, Daguerreotypist, No. 349 Broadway, corner of Leonard-st., having completed arrangements and entered into an arrangement with Mr. S. N. Carvalho, the discoverer of the above beautiful and highly important process, takes this method to inform his patrons and the public generally, that Mr. Carvalho may be found at his gallery, No. 349 Broadway, where he is prepared to enamel daguerreotypes of all sizes, whether taken at the gallery or elsewhere.

In offering this discovery to the public, Mr. Gurney is deeply impressed with the importance which a hard, transparent; enamel surface must and does add to the intrinsic value of good Daguerreotypes.  It effectually and permanently preserves it from atmospheric action; the picture may be washed, rubbed hard with a soft handererchief or glove, handled with soiled or greasy fingers, the surface of the enamel not sustaining the slightest injury.

Valuable Daguerreotypes of deceased relatives or friends may be thus permanently preserved at a small expense.

To Miniature painters, engravers and artists generally this enamel surface affords facility for tracing, which is a great desideratum.

For transmitting Daguerreotypes in a simple letter to any part of the world, without extra expense for postage, express, &c., thousands of persons will take advantage, as it supercedes the great uncertainty, detention, and expense of ordinary transportation.

The public are respectfully invited to call and examine specimens.  J. Gurney, cor. Leonard and Broadway.

Advertisement ran on March 17 & 18, 1853.

1853 March 22.  Vermont Chronicle.  (Windsor, Vermont.)  March 22, 1853, Vol. XXVIII, No. 12, Whole No. 1408, P. 4.

Enamel For Daguerreotypes.  A valuable discovery with regard to daguerreotypes has been made by Mr. S. N. Carvalho, an artist of Charleston, S. C,  It has been hitherto necessary to enclose daguerreotypes in cases, and cover them with glass, as the least friction destroyed the work of sun shadow. 

Mr. Charvalho (sic.) has discovered a perfectly transparent enamel, insoluble by all ordinary agents, a thin coating of which being spread upon a daguerreotype, it may be carried about without other protection, or sent by post to any part of the world.  The enamel produces no perceptible effect upon the picture.

1853 October 28.  Wheeling Daily Intelligencer.  (Wheeling, Virginia.)  October 28, 1853, Vol. 2, No. 55, P. 2.

Col. Fremont had sufficiently recovered from his indisposition to enable him to resume his winter expedition over the central rout to the Pacific.  He left St. Louis on the 15th to join his company at Old Caw Mission, at which place they were camping.  His party consists of twenty-one men, ten of whom are Delaware Indians.  Some of these Indians have been with Col. Fremont on previous expeditions.  They are picked men of their tribe, and most skillful hunters.  A daguerrean artist goes with the party, who will take sketches of everything worthy to be represented along the route.

1854 September 22.  The Western Democrat.  (Charlotte, North Carolina.)  September 22, 1854, Vol. 3, No. 9, P. 2.

Daguerreotypes of The Rocky Mountains.  The Washington correspondent of the New York Times writes: 

Calling upon the world-renowned Col. Fremont, at his residence a few evenings since. I was favored with an exhibition of quite a number of the three hundred daguerreotype views of various points of interest passed by him during his recent expedition to the Rocky Mountains, taken by the Colonel, with the assistance of a young artist who belonged to his party.  I hardly know whether to express more admiration of the perfection of these pictures as a work of art, or of the happy idea which suggested this method of presenting perfectly truthful descriptions of the country through which the explorer passed.  Some of these views present a back-ground of twenty or thirty miles; and, notwithstanding they were all taken in the open air, and under circumstances which make it quite impossible for the artist to avail themselves of some of the chemicals indispensable by Brady or Whitehurst, the latter gentlemen never turned out better specimens of the art than are many of the Colonel’s plates.   

 1897 May 24.  New York Tribune.  (New York, New York.)  May 24, 1897, Vol. LVII, No. 18, 453, P. 7.

Solomon N. Carvalho.  Solomon N. Carvalho, an artist, of No. 479 Mount Hope Place, died at his home on Friday.  Mr. Carvalho was eighty-two years old.  He leaves two sons, S. S. Carvalho, the newspaper man, who lives at Metuchen, N. J., and David N. Carvalho, of No. 42 East One-Hundred-and-thirty-third-st., who is at present in California.

Information From internet:

http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/Members/ffrenchConnections_2.htm

F) SOLOMON II NUNES CARVALHO (1815/1897)

Charleston, South Carolina.

27 Apr 1815 Born   Attended Charleston College?
1828 Parents left him @13?  to go to Baltimore
1833 Stayed in Charleston
1834 “Professional Artist” Paints Beth Elohim synagogue. After 1838 when it burnt down offers it to Congregation who pay him $50 for it.

Barbados?

1835 onwards  working for “Uncle” ie Emmanuel (or David, his father?
1838 Dry Goods store owner in Charleston
1840 “Child with rabbits” picture used on bank notes US & Canada
20 Mar 1841 visit to Washington DC for silhouette portrait of himself

July 1843 in Bridgetown, Barbados with sister Julia
1844 Barbados self-portrait

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

1845-50  Learned the daguerreotype process
16 Jul 1845 writes to Sarah’s brother re marriage
15 Oct 1845 M Sarah Miriam Etting Solis (b 15 Oct 1824/ d Mt Pleasant, NY 2 May 1894-Dau of Jacob daSilva Solis & Charity Hays who had been married by uncle Emanuel Carvalho-Sarah had royal ancestry from Portugal, Castile, Leon &Spain i.e. very establishment family)
1846 Shipwreck on honeymoon to the “Islands”
29 Sep 1848 son David 1-born
1848 visits Washington Dinner with Prof Samuel F B Morse
1849  Exhibition of work. residence 144 Chestnut Street, Phil. (Delightful! see Google Streetview)
1849/50 Officer Hebrew Education Soc

Baltimore, Maryland.

July 1849 opens Gallery of Fine Arts at 205 Baltimore St. prev. location of John Plumbe Jr.
1850 Listed as Daguerrian Washington DC & Baltimore. Advertised his gallery of “Ivory and other Daguerreotypes” at the Odeon, corner of 4-1/2 Street and Pennsylvania Ave, Washington.
1850  Occupation  Artist
1850 census lists family
1850 Painted Little Miss Carvalho “VKA” An Azevedo or Emanuel’s dau?.
Late 1850 moved his business to Washington
1851 advertised in Baltimore as daguerrian & portrait painter

Charleston, South Carolina.

3 Feb 1851 Advt. in Charleston Courier– Gallery at 230 King Street
1852 Spec Ctee Shearith Israel Congregation Synagogue
1852 Listed himself  “Grand Sky-light Daguerrian Gallery @167 Meeting St Charleston
23 Sep 1852 Jacob Solis 2-born (later “Uncle Jack who married Suzanne Walker convert
12 Apr 1853 Charity (Charrie) 3-born
1853 invented process for the transparent enameling of daguerreotypes.
1853 Employed by Jeremiah Gurney NYC to utilize this process

Fremont Expedition.

5 Sep 1853 “Accompanied General John C Fremont on his expedition across the Rockies as the artist of the expedition. Lost for 6 months & mourned as dead, reached California …first ever to put the beauty of the Grand Canyon on canvas” Claire Carvalho
8 Feb Arrived Parowan, Utah -saved by the Mormon Heap family
1 Mar Arrived Salt Lake City-painted many portraits Made a great deal of money.
13 June 1854 arr. Los Angles  “Carvalho & Johnson” Los Angles

Baltimore, Maryland.

1856 Paints portrait of wife Sarah Miriam Solis
Sept 1856 Published “Incidents of Travel & Adventure…with Col. Fremont….” Chose $300 flat fee instead of 5 cents per book which would have paid 5 times as much!
Jan 1856  Solomon III Solis 4-born
1856/7 listed as artist Baltimore directory resident at 35 South Gay St
1857 Founded Beth Israel synagogue, Sephardic Spanish & Portuguese customs
1857 Holiday with Sarah “Revisiting Bermuda” ? Barbados??
1858/9 listed at 81 Liberty St Baltimore
1859 Paints “Little Annie Abrams” aged 2 (She becomes David II’s wife later)
1860 listed at 92 Saratoga St Baltimore
1860 father David I dies & Sarah & family move to NYC-Solomon to New Orleans

New Orleans, Louisiana.

1860/61 Setting up steam heating invention in New Orleans
1861-Civil War time-Carvalho family is not on 1860 Census

NEW YORK CITY,NY

1862 Solomon joins family in NYC
1862 Res 177th St., Tremont Studio at “Dodsworth’s 204 5th Ave  per Nat Acad of Design
1862 Paints son Jacob Solis
1864  studio at 59 East 13th St Paints sister Miriam “Mona Lisa” style
1864 Exhibits self-portrait at National Academy of Design entry 256
1865 Paints portrait Abe Lincoln marking 2nd inauguration March 4.

1870 Census New York District 10.

Solomon Nunes  Carvalho           53 Artist Portrait Painter Real Est $6500 Pers $500
Sarah Miriam Solis  Carvalho      42  keeps house

David Nunes  Carvalho                21  clerk in soap manfg.
Charrie Solis Carvalho                 18  at home
Jacob Solis Carvalho                    17  Clerk lumber yard “Uncle Jack”  
Solomon Solis Carvalho              14
Elizth Kell                                      19  servant

1870 With Sarah directed a religious school-part of Hand-in-Hand Congregation NYC.
1871 Cataract operation.
1872 Fall  Travelled to Martinique with son David. Picture of them both on voyage. Produced “Album of Martinique with 24 plates” Copies in NYC Public Library and Schomberg Collection.
1872/3 Paints wife Sarah.
1877/8 Patents Steam Heating System-awarded Medal of Excellence by American Institute in NYC. Office address 119 Liberty Street then to 107.Resident  177th, Tremont.
Charity Carvalho and husband Adolf Marsheutz lived next door with their 4 children Jules, Solomon, Sarah & Ethel.
1885 Res at 24 East 131st St, NYC.
2 May 1894 Sarah died & Solomon went to live with Charity.
21 May 1897 Solomon died New York City death cert 15519.  Solomon & Sarah were both buried in a plot belonging to The Congregation Shearith Israel in NYC, the Sephardic synagogue founded in 1654.

“Jacob(Jack)  Carvalho, son of Solomon & Sarah, became president of a large lumber company in New York, married late in life to Suzanne Walker and built a lovely home in Lawrence, Long Island where they lived until their death.

“Another Carvalho son, Solomon Solis went into the newspaper business, first with Pulitzer, & then with Hearst, until his death. He also married late in life to a fellow newspaper worker, Helen Cuisak & they had 2 children. “Sol” was a connoisseur of Chinese porcelain.
“the only surviving daughter Charity ( was there another?)  became a painter of miniatures in addition to being a loving daughter, wife & mother”  per Joan Sturhahn’s “Carvalho”

Note: This is a work in progress. Not all newspapers have been searched. In some cases advertisements in Baltimore, Maryland, Washington, D. C. and Charleston, South Carolina have been recorded but have not been followed and recorded. In addition not all articles or advertisements were recorded, before being posted.